The DOI matches its Crossref record; 75 of the 75 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Exploring the Relationships Between Different Types of Facebook Use, Perceived Online Social Support, and Adolescents’ Depressed Mood
Open accessAbstract
This study aims to provide a deeper understanding of the relationships between different types of Facebook use, perceived online social support, and boys’ and girls’ depressed mood. To address this aim, this study ( N = 910) developed a comprehensive model that (1) differs between specific types of Facebook use, (2) examines the mediating role of perceived online social support, and (3) takes adolescent users’ gender into account. Structural equation modeling showed that the harmful impact of Facebook use exclusively occurs among girls who passively use Facebook and among boys who actively use Facebook in a public setting. Girls, however, who actively use Facebook, either in a public setting or in a private setting and subsequently perceive online social support, benefit from actively using Facebook, as perceived online social support negatively predicted girls’ depressed mood. The discussion focuses on the explanation and understanding of these findings, key limitations, and directions for future research.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Some studies have reported small negative associations between certain forms of social media engagement and well-being, including symptoms of anxiety, depression and lower self-esteem [11-13].”
From The Complex and Multifaceted Nature of Social Media: Perspectives From Young Adolescents, Parents and Experts (2026) · cites this paper as [11]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Frison and Eggermont (2016) found that both active and passive use of Facebook, in a sample of Belgian high school pupils, correlated with an increased frequency of depressed mood.”
From A systematic review: the influence of social media on depression, anxiety and psychological distress in adolescents (2020) · cites this paper as Frison and Eggermont (2016)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Perceived social support (Frison & Eggermont, 2016) and rumination (Wang et al., 2018) were other mediating factors reported in the studies.”
From A systematic review: the influence of social media on depression, anxiety and psychological distress in adolescents (2020) · cites this paper as Frison & Eggermont, 2016
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Frison and Eggermont (2016) found that girls who passively use Facebook and boys who actively use Facebook in a public setting were more likely to be a ff ected by the negative impacts of Facebook.”
From A systematic review: the influence of social media on depression, anxiety and psychological distress in adolescents (2020) · cites this paper as Frison and Eggermont (2016)
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, the use of social media for the purpose of social comparison and feedback seeking (Nesi & Prinstein, 2015), and passive, rather than active use of social media (Frison & Eggermont, 2016;Thorisdottir, Sigurvinsdottir, Asgeirsdottir, Allegrante, & Sigfusdottir, 2019) have been shown to be associated with higher subsequent depressive symptoms among adolescents.”
From The relationship between screen time and mental health in young people: A systematic review of longitudinal studies (2021) · cites this paper as Frison & Eggermont, 2016
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
A theory of social comparison processes
Festinger, L. (1954) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/001872675400700202 · Cited by 20,926
Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis
Cohen, S., & Wills, T. A. (1985) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.98.2.310 · Cited by 18,093
(2010) · Intellectum (Universidad de La Sabana) · doi:10.1111/j.1467- · Cited by 16,131
The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support
Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa5201_2 · Cited by 13,339
Social support as a moderator of life stress
Cobb, S. (1976) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-197609000-00003 · Cited by 6,936
Computer-Mediated Communication: Impersonal, Interpersonal, and Hyperpersonal Interaction
WALTHER, J. B. (1996) · Communication Research · doi:10.1177/009365096023001001 · Cited by 4,798
Structural Equation Modeling With AMOS: Basic Concepts, Applications, and Programming, Third Edition
Byrne, B. M. (2016) · doi:10.4324/9781315757421 · Cited by 4,653
Sex Differences in Social Behavior
Eagly, A. H. (2013) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203781906 · Cited by 3,440
Sex Differences in Social Behavior: A Social-Role Interpretation.
Doherty, E. G., & Eagly, A. H. (1989) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2073813 · Cited by 3,281
Rose, A. J., & Rudolph, K. D. (2006) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.1.98 · Cited by 2,517
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Koutamanis M., 2014, Adolescents’ comments in social media: Who receives negative feedback and why?
