The DOI matches its Crossref record; 32 of the 32 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Surveying the Moral Landscape: Moral Motives and Group-Based Moralities
Abstract
We present a new six-cell Model of Moral Motives that applies a fundamental motivational distinction in psychology to the moral domain. In addition to moral motives focused on the self or another, we propose two group-based moralities, both communal in orientation, but reflecting distinct moral motives (Social Order/Communal Solidarity vs. Social Justice/Communal Responsibility) as well as differences in construals of group entitativity. The two group-based moralities have implications for intragroup homogeneity as well as intergroup conflict. Our model challenges the conclusions of Haidt and colleagues that only conservatives (not liberals) are group oriented and embrace a binding morality. We explore the implications of this new model for politics in particular and for the self-regulation versus social regulation of morality more generally.
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Cites
The genetical evolution of social behaviour. I
Hamilton, W. D. (1964) · Journal of Theoretical Biology · doi:10.1016/0022-5193(64)90038-4 · Cited by 15,725
The Evolution of Reciprocal Altruism
Trivers, R. L. (1971) · The Quarterly Review of Biology · doi:10.1086/406755 · Cited by 11,010
A Theory of Justice: Revised Edition
Rawls, J. (1999) · doi:10.4159/9780674042582 · Cited by 9,455
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Higgins, E. T. (1997) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.52.12.1280 · Cited by 6,775
Altruistic punishment in humans
Fehr, E., & Gächter, S. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/415137a · Cited by 5,616
Political conservatism as motivated social cognition.
Jost, J. T., Glaser, J., Kruglanski, A. W., & Sulloway, F. J. (2003) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.3.339 · Cited by 4,904 · cited 1×
“In general, conservatives are higher on threat sensitivity (Jost et al., 2003), which is associated with inhibition-based avoidance motivation, whereas liberals are higher on Openness to Experience (McCrae, 1996), which is linked to activationbased approach motivation.”
BackgroundLiberals and conservatives rely on different sets of moral foundations.
Graham, J., Haidt, J., & Nosek, B. A. (2009) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0015141 · Cited by 4,560
Gray, J. A. (1982) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00013066 · Cited by 4,477 · cited 1×
“…distinction in the motivation and self-regulation of behavior—approach versus avoidance, or behavioral activation versus inhibition (Carver, 2006; Carver & Scheier, 1998; J. A. Gray, 1982, 1990; Higgins, 1997, 1998; for reviews, see Carver & Scheier, 2008, and Gable, Reis, & Elliot, 2003).”
Negativity Bias, Negativity Dominance, and Contagion
Rozin, P., & Royzman, E. B. (2001) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr0504_2 · Cited by 4,342
Cited by
The cultural evolution of prosocial religions
Norenzayan, A., Shariff, A. F., Gervais, W. M., Willard, A. K., McNamara, R. A., Slingerland, E., & Henrich, J. (2016) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x14001356 · Cited by 934
Malle, B. F., Guglielmo, S., & Monroe, A. E. (2014) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1080/1047840x.2014.877340 · Cited by 632
Hofmann, W., Wisneski, D. C., Brandt, M. J., & Skitka, L. J. (2014) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1251560 · Cited by 575
Twentieth century morality: The rise and fall of moral concepts from 1900 to 2007
Wheeler, M. A., McGrath, M. J., & Haslam, N. (2019) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0212267 · Cited by 98
“Further research using dictionaries based on alternative moral schema such as Janoff-Bulman and Carnes’ Model of Moral Motives [35] might reinforce the historical patterns suggested by our data or illuminate other trajectories of moral language.”
MethodThe Nature and Role of Morality in Offending: A Moral Foundations Approach
Silver, J. R., & Silver, E. (2021) · Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency · doi:10.1177/0022427820960201 · Cited by 41
Moral stereotyping in large language models
Zewail, A., Figueroa, A., Graham, J., & Atari, M. (2026) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2519941123 · Cited by 29
Authoritarian and benevolent god representations and the two sides of prosociality
Johnson, K. A., & Cohen, A. B. (2016) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x15000461 · Cited by 15
Metadata
- Authors
- Janoff-Bulman, R., & Carnes, N. C.
- Venue
- Personality and Social Psychology Review
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2013-03-16
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 219-236
- ISSN
- 1088-8683 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-7957
- OpenAlex
- W2109884117
- Cited by
- 254
- References
- 32
- FWCI
- 11.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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