Playground Designs to Increase Physical Activity Levels During School Recess: A Systematic Review
Open accessAbstract
School recess provides a major opportunity to increase children's physical activity levels. Various studies have described strategies to increase levels of physical activity. The purpose of this systematic review is therefore to examine the interventions proposed as forms of increasing children's physical activity levels during recess. A systematic search of seven databases was made from the July 1 to July 5, 2012, leading to a final set of eight studies (a total of 2,383 subjects-599 "preschoolers" and 1,784 "schoolchildren") meeting the inclusion criteria. These studies were classified according to the intervention used: playground markings, game equipment, playground markings plus physical structures, and playground markings plus game equipment. The results of these studies indicate that the strategies analyzed do have the potential to increase physical activity levels during recess. The cumulative evidence was (a) that interventions based on playground markings, game equipment, or a combination of the two, do not seem to increase the physical activity of preschoolers and schoolchildren during recess and (ii) that interventions based on playground markings plus physical structures do increase the physical activity of schoolchildren during recess in the short to medium term.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Evidence on the effectiveness of interventions that only focus on environmental changes is limited.
“Evidence on the effectiveness of interventions that only focus on environmental changes is limited (65, 83); such interventions should be integrated in multicomponent approaches (65, 83).”
From How can physical activity be promoted among children and adolescents? A systematic review of reviews across settings (2019) · cites this paper as [83]
The high risk of bias due to research quality led to an inconclusive evidence rating on MVPA for enhancing recess, which differs from previous systematic reviews that have suggested interventions could lead to improvements in PA during school recess.
“Overall, the high risk of bias due to research quality led to an inconclusive evidence rating on MVPA, which differs from previous systematic reviews, which have suggested that interventions could lead to improvements in PA during school recess.21, 22, 23”
From A mixed-studies systematic review and meta-analysis of school-based interventions to promote physical activity and/or reduce sedentary time in children (2020) · cites this paper as [22]
Only one secondary school-based intervention was included across two recent reviews of playground designs and physically active lessons.
“Both provide encouraging evidence in favour of these approaches, but only one secondary school‐based intervention was included across both reviews.”
From The school environment and adolescent physical activity and sedentary behaviour: a mixed-studies systematic review (2016) · cites this paper as [17]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Janssen, I., & LeBlanc, A. G. (2010) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/1479-5868-7-40 · Cited by 4,829 · see citing works
van Sluijs, E. M. F., McMinn, A. M., & Griffin, S. J. (2007) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.39320.843947.be · Cited by 1,120 · see citing works
Increasing physical activity: a quantitative synthesis.
Dishman, R., & Buckworth, J. (1996) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1097/00005768-199606000-00010 · Cited by 693 · see citing works
Health, United States, 2011: With Special feature on Socioeconomic Status and Health
(2012) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e582072012-001 · Cited by 476 · see citing works
Verstraete, S. J. M., Cardon, G. M., De Clercq, D. L. R., & De Bourdeaudhuij, I. M. M. (2006) · European Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckl008 · Cited by 401 · see citing works
How to formulate research recommendations
Brown, P., Brunnhuber, K., Chalkidou, K., Chalmers, I., Clarke, M., Fenton, M., Forbes, C., Glanville, J., Hicks, N. J., Moody, J., et al. (2006) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.38987.492014.94 · Cited by 381 · see citing works
The effect of multicolor playground markings on children's physical activity level during recess
Stratton, G., & Mullan, E. (2005) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2005.07.009 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
Children's Pedometer-Determined Physical Activity during the Segmented School Day
Tudor-Locke, C. E., Lee, S. M., Morgan, C. F., Beighle, A. E., & Pangrazi, R. P. (2006) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000230212.55119.98 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
Ridgers, N. D., Stratton, G., Fairclough, S. J., & Twisk, J. W. R. (2007) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.01.009 · Cited by 282 · see citing works
Bauer, K. W., Yang, Y. W., & Austin, S. B. (2004) · Health Education & Behavior · doi:10.1177/1090198103255372 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
The Crucial Role of Recess in Schools
