The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
“Who Is an Entrepreneur?” Is the Wrong Question
Abstract
Entrepreneurship is the creation of organizations. What differentiates entrepreneurs from non-entrepreneurs is that entrepreneurs create organizations, while non-entrepreneurs do not. In behavioral approaches to the study of entrepreneurship an entrepreneur is seen as a set of activities involved in organization creation, while in trait approaches an entrepreneur is a set of personality traits and characteristics. This paper argues that trait approaches have been unfruitful and that behavioral approaches will be a more productive perspective for future research in entrepreneurship.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Risk Taking Propensity of Entrepreneurs.
Brockhaus, R. H. (1980) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/255515 · Cited by 1,733
Cited by
Clarifying the Entrepreneurial Orientation Construct and Linking It to Performance
Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G. G. (1996) · The Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.1996.9602161568 · Cited by 10,159
Social entrepreneurship research: A source of explanation, prediction, and delight
Mair, J., & Martí, I. (2006) · Journal of World Business · doi:10.1016/j.jwb.2005.09.002 · Cited by 4,015
The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy in the Development of Entrepreneurial Intentions.
Zhao, H., Seibert, S. E., & Hills, G. E. (2005) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.90.6.1265 · Cited by 2,996
Social entrepreneurship: A critical review of the concept
Peredo, A. M., & McLean, M. (2006) · Journal of World Business · doi:10.1016/j.jwb.2005.10.007 · Cited by 1,993
Social Entrepreneurship: Why We Don't Need a New Theory and How We Move Forward From Here
Dacin, P. A., Dacin, M. T., & Matear, M. (2010) · Academy of Management Perspectives · doi:10.5465/amp.2010.52842950 · Cited by 1,527
Toward a Dynamic Learning Perspective of Entrepreneurship
Cope, J. (2005) · Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6520.2005.00090.x · Cited by 1,305
Bacq, S., & Janssen, F. (2011) · Entrepreneurship & Regional Development · doi:10.1080/08985626.2011.577242 · Cited by 1,037
Rauch, A., & Hulsink, W. (2015) · Academy of Management Learning & Education · doi:10.5465/amle.2012.0293 · Cited by 781
Action-based entrepreneurship education
Rasmussen, E. A., & Sørheim, R. (2006) · Technovation · doi:10.1016/j.technovation.2005.06.012 · Cited by 707
Many are Called, but Few are Chosen: An Evolutionary Perspective for the Study of Entrepreneurship
Aldrich, H. E., & Martinez, M. A. (2001) · Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice · doi:10.1177/104225870102500404 · Cited by 596
An Interactive Model of the Corporate Entrepreneurship Process
Hornsby, J. S., Naffziger, D. W., Kuratko, D. F., & Montagno, R. V. (1993) · Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice · doi:10.1177/104225879301700203 · Cited by 462
The Lean Startup Framework: Closing the Academic–Practitioner Divide
Shepherd, D. A., & Gruber, M. (2021) · Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice · doi:10.1177/1042258719899415 · Cited by 459
Adapting the Uppsala model to a modern world: Macro-context and microfoundations
Coviello, N., Kano, L., & Liesch, P. W. (2017) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/s41267-017-0120-x · Cited by 446
Parental role models and the decision to become self-employed: The moderating effect of personality
Chlosta, S., Patzelt, H., Klein, S. B., & Dormann, C. (2012) · Small Business Economics · doi:10.1007/s11187-010-9270-y · Cited by 412
The Culture for Open Innovation Dynamics
Yun, J. J., Zhao, X., Jung, K., & Yigitcanlar, T. (2020) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su12125076 · Cited by 341
Entrepreneurship in digital platforms: Anetwork‐centric view
Srinivasan, A., & Venkatraman, N. (2018) · Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal · doi:10.1002/sej.1272 · Cited by 331
Neumeyer, X., & Santos, S. C. (2018) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.08.216 · Cited by 299
Fostering Entrepreneurial Drive in Business Education: An Attitudinal Approach
Florin, J., Karri, R., & Rossiter, N. (2007) · Journal of Management Education · doi:10.1177/1052562905282023 · Cited by 266
University departments and self-employment intentions of business students: a cross-level analysis
Walter, S. G., Parboteeah, K. P., & Walter, A. (2013) · Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6520.2011.00460.x · Cited by 245
Business accomplishments, gender and entrepreneurial self-image
Verheul, I., Uhlaner, L., & Thurik, R. (2005) · Journal of Business Venturing · doi:10.1016/j.jbusvent.2004.03.002 · Cited by 228
Power law distributions in entrepreneurship: Implications for theory and research
Crawford, G. C., Aguinis, H., Lichtenstein, B., Davidsson, P., & McKelvey, B. (2015) · Journal of Business Venturing · doi:10.1016/j.jbusvent.2015.01.001 · Cited by 195
Editor's Introduction. Entrepreneurs’ Behavior: Elucidation and Measurement
Bird, B., Schjoedt, L., & Baum, J. R. (2012) · Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6520.2012.00535.x · Cited by 138
Obschonka, M., Silbereisen, R. K., Schmitt-Rodermund, E., & Stuetzer, M. (2011) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2010.12.005 · Cited by 113
Chan, K. Y., Ho, M.-H. R., Chernyshenko, O. S., Bedford, O., Uy, M. A., Gomulya, D., Sam, Y. L., & Phan, W. M. J. (2012) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2012.05.001 · Cited by 110
Maheshwari, G. (2021) · Education + Training · doi:10.1108/et-02-2021-0074 · Cited by 85
(2014) · Eurasian Journal of Business and Economics · Cited by 56
The Effect of Youth Entrepreneurship Education Programs: Two Large-Scale Experimental Studies
Kim, G., Kim, D., Lee, W. J., & Joung, S. (2020) · Sage Open · doi:10.1177/2158244020956976 · Cited by 51
“Over the years, numerous scholars have defined entrepreneurship based on various views (Drucker, 1985; Gartner, 1988); however, there is still no consensus on the meaning of entrepreneurship.”
BackgroundCUMBERLAND, D. M., MEEK, W. R., & GERMAIN, R. (2015) · Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship · doi:10.1142/s1084946715500041 · Cited by 42
Toward a Psychology of Entrepreneurship — An Action Theory Perspective
Frese, M. (2009) · Foundations and Trends® in Entrepreneurship · doi:10.1561/0300000028 · Cited by 22
How digital startups use competitive intelligence to pivot
Sadeghiani, A., Shokouhyar, S., & Ahmadi, S. (2022) · Digital Business · doi:10.1016/j.digbus.2022.100034 · Cited by 20
Metadata
- Authors
- Gartner, W. B.
- Venue
- American Journal of Small Business
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1988-04
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 11-32
- ISSN
- 0363-9428 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2341544654
- Cited by
- 3,378
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 26.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.