- Tobin S. J., 2014, Social Influence, 10, 1
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 401–500 of 519
Cyber Behavior for Child and Adolescent Development
Li, H., Wang, F., & Subrahmanyam, K. (2023) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781107165250.006 · Cited by 1
Bruner, J. (2018) · Cited by 1
Aston, E. (2018) · e-space (Manchester Metropolitan University) · Cited by 1
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES AMONG SNAPCHAT USERS: USES AND MOTIVATIONS
Baker, N. (2020) · Digital Commons - URI (University of Rhode Island) · doi:10.23860/baker-nicole-2020 · Cited by 1
Social Media Use and Symptoms of Anxiety and Depressed Mood among Adolescents
Þórisdóttir, I. E. (2020) · Opin vísindi (Opin vísindi) · Cited by 1
Watanabe, L. K. (2019) · Carleton University's Institutional Repository (MacOdrum Library, Carleton University) · doi:10.22215/etd/2019-13760 · Cited by 1
Instagram a psychological tool for depressionPreprint
Amosun, D. (2022) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/wapgu · Cited by 1
Fighting Modern Slavery on Facebook: Clicktivism to Offline Participation
Newton, J. (2022) · Queensland University of Technology · doi:10.5204/thesis.eprints.233174 · Cited by 1
Weng, C. A., Bulgin, J., Diaz, S., Zhang, J., Tan, R., Li, L., & Armstrong-Hough, M. (2022) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2022.11.30.22282943 · Cited by 1
Wang, S., Gao, C., & Yang, X. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2961689/v1 · Cited by 1
Zhou, X., Pan, W., & Jiang, S. (2024) · doi:10.2196/preprints.60459 · Cited by 1
Branch-Smith, C., Hurley, D., & Salehi, N. (2026) · Health & Social Care in the Community · doi:10.1155/hsc/9924586
Kempny, C., Janneck, M., & Staar, H. (2017) · Qucosa (Saxon State and University Library Dresden)
Interações e práticas no Facebook
Primo, A., Valiati, V. A. ́., Lupinacci, L., & de Barros, L. R. (2018) · Revista Contracampo · doi:10.22409/contracampo.v0i0.1160
McGuiness, A. (2018) · e-space (Manchester Metropolitan University)
Use of Social Networking Sites and Subjective Well-Being
TOSUN, L. P. (2019) · DergiPark (Istanbul University)
Liens entre la solitude et les types d'utilisation de Facebook
Baillargeon, M., Harrisson, A.-H., Mercier, J., & Richard, M.-C. (2019) · Psycause revue scientifique étudiante de l École de psychologie de l Université Laval · doi:10.51656/psycause.v8i2.20129
Review of the Relationship between Social Networking Sites Use and Mental Health of Adolescents
季, 秀. (2020) · Advances in Social Sciences · doi:10.12677/ass.2020.911240
Artificial Intelligence in Detecting Suicidal Content on Russian-Language Social Networks
Narynov, S., Kozhakhmet, K., Mukhtarkhanuly, D., Sambetbayeva, A., & Omarov, B. S. (2020) · Communications in computer and information science · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-63119-2_66
Social media engagement among early adolescents: Motivational and adjustment correlates
Swirsky, J. M. (2019) · TUScholarShare (Temple University)
Review on the Effects of Increased Social Media Use on Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents
Zahid, A. (2021) · UTSC s Journal of Natural Sciences · doi:10.33137/jns.v2i1.34904
Social Media Use Among Adolescents: The Relationship with Peer Attachment and Moderation of Gender
den Blanken, V. M. (2021) · Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University)
Cao, B., Wang, D., Wang, Y., Hall, B. J., Wu, N., Wu, M., Ma, Q., Tucker, J. D., & Lv, X. (2020) · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-35769/v1
Exploring the Antecedents of Social Support on Social Network Sites
Gunawan, J., & Liu, Y.-C. (2021) · International Journal of E-Business Research · doi:10.4018/ijebr.2021100103
