Early Predictors of De Novo and Subthreshold Late-Onset ADHD in a Child and Adolescent Cohort
Open accessAbstract
Objective: The study aimed to identify early childhood risk factors for de novo and subthreshold late-onset ADHD. Method: ADHD symptoms were assessed in 9,875 participants from the Twins Early Development Study (TEDS) using the Conners’ Parent Rating Scale at ages 8, 12, 14, and 16 years, along with other childhood characteristics and adolescent outcomes. Multinomial logistic regressions were implemented to identify early childhood predictors of late-onset ADHD and childhood-onset persistent ADHD, with non-ADHD controls as the reference category. Results: Male sex, increased childhood conduct problems, and low socioeconomic status predicted de novo late-onset ADHD. Additional risk factors predicted subthreshold late-onset ADHD and childhood-onset persistent ADHD. Late-onset ADHD symptoms were also accompanied by increased co-occurring behavioral and emotional problems. Conclusion: Findings of different childhood predictors between subthreshold and de novo late-onset ADHD suggest further investigation into time-varying environmental and biological factors driving psychopathological changes is warranted to fully characterize late-onset ADHD.
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Adults with ADHD have lower academic performance and higher rates of educational failure compared to neurotypical peers.
“These challenges are associated with lower academic performance and higher rates of educational failure compared to neurotypical peers”
From ADHD in Adulthood: Clinical Presentation, Comorbidities, and Treatment Perspectives (2025) · cites this paper as [9]
The Adolescent outcomes section (p. 9) identifies GCSE scores as a measure of academic performance, and the results (p. 11) report worse GCSE performance in the childhood-onset persistent ADHD group than in the other ADHD groups. The study examines adolescents, however, and these passages do not establish higher rates of educational failure or the claimed academic comparison between adults with ADHD and neurotypical peers. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Liu, C.-Y., Asherson, P., Viding, E., Greven, C. U., & Pingault, J.-B.
- Affiliations
- National Taiwan University Hospital (TW)
- King's College London (GB)
- University College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Pingault, Jean-Baptiste
- Venue
- Journal of Attention Disorders
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2019-12-30
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1240-1250
- ISSN
- 1087-0547 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-1246
- OpenAlex
- W2997456659
- Cited by
- 8
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 0.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- discovery.ucl.ac.uk
- Locations
- Journal of Attention Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council (G0901245)
- MQ: Transforming Mental Health (MQ16IP16)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Keywords
- late-onset ADHD, subthreshold ADHD, early childhood risk factors, conduct problems, socioeconomic status, sex differences, emotional and behavioral problems, ADHD comorbidity, child and adolescent development
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Child, Preschool, Family, Humans, Male, Risk Factors, Cohort Studies, Logistic Models
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