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Consensus Statement of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics/American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition: Indicators Recommended for the Identification and Documentation of Pediatric Malnutrition (Undernutrition)

Becker, Patricia, Carney, Liesje Nieman, Corkins, Mark R., Monczka, Jessica, Smith, Elizabeth, Smith, Susan E., Spear, Bonnie A., White, Jane V., Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·2015·Nutrition in Clinical Practice

DOI 10.1177/0884533614557642

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Abstract

The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (the Academy) and the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (A.S.P.E.N.), utilizing an evidence-informed, consensus-derived process, recommend that a standardized set of diagnostic indicators be used to identify and document pediatric malnutrition (undernutrition) in routine clinical practice. The recommended indicators include z scores for weight-for-height/length, body mass index-for-age, or length/height-for-age or mid-upper arm circumference when a single data point is available. When 2 or more data points are available, indicators may also include weight gain velocity (<2 years of age), weight loss (2-20 years of age), deceleration in weight for length/height z score, and inadequate nutrient intake. The purpose of this consensus statement is to identify a basic set of indicators that can be used to diagnose and document undernutrition in the pediatric population ages 1 month to 18 years. The indicators are intended for use in multiple settings (eg, acute, ambulatory care/outpatient, residential care). Several screening tools have been developed for use in hospitalized children. However, identifying criteria for use in screening for nutritional risk is not the purpose of this paper. Clinicians should use as many data points as available to identify and document the presence of malnutrition. The universal use of a single set of diagnostic parameters will expedite the recognition of pediatric undernutrition, lead to the development of more accurate estimates of its prevalence and incidence, direct interventions, and promote improved outcomes. A standardized diagnostic approach will also inform the prediction of the human and financial responsibilities and costs associated with the prevention and treatment of undernutrition in this vulnerable population and help to further ensure the provision of high-quality, cost-effective nutritional care.

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Authors: Becker, P., Carney, L. N., Corkins, M. R., Monczka, J., Smith, E., Smith, S. E., Spear, B. A., White, J. V., Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, & American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
Affiliations: University of North Carolina Health Care (US)
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (US)
University of Tennessee Health Science Center (US)
Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children (US)
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (US)
University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
University of Tennessee at Knoxville (US)
Corresponding author: Carney, Liesje Nieman
ORCID: Becker, Patricia
Corkins, Mark R.
Smith, Susan E.
Venue: Nutrition in Clinical Practice
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2014-11-24
Volume: 30
Issue: 1
Pages: 147-161
ISSN: 0884-5336 (ISSN-L)
1941-2452
DOI: 10.1177/0884533614557642
OpenAlex: W2168139470
Cited by: 393
References: 63
Citations by year: 2026: 43 · 2025: 49 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 41 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 3
FWCI: 12.07
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Nutrition in Clinical Practice (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Dietetics, Nutrition, and Education
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
Keywords: child malnutrition, malnutrition, diagnostic biomarkers, Z-score, body mass index for age, mid-upper arm circumference, weight gain velocity, weight loss, nutritional screening, dietary management, hospitalized children
MeSH terms: Academies and Institutes, Body Weight, Dietetics, Enteral Nutrition, Humans, Nutritional Status, Parenteral Nutrition, United States, Nutritional Support, Consensus, Malnutrition

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Consensus Statement of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics/American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition: Indicators Recommended for the Identification and Documentation of Pediatric Malnutrition (Undernutrition)

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