Social Support in Higher Education: Evidence of Validity and Reliability in the Peruvian Context
Millones, D. L. M., Rivalles, R. M., Lara, S. D., Pineda‐Marín, C., & Manrique‐Pino, O. (2021) · Universitas Psychologica · doi:10.11144/javeriana.upsy19.sshe
Layug, A., Krishnamurthy, S., McKenzie, R., & Feng, B. (2022) · doi:10.2196/preprints.38589
Dufour, M. (2022) · Carleton University's Institutional Repository (MacOdrum Library, Carleton University) · doi:10.22215/etd/2022-14886
Social Inquiry into Well-Being
(2024) · Social Inquiry into Well-Being · doi:10.13165/sd
Ioannidis, K. (2022) · doi:10.26481/dis.20220623ki
Chico, A. L. (2022) · International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science · doi:10.47772/ijriss.2022.6516
Uticaj društvenih mreža na mentalno zdravlje
Milošević, S., & Milošević, D. (2022) · Zbornik instituta za kriminološka i sociološka istraživanja · doi:10.47152/ziksi2022012 · Cited by 1
علاقة استخدام موقع الشبكة الاجتماعية فايسبوك بتراكم رأس المال الاجتماعي
عمروش, ف. ب., & قليعة, أ. (2022) · ALBAHITH ALALAMI · doi:10.33282/abaa.v13i54.843
Zhang, L., Gu, R., Li, A., & Wang, J. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2075673/v1
Ponomareva, A. V., & Yakovleva, E. N. (2022) · Humanities and Social Sciences Bulletin of the Financial University · doi:10.26794/2226-7867-2022-12-3-123-129
The Impact of active social media use on the mental health of the older adults (Preprint)Preprint
Wei, N., Sun, D., & Huang, W. (2023) · doi:10.2196/preprints.46106
Sensibilisierung für psychische Gesundheit durch soziale Medien
Kothambikar, A. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-39489-9_5
Digital communication technologies and mental health
Gugushvili, N. (2023) · Research Publications (Maastricht University) · doi:10.26481/dis.20230320ng
Honeycutt, D., Sablon, W. D., Jung, D., Redmond, C., Serna, K., Lucas, B., & Campisi, J. (2022) · BIOS · doi:10.1893/bios-d-21-00010
Bledsoe, O. (2022) · Journal of Student Research · doi:10.47611/jsrhs.v11i3.2723
Socially Designed: A Prescription for Brain Health
Fridman, D. (2023) · Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka (Figshare) · doi:10.26686/wgtn.23596278
Dev, K. (2023) · International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) · doi:10.21275/sr231017100823
Peng, Y. (2023) · Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media · doi:10.54254/2753-7048/32/20230812
The Relationship Between Interpersonal Stress and Internet Usage among Adolescents
Chen, Y., & Fan, S. (2024) · Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media · doi:10.54254/2753-7048/34/20231940
When Branded Memes Go Viral: The Mediating Role of Perceived FunPreprint
Kim, M., Baek, T. H., & Kim, J. S. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4785605
Knežević, L., & Erceg, I. (2024) · Psihologijske teme · doi:10.31820/pt.33.1.3
Digital age on mental health: Prevalence, challenges and the rise of telemental health solutions
Alhur, A., Alharbi, M. S., Khomsan, G. H. Y. A., Alasmari, A. M. A., Alzahrani, S., Al-Yami, H. H. M., Alghamdi, A., Alshehri, S. A., Bagader, O. M., Almunajjim, M. H. M., et al. (2023) · International Journal of Biosciences (IJB) · doi:10.12692/ijb/23.6.242-248
Kosmidou, E., & Gavriilidoy, A. (2024) · Scientific Journal of Sport and Performance · doi:10.55860/nrqe8483
张, 奥. (2024) · Advances in Psychology · doi:10.12677/ap.2024.147510
Weng, C. A., Bulgin, J., Diaz, S., Zhang, J., Tan, R., Li, L., & Armstrong-Hough, M. (2024) · doi:10.2196/preprints.64850 · Cited by 1
Social Media: A Harsher Reality for Adolescents with DepressionPreprint
Janssen, L. H. C., Valkenburg, P. M., Keijsers, L., & Beyens, I. (2024) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/mtez3
