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Cited by 241Cultural Differences and ValuesPsychometric Methodologies and TestingPsychological Testing and Assessment

Measuring the Refined Theory of Individual Values in 49 Cultural Groups: Psychometrics of the Revised Portrait Value Questionnaire

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Schwartz, Shalom H., Cieciuch, Jan·2022·Assessment
DOI 10.1177/1073191121998760PMC PMC9131418
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Abstract

Researchers around the world are applying the recently revised Portrait Value Questionnaire (PVQ-RR) to measure the 19 values in Schwartz’s refined values theory. We assessed the internal reliability, circular structure, measurement model, and measurement invariance of values measured by this questionnaire across 49 cultural groups ( N = 53,472) and 32 language versions. The PVQ-RR reliably measured 15 of the 19 values in the vast majority of groups and two others in most groups. The fit of the theory-based measurement models supported the differentiation of almost all values in every cultural group. Almost all values were measured invariantly across groups at the configural and metric level. A multidimensional scaling analysis revealed that the PVQ-RR perfectly reproduced the theorized order of the 19 values around the circle across groups. The current study established the PVQ-RR as a sound instrument to measure and to compare the hierarchies and correlates of values across cultures.

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  • Flan-PaLM 540B was the best performer by a small margin, with criterion correlations of 0.74, 0.73 and 0.59 for the PVQ-RR scales for achievement, conformity and security, respectively.

    “Flan-PaLM 540B was the best performer by a small margin, with criterion correlations of 0.74, 0.73 and 0.59 for the Revised Portrait Value Questionnaire (PVQ-RR)44 scales for achievement, conformity and security, respectively.”

    From A psychometric framework for evaluating and shaping personality traits in large language models (2025) · cites this paper as [44]

  • The criterion measures were drawn from widely used instruments developed and psychometrically validated for human research, including PANAS, BPAQ, PVQ-RR and SSCS.

    “These criterion measures were drawn from widely used instruments developed and psychometrically validated for human research, including PANAS scales40, Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ)43, Revised Portrait Value Questionnaire (PVQ-RR)44 and Short Scale of Creative Self (SSCS)47.”

    From A psychometric framework for evaluating and shaping personality traits in large language models (2025) · cites this paper as [44]

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Schwartz, S. H., & Cieciuch, J.
Affiliations
  • Hebrew University of Jerusalem (IL)
  • University of Zurich (CH)
Corresponding author
Schwartz, Shalom H.
ORCID
Venue
Assessment
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2021-03-06
Volume
29
Issue
5
Pages
1005-1019
ISSN
  • 1073-1911 (ISSN-L)
  • 1552-3489
DOI
10.1177/1073191121998760
PMC
PMC9131418
OpenAlex
W3135346516
Cited by
241
References
4
Citations by year
2026: 42 · 2025: 75 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 50 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 7
FWCI
30.38
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Assessment (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)
Funders
Universität Zürich
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Cultural Differences and Values
  • Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
Keywords
Portrait Values Questionnaire, Schwartz value theory, value measurement, measurement invariance, cross-cultural measurement, value hierarchy, internal consistency, language versions
MeSH terms
Humans, Language, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Reproducibility of Results

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