Ramstetter, C. L., Murray, R. D., & Garner, A. S. (2010) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.2010.00537.x · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Blatchford, P., Baines, E., & Pellegrini, A. D. (2003) · British Journal of Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1348/026151003322535183 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Rees, R. W., Kavanagh, J., Harden, A., Shepherd, J. G., Brunton, G., Oliver, S. R., & Oakley, A. (2006) · Health Education Research · doi:10.1093/her/cyl120 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
The characteristics of the outdoor school environment associated with physical activity
Haug, E., Torsheim, T., Sallis, J. F., & Samdal, O. (2008) · Health Education Research · doi:10.1093/her/cyn050 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Hannon, J. C., & Brown, B. B. (2008) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.01.006 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Children's physical activity levels during school recess: a quasi-experimental intervention study
Ridgers, N. D., Stratton, G., Fairclough, S. J., & Twisk, J. W. (2007) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/1479-5868-4-19 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Stratton, G. (2000) · Ergonomics · doi:10.1080/001401300750003961 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Active School Playgrounds—Myth or Reality? Results of the “Move It Groove It” Project
Zask, A., van Beurden, E., Barnett, L. M., Brooks, L. O., & Dietrich, U. C. (2001) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1006/pmed.2001.0905 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Mota, J. A. P. S., Silva, P., Santos, M. P., Ribeiro, J. C., de Oliveira, J. J. F., & Duarte, J. A. (2005) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640410410001730124 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Cardon, G., Labarque, V., Smits, D., & Bourdeaudhuij, I. D. (2009) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.02.013 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Ridgers, N. D., Fairclough, S. J., & Stratton, G. (2010) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.7.2.167 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Instant Recess ® : A Practical Tool for Increasing Physical Activity During the School Day
Whitt‐Glover, M. C., Ham, S. A., & Yancey, A. K. (2011) · Progress in community health partnerships · doi:10.1353/cpr.2011.0031 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Modest Exercise Prevents the Progressive Disease Associated with Physical Inactivity
Slentz, C. A., Houmard, J. A., & Kraus, W. E. (2007) · Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews · doi:10.1249/01.jes.0000240019.07502.01 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Kreichauf, S., Wildgruber, A., Krombholz, H., Gibson, E. L., Vögele, C., Nixon, C., Douthwaite, W., Moore, H. J., Μanios, Y., Summerbell, C. D., et al. (2012) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1467-789x.2011.00973.x · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Children’s Heart Rates during Physical Education Lessons: A Review
Stratton, G. (1996) · Pediatric Exercise Science · doi:10.1123/pes.8.3.215 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Day-to-day and seasonal variability of physical activity during school recess
Ridgers, N. D., Stratton, G., Clark, E., Fairclough, S. J., & Richardson, D. J. (2006) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.01.017 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Harten, N., Olds, T., & Dollman, J. (2007) · Health & Place · doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2007.08.005 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
A recess intervention to promote moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity
Howe, C. A., Freedson, P. S., Alhassan, S., Feldman, H. A., & Osganian, S. K. (2012) · Pediatric Obesity · doi:10.1111/j.2047-6310.2011.00007.x · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Cauwenberghe, E. V., Bourdeaudhuij, I. D., Maes, L., & Cardon, G. (2012) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.07.014 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Duncan, M. J., & Staples, V. (2010) · Human Movement · doi:10.2478/v10038-009-0023-1 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Huberty, J. L., Beets, M. W., Beighle, A., & Welk, G. (2011) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.8.s2.s249 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Escalante, Y., Backx, K., Saavedra, J. M., García‐Hermoso, A., & Domínguez, A. M. (2011) · Revista Española de Salud Pública · doi:10.1590/s1135-57272011000500007 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Self-citationInfluence of ball weight on shot accuracy and efficacy among 9-11-year-old male basketball players
Estero, J. L. A. (2012) · University of Zagreb University Computing Centre (SRCE) · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Igralište i tjelesna aktivnost za vrijeme školskog odmora u osnovnim školama
Escalante, Y., Backx, K., Saavedra, J. M., García‐Hermoso, A., & Domínguez, A. M. (2012) · Kinesiology · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Hills, A. P., Dengel, D. R., & Lubans, D. R. (2015) · Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2014.09.010 · Cited by 705 · see citing works
Morton, K. L., Atkin, A. J., Corder, K., Suhrcke, M., & van Sluijs, E. M. F. (2016) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12352 · Cited by 325 · see citing works
“For example, two recent reviews have examined the impact of playground designs (17) and physically active lessons (18).”
