The DOI matches its Crossref record; 9 of the 9 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Review papers : Design and analysis of reliability studies
Abstract
This review covers the design and analysis of essentially two types of reliability study: method comparison studies and generalizability (including inter-rater reliability) experiments. Likelihood-based methods of inference (confirmatory factor analysis and REML estimation of variance components, for example) are advocated, partly because of their ease of use but, primarily as a stimulus to the use of more ambitious designs for the investigation of the quality of measurements. The more sophisticated approaches are not intended to replace the simpler traditional methods, however, but are expected to be used to supplement them.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
STATISTICAL METHODS FOR ASSESSING AGREEMENT BETWEEN TWO METHODS OF CLINICAL MEASUREMENT
Martin Bland, J., & Altman, D. (1986) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(86)90837-8 · Cited by 47,965
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x · Cited by 47,139
Intraclass correlations: Uses in assessing rater reliability.
Shrout, P. E., & Fleiss, J. L. (1979) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.86.2.420 · Cited by 24,532
Weighted kappa: nominal scale agreement provision for scaled disagreement or partial credit
Cohen, J. (1968) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0026256 · Cited by 8,736
XV.—The Correlation between Relatives on the Supposition of Mendelian Inheritance.
Fisher, R. A. (1919) · Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh · doi:10.1017/s0080456800012163 · Cited by 4,387
Maximum Likelihood Approaches to Variance Component Estimation and to Related Problems
Harville, D. A. (1977) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.1977.10480998 · Cited by 2,667
Statistical analysis of sets of congeneric tests
Jöreskog, K. G. (1971) · Psychometrika · doi:10.1007/bf02291393 · Cited by 1,481
Estimating the Error Rates of Diagnostic Tests
Hui, S. L., & Walter, S. D. (1980) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2530508 · Cited by 780
THEORY OF GENERALIZABILITY: A LIBERALIZATION OF RELIABILITY THEORY†
Cronbach, L. J., Rajaratnam, N., & Gleser, G. C. (1963) · British Journal of Statistical Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8317.1963.tb00206.x · Cited by 737
Cited by
Lewis, G., Pelosi, A. J., Araya, R., & Dunn, G. (1992) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291700030415 · Cited by 1,487
Self-citationHADDOCK, G., McCARRON, J., TARRIER, N., & FARAGHER, E. B. (1999) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291799008661 · Cited by 1,461
Development, validation and utilisation of food-frequency questionnaires – a review
Cade, J., Thompson, R., Burley, V., & Warm, D. (2002) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1079/phn2001318 · Cited by 1,423
Beyond kappa: a review of interrater agreement measures
Banerjee, M., Capozzoli, M., McSweeney, L., & Sinha, D. (1999) · Canadian Journal of Statistics · doi:10.2307/3315487 · Cited by 976
Sample size requirements for the design of reliability study: review and new results
Shoukri, M. M., Asyali, M. H., & Donner, A. (2004) · Statistical Methods in Medical Research · doi:10.1191/0962280204sm365ra · Cited by 459
Metadata
- Authors
- Dunn, G.
- Venue
- Statistical Methods in Medical Research
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1992-08
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 123-157
- ISSN
- 0962-2802 (ISSN-L)
- 1477-0334
- OpenAlex
- W2045917085
- Cited by
- 325
- References
- 9
- FWCI
- 17.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Review papers : Design and analysis of reliability studies. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1177/096228029200100202
- The paper
- Dunn, G. (1992). Review papers : Design and analysis of reliability studies. Statistical Methods in Medical Research. https://doi.org/10.1177/096228029200100202
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
