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Processes of Personality Development in Adulthood: The TESSERA Framework

Wrzus, Cornelia, Roberts, Brent W.·2017·Personality and Social Psychology Review

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Abstract

The current article presents a theoretical framework of the short- and long-term processes underlying personality development throughout adulthood. The newly developed TESSERA framework posits that long-term personality development occurs due to repeated short-term, situational processes. These short-term processes can be generalized as recursive sequence of Triggering situations, Expectancy, States/State expressions, and Reactions (TESSERA). Reflective and associative processes on TESSERA sequences can lead to personality development (i.e., continuity and lasting changes in explicit and implicit personality characteristics and behavioral patterns). We illustrate how the TESSERA framework facilitates a more comprehensive understanding of normative and differential personality development at various ages during the life span. The TESSERA framework extends previous theories by explicitly linking short- and long-term processes of personality development, by addressing different manifestations of personality, and by being applicable to different personality characteristics, for example, behavioral traits, motivational orientations, or life narratives.

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Authors: Wrzus, C., & Roberts, B. W.
Affiliations: Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
Corresponding author: Wrzus, Cornelia
ORCID: Wrzus, Cornelia
Roberts, Brent W.
Venue: Personality and Social Psychology Review
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2016-06-02
Volume: 21
Issue: 3
Pages: 253-277
ISSN: 1088-8683 (ISSN-L)
1532-7957
DOI: 10.1177/1088868316652279
OpenAlex: W2415578067
Cited by: 559
References: 247
Citations by year: 2026: 56 · 2025: 49 · 2024: 62 · 2023: 69 · 2022: 64 · 2021: 79 · 2020: 85 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 4
FWCI: 42.39
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Personality and Social Psychology Review (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Society for Personality and Social Psychology
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Ego Development and Educational Practices
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Identity, Memory, and Therapy
Keywords: personality development, adulthood, expectancy, personality continuity, behavioral characteristics, motivational orientation, life stories
MeSH terms: Humans, Individuality, Models, Psychological, Motivation, Personality, Personality Development, Personality Disorders, Personality Inventory, Self Concept

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Processes of Personality Development in Adulthood: The TESSERA Framework

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