BackgroundMessing, S., Rütten, A., Abu-Omar, K., Ungerer-Röhrich, U., Goodwin, L., Burlacu, I., & Gediga, G. (2019) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2019.00055 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Shoesmith, A., Hall, A. E., Wolfenden, L., Shelton, R. C., Powell, B. J., Brown, H., McCrabb, S., Sutherland, R., Yoong, S. L., Lane, C., et al. (2021) · Implementation Science · doi:10.1186/s13012-021-01134-y · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Jones, M., Defever, E., Letsinger, A., Steele, J., & Mackintosh, K. A. (2020) · Journal of Sport and Health Science · doi:10.1016/j.jshs.2019.06.009 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
The value of (pre)school playgrounds for children's physical activity level: a systematic review
Broekhuizen, K., Scholten, A.-M., & de Vries, S. I. (2014) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/1479-5868-11-59 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Pawlowski, C. S., Andersen, H. B., Troelsen, J., & Schipperijn, J. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0148786 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Barriers and facilitators of domain-specific physical activity: a systematic review of reviews
García, L., Mendonça, G., Benedetti, T. R. B., Borges, L. J., Streit, I. A., Christofoletti, M., Silva-Júnior, F. L. E., Papini, C. B., & Binotto, M. A. (2022) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-022-14385-1 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
van de Kolk, I., Verjans-Janssen, S. R. B., Gubbels, J. S., Kremers, S., & Gerards, S. M. P. L. (2019) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-019-0874-6 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Audrey, S., & Batista-Ferrer, H. (2015) · Health and Place · doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2015.09.004 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
The role of greenery for physical activity play at school grounds
Mårtensson, F., Jansson, M., Johansson, M. V., Raustorp, A., Kylin, M., & Boldemann, C. (2013) · Urban forestry & urban greening · doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2013.10.003 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Reimers, A. K., Schöeppe, S., Demetriou, Y., & Knapp, G. (2018) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph15071356 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Filho, V. C. B., Minatto, G., Mota, J. A. P. S., da Silva, K. S., de Campos, W., & Lopes, A. D. S. (2016) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.03.025 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Domain-Specific Self-Reported and Objectively Measured Physical Activity in Children
Sprengeler, O., Wirsik, N., Hebestreit, A., Herrmann, D., & Ahrens, W. (2017) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph14030242 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Parrish, A., Chong, K. H., Moriarty, A. L., Batterham, M. J., & Ridgers, N. D. (2020) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-020-01347-z · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Travert, A.-S., Annerstedt, K. S., & Daivadanam, M. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16081454 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Occupational Therapy Practice Guidelines for Children and Youth Ages 5–21 Years
Cahill, S., & Beisbier, S. (2020) · American Journal of Occupational Therapy · doi:10.5014/ajot.2020.744001 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Prince, S. A., Lancione, S., Lang, J. J., Amankwah, N., de Groh, M., Garcia, A. J., Merucci, K., & Geneau, R. (2022) · Health & Place · doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102828 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome in South Asians: prevention and management
Jayawardena, R., Sooriyaarachchi, P., & Misra, A. (2021) · Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1080/17446651.2021.1982381 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Adams, J., Veitch, J., & Barnett, L. M. (2018) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph15091896 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
van Kann, D., Kremers, S., de Vries, N. K., de Vries, S. I., & Jansen, M. W. J. (2016) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.05.022 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Pawlowski, C. S., Schipperijn, J., Tjørnhøj‐Thomsen, T., & Troelsen, J. (2016) · European Physical Education Review · doi:10.1177/1356336x16664748 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Playground usage and physical activity levels of children based on playground spatial features
Reimers, A. K., & Knapp, G. (2017) · Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1007/s10389-017-0828-x · Cited by 49 · see citing works
