Maternal and child undernutrition: global and regional exposures and health consequences

Black, Robert E; Allen, Lindsay H; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A; Caulfield, Laura E; de Onis, Mercedes; Ezzati, Majid; Mathers, Colin; Rivera, Juan

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61690-0

Cited by 6,443Child Nutrition and Water AccessGlobal Maternal and Child HealthPublic Health and Nutrition

Maternal and child undernutrition: global and regional exposures and health consequences

Black, Robert E, Allen, Lindsay H, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Caulfield, Laura E, de Onis, Mercedes, Ezzati, Majid, Mathers, Colin, Rivera, Juan·2008·The Lancet

DOI 10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61690-0

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Findings on micronutrient burden are substantially smaller than previous comparative risk assessment estimates for 2000 and Black and colleagues' 2004 estimates.
“Our findings on the burden of micronutrients are also substantially smaller than those in the previous comparative risk assessment for 2000 and in estimates for 2004 by Black and colleagues10 in The Lancet's Maternal and Child Undernutrition Series.”
From A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 (2012) · cites this paper as [10]
Estimated child deaths caused by underweight changed across studies: GBD 1990 estimated 5.9 million deaths in 1990; the 2000 comparative risk assessment estimated 3.7 million; 2004 estimates were 1.9 million; GBD 2010 estimated 2.3 million for 1990 and 0.9 million for 2010.
“in GBD 1990 it was estimated to be 5·9 million deaths in 1990,180 in the comparative risk assessment study for 2000 as 3·7 million deaths,7 and 1·9 million deaths in 2004.10 In GBD 2010 we estimated 2·3 million deaths for 1990 and 0·9 million deaths for 2010.”
From A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 (2012) · cites this paper as [10]
The age at which zinc deficiency effects begin was increased from birth in the 2000 comparative risk assessment to 6 months in 2004 and to 12 months in this analysis based on reassessment of supplementation trials.
“The age at which the effects of zinc deficiency begin was increased from birth in the 2000 comparative risk assessment, to 6 months in 2004,10 and to 12 months in the present analysis based on a reassessment of existing and new supplementation trials.”
From A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 (2012) · cites this paper as [10]
Vitamin A deficiency increases the risk of severe diarrhoea and diarrhoea mortality (RR 1.5, 95% CI 1.3-1.8), but is not an important risk factor for diarrhoea or pneumonia incidence or pneumonia mortality.
“Vitamin A deficiency increases the risk of severe diarrhoea and thus diarrhoea mortality (relative risk [RR] 1·5, 95% CI 1·3–1·8),66 but is not an important risk factor for the incidence of diarrhoea or pneumonia, or for pneumonia-related mortality.66”
From Global burden of childhood pneumonia and diarrhoea (2013) · cites this paper as [66]

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A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
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Gut Microbiomes of Malawian Twin Pairs Discordant for Kwashiorkor
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“Micronutrient deficiency can raise the vulnerability to other infectious diseases and the risks of mortality due to illnesses such as diarrhea, pneumonia, malaria, and measles [99].”
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Consensus Statement of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics/American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition: Indicators Recommended for the Identification and Documentation of Pediatric Malnutrition (Undernutrition)
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Authors: Black, R. E., Allen, L. H., Bhutta, Z. A., Caulfield, L. E., de Onis, M., Ezzati, M., Mathers, C., & Rivera, J.
Affiliations: Johns Hopkins University (US)
Agricultural Research Service (US)
Aga Khan University (PK)
Harvard University (US)
World Health Organization (CH)
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (MX)
Corresponding author: Black, Robert E
ORCID: Black, Robert E
Allen, Lindsay H
Bhutta, Zulfiqar A
Caulfield, Laura E
Ezzati, Majid
Mathers, Colin
Rivera, Juan
Venue: The Lancet
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2008-01
Volume: 371
Issue: 9608
Pages: 243-260
ISSN: 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
0140-6736
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61690-0
OpenAlex: W2000795003
Cited by: 6,443
References: 135
Citations by year: 2026: 154 · 2025: 240 · 2024: 271 · 2023: 384 · 2022: 409 · 2021: 460 · 2020: 513 · 2019: 412 · 2018: 393 · 2017: 433 · 2016: 447 · 2015: 409 · 2014: 385 · 2013: 435 · 2012: 352
FWCI: 22.88
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: The Lancet (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
eCommons - AKU (Aga Khan University) (submittedVersion)
ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (submittedVersion)
LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Child Nutrition and Water Access
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Global Maternal and Child Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Public Health and Nutrition
Keywords: maternal undernutrition, child undernutrition, child mortality, disability-adjusted life years, stunting, severe wasting, fetal growth restriction, vitamin A deficiency, zinc deficiency, iron deficiency, iodine deficiency, disease burden, low- and middle-income countries
MeSH terms: Iron Deficiencies, Child Welfare, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Iodine, Maternal Mortality, Maternal Welfare, Nutritional Status, Poverty, Severity of Illness Index, Vitamin A Deficiency, Global Health, Prevalence, Wasting Syndrome, Malnutrition, Child Mortality

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