Zhu, W., Wang, L., Yang, T., Su, X., Guo, Y., Wang, L., Dong, X., Zhang, Y., & Pan, M. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-4946574/v1
Attachment anxiety moderates the effect of social media posting on loneliness
Ma, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2024) · Communication Research Reports · doi:10.1080/08824096.2024.2410261
Social Media and Psychological Well-Being
Yang, C., & Sheldon, P. (2023) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781107165250.033
Yukang, X., & Zhu, L. (2023) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781107165250.020
Yukang, X., & Zhu, L. (2023) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781107165250.002
Socio-Emotive Coping Strategies for Being Yourself on Social Networking SitesPreprint
Lee, J., & Ko, D. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5056041
Personalidad y usos de internet: Rasgos Normales vs. Continuos de la Personalidad
de la Iglesia, G., & Solano, A. C. (2024) · Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento ( RACC ) · doi:10.32348/1852.4206.v16.n4.40135
The Effects of Social Media on Mental Health: A Comprehensive Analysis
Gahine, R. J. (2024) · IBMRD s Journal of Management & Research · doi:10.17697/ibmrd/2024/v13i2/174004
Effects of COVID-19 related social media use on well-being
Dienlin, T. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-91385-2
Social Media and Adolescents: Assessment of Risk, Clinical Manifestations, and Prevention
PettyJohn, M. E., Calvin, A. J., Selkie, E. M., & Temple, J. R. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-80369-7_16
Desai, T. (2025) · Preprints.org · doi:10.20944/preprints202505.0537.v1
Inteligencia Emocional y Uso de Redes Sociales en Adolescentes
Brito, J. A. G., & Benavides, A. S. S. (2025) · Revista Multidisciplinaria Investigación Contemporánea · doi:10.58995/redlic.rmic.v3.n2.a121
Social Network Usage and the Risk of NEET Status: Exploring Gender as a Moderator
Nguyen, P. N. T. (2025) · Journal of Social and Scientific Education · doi:10.58230/josse.v2i2.305
Comparing European Emerging Adults Online Romantic Relationships: A Short Longitudinal Study
Bruno, L., Pasikowski, S., Cuéllar, A. I., Annese, S., & Ligorio, M. B. (2025) · Human Arenas · doi:10.1007/s42087-025-00505-x · Cited by 1
Lee, S. Y., Brown, S., Vergara‐Lopez, C., Mathis, K. J., Bock, B. C., Nugent, N. R., Parade, S. H., Tyrka, A. R., & Stroud, L. R. (2025) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-025-02962-8
Mora, E. (2025) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/979-8-3373-0518-9.ch003
Social Media Use and Adolescent Body Dissatisfaction—Impacts and Underlying Mechanisms
姜, 志. (2025) · Advances in Social Sciences · doi:10.12677/ass.2025.146560
Ulfa, M., & Lubis, M. (2025) · Penamas Journal of Community Service · doi:10.53088/penamas.v5i2.2012 · Cited by 4
Khalechane, M. M.-L., & Xaba, M. B. (2025) · Sociological Focus · doi:10.1080/00380237.2025.2549015
Patel, J., Ibrahim, S. T., & Katapally, T. R. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.08.24.25334320
Alwabili, A., Almeshal, R. A., Almeathem, F. K., Alodheilah, A., Alfurayh, K., Aldhuwayhi, M. I., Alsharef, S. M. M., Almubaddil, M. S., Aldughayyim, A., & Alotaibi, E. A. (2025) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.1177/00332941251390462
Malygin, Y. V., Zolotareva, L. S., Orlova, A. S., Mokienko, O. A., & Vl, M. (2025) · Counseling Psychology and Psychotherapy · doi:10.17759/cpp.2025330302
Bandodcar, A. S., & Valke, M. V. (2025) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/979-8-3373-4516-1.ch010
Are public social interactions on Twitter associated with mental health outcomes?
