Cited by 2,671Qualitative Research Methods and EthicsQualitative Research Methods and ApplicationsData Analysis and Archiving

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Ethics, Reflexivity, and “Ethically Important Moments” in Research

Guillemin, Marilys, Gillam, Lynn·2004·Qualitative Inquiry

DOI 10.1177/1077800403262360

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Abstract

Ethical tensions are part of the everyday practice of doing research—all kinds of research. How do researchers deal with ethical problems that arise in the practice of their research, and are there conceptual frameworks that they can draw on to assist them? This article examines the relationship between reflexivity and research ethics. It focuses on what constitutes ethical research practice in qualitative research and how researchers achieve ethical research practice. As a framework for thinking through these issues, the authors distinguish two different dimensions of ethics in research, which they term procedural ethics and “ethics in practice.” The relationship between them and the impact that each has on the actual doing of research are examined. The article then draws on the notion of reflexivity as a helpful way of understanding both the nature of ethics in qualitative research and how ethical practice in research can be achieved.

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Authors: Guillemin, M., & Gillam, L.
Affiliations: The University of Melbourne (AU)
ORCID: Guillemin, Marilys
Gillam, Lynn
Venue: Qualitative Inquiry
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2004-04
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Pages: 261-280
ISSN: 1077-8004 (ISSN-L)
1552-7565
DOI: 10.1177/1077800403262360
OpenAlex: W2103099631
Cited by: 2,671
References: 27
Citations by year: 2026: 226 · 2025: 216 · 2024: 200 · 2023: 235 · 2022: 197 · 2021: 191 · 2020: 212 · 2019: 219 · 2018: 148 · 2017: 125 · 2016: 134 · 2015: 102 · 2014: 122 · 2013: 79 · 2012: 65
FWCI: 48.16
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Qualitative Inquiry (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Qualitative Research Methods and Ethics
Social Sciences › Education › Qualitative Research Methods and Applications
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Data Analysis and Archiving
Keywords: research ethics, reflexivity, qualitative research ethics, procedural ethics, ethics in practice

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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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Ethics, Reflexivity, and “Ethically Important Moments” in Research

Abstract

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About these checks