von Sommoggy, J., Rueter, J., Curbach, J., Helten, J., Tittlbach, S. A., & Loss, J. (2020) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2020.561175 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Influence of school playground size and equipment on the physical activity of students during recess
Δελίδου, Ε., Ματσούκα, Ο., & Nikolaidis, C. (2015) · European Physical Education Review · doi:10.1177/1356336x15598790 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Andersen, H. B., Christiansen, L. B., Pawlowski, C. S., & Schipperijn, J. (2019) · Landscape and Urban Planning · doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2019.103617 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Loebach, J. E., & Cox, A. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph191912661 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Mayfield, C. A., Child, S. T., Weaver, R. G., Zarrett, N. R., Beets, M. W., & Moore, J. B. (2017) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/josh.12506 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Van Kann, D. H. H., Jansen, M. W. J., de Vries, S. I., de Vries, N. K., & Kremers, S. P. J. (2015) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2633-1 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Increase in Physical Activity Sustained 1 Year After Playground Intervention
Frost, M. C., Kuo, E. S., Harner, L. T., Landau, K. R., & Baldassar, K. (2018) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2018.01.006 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
A critical examination of school-based recess: what do the children think?
Massey, W. V., Neilson, L., & Salas, J. (2019) · Qualitative Research in Sport Exercise and Health · doi:10.1080/2159676x.2019.1683062 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Systematic review of incidental physical activity community interventions
Reynolds, R. C., McKenzie, S. P., Allender, S. E., Brown, K., & Foulkes, C. (2014) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.06.023 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
An evaluation of outdoor school environments to promote physical activity in Delhi, India
Tarun, S., Arora, M., Rawal, T., & Neelon, S. E. B. (2017) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3987-8 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Dyke, M. E. V., Cheung, P. C., Franks, P., & Gazmararian, J. A. (2017) · American Journal of Health Promotion · doi:10.1177/0890117117717016 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Correlates of the Physical Activity Decline during Childhood
Pereira, S., Reyes, A., de Chaves, R. N., Santos, C., Vasconcelos, O., Tani, G., Katzmarzyk, P. T., Baxter-Jones, A. D. G., & Maia, J. A. R. (2022) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000003013 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Innovative playgrounds: use, physical activity, and implications for health
Talarowski, M., Cohen, D. A., Williamson, S. L., & Han, B. (2019) · Public Health · doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2019.06.002 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Pawlowski, C. S., Andersen, H. B., Tjørnhøj‐Thomsen, T., Troelsen, J., & Schipperijn, J. (2015) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2687-0 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
van Kann, D., de Vries, S. I., Schipperijn, J., de Vries, N. K., Jansen, M. W. J., & Kremers, S. (2016) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/josh.12459 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Beyler, N., Bleeker, M. M., James‐Burdumy, S., Fortson, J., & Benjamin, M. (2014) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.10.011 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Suga, A. C. M., da Silva, A. A. D. P., Brey, J. R., Guerra, P. H., & Rodríguez-Añez, C. R. (2021) · Jornal de Pediatria · doi:10.1016/j.jped.2021.02.005 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Recess Quality and Social and Behavioral Health in Elementary School Students
Massey, W. V., Thalken, J., Szarabajko, A., Neilson, L., & Geldhof, J. G. (2021) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/josh.13065 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Recess Physical Activity and Perceived School Environment among Elementary School Children
Ishii, K., Shibata, A., Sato, M., & Oka, K. (2014) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph110707195 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Brusseau, T. A., & Hannon, J. C. (2015) · lnternational Electronic Journal of Elementary Education · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Dudley, D. A., Cotton, W., Peralta, L. R., & Winslade, M. (2018) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-018-6005-5 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