Joinson, D., Simpson, E., Haworth, C. M. A., Cristianini, N., Cara, N. H. D., & Davis, O. S. P. (2025) · Computers in Human Behavior Reports · doi:10.1016/j.chbr.2025.100874
RetractedOlubela, A., & Iyunade, O. T. (2025) · Journal of Pedagogy and Education Science · doi:10.56741/iistr.jpes.00901
Scott, E. S., Canivet, C. A., & Östergren, P.-O. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.13279064
Cao, B., Wang, D., Wang, Y., Hall, B. J., Wu, N., Wu, M., Ma, Q., Tucker, J. D., & Lv, X. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14955890
Gregory, L., Dutton, T., Osuagwu, U. L., & Vines, R. F. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26592044
Scott, E. S., Canivet, C. A., & Östergren, P.-O. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.13279058
Scott, E. S., Canivet, C. A., & Östergren, P.-O. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.13279061
Gregory, L., Dutton, T., Osuagwu, U. L., & Vines, R. F. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26592047
Vanherle, R., & Beullens, K. (2025) · Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication · doi:10.1093/jcmc/zmaf015
Jelleli, H., Nashwan, N. A., Hindawi, O. S., Aissa, M. B., Rebhi, M., Melki, W., Saidane, M., Guelmami, N., & Bonsaksen, T. (2025) · Physical Activity and Nutrition · doi:10.20463/pan.2025.0029 · Cited by 1
Liu, T., Zhang, Y. L., Liu, Z., & Chao, M. (2026) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/13591053251406971
Instagram Passive Active Use Measure (iPAUM): Development, validation and relation to self-esteem
Tølbøll, K. B., Gerson, J., & Plagnol, A. C. (2026) · Cyberpsychology Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace · doi:10.5817/cp2026-1-10
Godard, R., Draper, Z. A., Holtzman, S., & O’Connor, B. P. (2026) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-026-09064-y
Shwetha, S. (2025) · International Conference on Advances in Next-Gen Computer Science (ICANCS) · doi:10.1109/icancs65819.2025.11377063
Jiao, C., & Nordin, M. N. (2026) · International Journal of Inclusive Education · doi:10.1080/13603116.2026.2634193
肖, 曼. (2026) · Advances in Social Sciences · doi:10.12677/ass.2026.153214
The Impact of Memory Load on the Creative Thinking of Social Media Users
李, 婉. (2026) · Advances in Psychology · doi:10.12677/ap.2026.163162
Bohnert, M., Gracia, P., & Kelly, Y. J. (2026) · Youth & Society · doi:10.1177/0044118x261429123
Spécificités des sites de réseaux sociaux et effets sur le bien-être subjectif
Masciantonio, A. (2021) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/57037ff3z6387z4f23zba21z1eded09313d6
Janssen, L. H. C., van der Wal, A., & Beyens, I. (2026) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579426101485
Ozimek, P., Spannenkrebs, A. H., Bohl, E., Rohmann, E., Hoffmann, D., & Bierhoff, H. (2026) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs16091512
Metadata
- Authors
- Frison, E., & Eggermont, S.
- Affiliations
- KU Leuven (BE)
- Corresponding author
- Frison, Eline
- Venue
- Social Science Computer Review
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2015-01-21
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 153-171
- ISSN
- 0894-4393 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-8286
- OpenAlex
- W1964309626
- Semantic Scholar
- 116a0a3f4f56cb5bf4a9a941623f6529f804153f
- Cited by
- 519
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 41 · 2025: 56 · 2024: 62 · 2023: 66 · 2022: 95 · 2021: 55 · 2020: 51 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 4
- FWCI
- 63.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- lirias.kuleuven.be
- Locations
- Social Science Computer Review (publishedVersion)
- Lirias (KU Leuven) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health via Writing
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender and Technology in Education
- Keywords
- Facebook use, gender differences, social media use, mediation, adolescents
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