van Kann, D., de Vries, S. I., Schipperijn, J., de Vries, N. K., Jansen, M. W. J., & Kremers, S. (2017) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.2016-0656 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Graham, M., Wright, M., Azevedo, L. B., Macpherson, T. W., Jones, D., & Innerd, A. L. (2021) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2021.1928423 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Active Schools in Europe—A Review of Empirical Findings
Bailey, R. P., Ríes, F., & Scheuer, C. (2023) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su15043806 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Activating schoolyards: study design of a quasi-experimental schoolyard intervention study
Andersen, H. B., Pawlowski, C. S., Scheller, H. B., Troelsen, J., Toftager, M., & Schipperijn, J. (2015) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-015-1828-9 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
McNamara, L. (2021) · FACETS · doi:10.1139/facets-2021-0081 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Pfledderer, C. D., Kwon, S., Strehli, I., Byun, W., & Burns, R. D. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19063445 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Alghannam, A. F., Malkin, J. D., Al-Hazzaa, H. M., AlAhmed, R. S., Evenson, K. R., Rakić, S., Alsukait, R. F., Herbst, C. H., Alqahtani, S. A., & Finkelstein, E. A. (2023) · Global Health Action · doi:10.1080/16549716.2023.2194715 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Lewis, L. K., Maher, C. A., Katzmarzyk, P. T., & Olds, T. (2016) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/josh.12357 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
The German recommendations for physical activity promotion
Abu‐Omar, K., Rütten, A., Messing, S., Pfeifer, K., Ungerer-Röhrich, U., Goodwin, L., Burlacu, I., & Gediga, G. (2018) · Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1007/s10389-018-0986-5 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Differently designed playgrounds and preschooler’s physical activity play
Luchs, A., & Fikus, M. (2016) · Early Child Development and Care · doi:10.1080/03004430.2016.1213726 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Physical Activity in Natural Settings: An Opportunity for Lifestyle Medicine
Maddock, J. E., & Frumkin, H. (2024) · American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine · doi:10.1177/15598276241253211 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Koorts, H., Timperio, A. F., Lonsdale, C., Ridgers, N. D., Lubans, D. R., Gatta, J. D., Bauman, A. E., Telford, A., Barnett, L. M., Lamb, K. E., et al. (2023) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-078410 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
An observational study of children’s behaviors across two playgrounds: Similarities and differences
Stanton‐Chapman, T. L., Toraman, S., Morrison, A., Dariotis, J. K., & Schmidt, E. L. (2018) · Early Childhood Research Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.ecresq.2018.03.007 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
The Intricacies of Children’s Physical Activity
Brusseau, T. A. (2015) · Journal of Human Kinetics · doi:10.1515/hukin-2015-0082 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
The effect of a self-constructed material on children’s physical activity during recess
Mendez‐Giménez, A., Estrada, J. A. C., & Fernández‐Río, J. (2017) · Revista de Saúde Pública · doi:10.1590/s1518-8787.2017051006659 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Playground Design and Physical Activity
Cohen, D. A., Talarowski, M., Han, B., Williamson, S. L., Galfond, E., Young, D. R., Eng, S., & McKenzie, T. L. (2022) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.10.012 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Graham, M., Dixon, K., Azevedo, L. B., Wright, M., & Innerd, A. L. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0261812 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Inclusive physical activity games at school: The role of teachers’ attitude toward inclusion
Gentile, A., Giustino, V., Ferrán, O. R., Marca, A. L., Compagno, G., Bianco, A., Battaglia, G., & Alesi, M. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1158082 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Physical activity levels during unstructured recess in Spanish primary and secondary schools
Calvo, J. M. F., Pardo, B. M., García‐González, L., Solana, A. A., & Casterad, J. Z. (2017) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Capio, C. M., Ho, H. C. M., Chan, C. C. Y., & Ho, D. C. W. (2022) · Early Childhood Education Journal · doi:10.1007/s10643-022-01409-z · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Hazlehurst, M. F., Wolf, K. L., Simmons, C., Nieto, C., Steiner, M. K., Garrett, K., Faino, A. V., Ubalde-López, M., López‐Toribio, M., & Tandon, P. S. (2023) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-023-01483-5 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
McWhannell, N., Triggs, C., & Moss, S. L. (2017) · European Physical Education Review · doi:10.1177/1356336x17743048 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Mendez‐Giménez, A. (2020) · SPORT TK-Revista EuroAmericana de Ciencias del Deporte · doi:10.6018/sportk.431111 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
McLoughlin, G. M., Massey, W. V., Lane, H., Calvert, H. G., Turner, L. R., & Hager, E. R. (2020) · Health Education Journal · doi:10.1177/0017896920959359 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Where the children play: Gender gaps in recess physical activity by age and playground area
Barenie, M. J., Howie, E. K., Weber, K. A., Thakur, D., Murphy, C. M., & Thomsen, M. R. (2024) · Preventive Medicine Reports · doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102699 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
McLoughlin, G. M., & Graber, K. C. (2020) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.2020.1765952 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Webster, E. K., Kepper, M. M., Saha, S., Beyl, R. A., Kracht, C. L., Romain, J. S., & Staiano, A. E. (2023) · BMC Pediatrics · doi:10.1186/s12887-023-04260-2 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Dyck, D. V., Timmerman, C., Hermida, M. A., Pintado, R., Cárdenas, M., Escandón, S., & Avilés, A. M. O. (2022) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2022.2086521 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Recess environment and curriculum intervention on children’s physical activity: IPLAY
Nigg, C. R., Kutchman, E. M., Amato, K., Schaefer, C., Zhang, G., Anwar, M. M. U., Anthamatten, P. J., Browning, R. C., Brink, L., & Hill, J. O. (2018) · Translational Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1093/tbm/iby015 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Salas-Sánchez, M. I., & Conti, J. V. (2020) · Retos · doi:10.47197/retos.v38i38.73038 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
From policy to practice: Examining the role of recess in elementary school
Thalken, J., Massey, W. V., Szarabajko, A., Ozenbaugh, I., & Neilson, L. (2021) · Public Health in Practice · doi:10.1016/j.puhip.2021.100091 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
What's Physical Activity Got to Do With It? Social Trends in Less Active Students at Recess
Woods, A. M., McLoughlin, G. M., Kern, B. D., & Graber, K. C. (2018) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/josh.12637 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Children’s play behaviour and engagement with the schoolyard environment
Lousen, I., Arvidsen, J., & Pawlowski, C. S. (2024) · International Journal of Play · doi:10.1080/21594937.2024.2425532 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Robinson, J. C., Temple, M., Duck, A. A., & Klamm, M. M. (2019) · Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing · doi:10.1111/jspn.12262 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Pagels, P., Wester, U., Mårtensson, F., Guban, P., Raustorp, A., Fröberg, A., Söderström, M., & Boldemann, C. (2020) · Photodermatology Photoimmunology & Photomedicine · doi:10.1111/phpp.12558 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Escalante, Y., Backx, K., & Saavedra, M. (2014) · Journal of Human Kinetics · doi:10.2478/hukin-2014-0024 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationBjornsen, M. A., Perryman, K. L., Cameron, L., Thomas, H., & Howie, E. K. (2024) · Journal of Research in Childhood Education · doi:10.1080/02568543.2024.2313021 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
El recreo escolar en la Educación Infantil: desafíos y oportunidades de múltiples aprendizajes
Saraiva, L., Pontes, S. G., Santos, F., & Sá, C. (2021) · Sportis Scientific Journal of School Sport Physical Education and Psychomotricity · doi:10.17979/sportis.2021.7.1.5971 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Zavacky, F., & Michael, S. L. (2017) · Journal of Physical Education Recreation & Dance · doi:10.1080/07303084.2017.1295763 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Arnold, J. P., Farello, A., Özkoca, N., Ozenbaugh, I., Braxling, C., & Massey, W. V. (2024) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/josh.13461 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Campagna, J., Czyszczon, K., Little, J., Selby, C., Wick, L., Ferreira, D., & Oriel, K. N. (2023) · Journal of Intellectual Disability Research · doi:10.1111/jir.13104 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
van Sluijs, E. M. F., Brown, H. E., Coombes, E. G., Hughes, C. H., Jones, A., Morton, K., & Guagliano, J. M. (2021) · Public Health Research · doi:10.3310/phr09090 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Kretschmann, R. (2016) · Pedagogics psychology medical-biological problems of physical training and sports · doi:10.15561/18189172.2016.0409 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Decreasing Sedentary Behaviors in Youth to Prevent and Manage Childhood Obesity: Is It Realistic?
Wong, J. P., Bachman, J., Griggs, S., & Hartz, J. (2023) · Current Atherosclerosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11883-023-01121-2 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Striving for equity: Life orientation resources in South African high schools
van Zyl, A., Webb, E. M., & Wolvaardt, L. (2021) · South African Journal of Education · doi:10.15700/saje.v41n1a1830 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Systematic promotion of physical activity
Kremers, S., Meertens, R. M., & Ruiter, R. A. C. (2017) · doi:10.1093/med/9780198757672.003.0022 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Ávila‐García, M., Medel‐Carbonell, L. M., Ruiz‐Alarcón, A., & Huertas‐Delgado, F. J. (2025) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/josh.70048 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Martínez, M. H., García-Jiménez, J. V., García-Pellicer, J. J., & Asencio, M. A. (2021) · Retos · doi:10.47197/retos.v43i0.88648 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Intervenciones en patios escolares para aumentar la actividad física. Revisión sistemática
Sánchez, M. I. S., & Conti, J. V. (2022) · SPORT TK-Revista EuroAmericana de Ciencias del Deporte · doi:10.6018/sportk.490251 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Why play outside? Problematising outdoor play as a biopedagogical task
Robinson, D., & Barrett, J. (2017) · Asia-Pacific Journal of Health Sport and Physical Education · doi:10.1080/18377122.2016.1272426 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Improving Passing Skills on Volleyball Using Target Games Approach
Aini, K. (2021) · JOURNAL SPORT AREA · doi:10.25299/sportarea.2021.vol6(1).5288 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
López‐Gil, J. F., Cavero‐Redondo, I., López, P. J. T., de Camargo, É. M., Sequí‐Domínguez, I., Lucas, J. L. Y., Cavichiolli, F. R., & García‐Hermoso, A. (2021) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app112311337 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citationMendez‐Giménez, A., & García-Rodríguez, I. (2024) · Retos · doi:10.47197/retos.v59.107185 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Creating Lasting Conditions for Meaningful Recess Reform: A 5‐School Exploration
London, R. A., Alvarez, G., Massey, W. V., Farello, A., & Santos, B. (2024) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/josh.13511 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Application of Balneological Treatment in the Treatment of Obesity in Children
Placek, K. M., Aniśko, B., & Wójcik, M. (2023) · Acta Balneologica · doi:10.36740/abal202305114 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Online social networks and Saudi youth participation in physical activity
Baker, R. (2016) · Cited by 3 · see citing works
- Authors
- Escalante, Y., García-Hermoso, A., Backx, K., & Saavedra, J. M.
- Affiliations
- Universidad de Extremadura (ES)
- Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
- Cardiff Metropolitan University (GB)
- ORCID
- Backx, Karianne
- Venue
- Health Education & Behavior
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2013-07-08
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 138-144
- ISSN
- 1090-1981 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-6127
- OpenAlex
- W2019055915
- Cited by
- 132
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 0.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Locations
- Health Education & Behavior (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Academica-e (Universidad Pública de Navarra) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Speech and Hearing › School Health and Nursing Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- recess, children's physical activity, playground design, game equipment, physical activity interventions, preschool children, elementary school students, built environment
- MeSH terms
- Child, Child, Preschool, Environment Design, Female, Humans, Male, Motor Activity, Physical Education and Training, Play and Playthings, Schools, Time Factors, Databases, Bibliographic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
