The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Scale Construction: Developing Reliable and Valid Measurement Instruments
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to describe the process for developing reliable and valid measurement instruments that can be used in any hospitality industry field research setting. Many instances exist in which the researcher cannot find an adequate or appropriate existing scale to measure an important construct. In these situations it is necessary to create a new scale. Failure to carefully develop a measurement instrument can result in invalid and uninterpretable data. Hence, a systematic seven-step process is outlined here to assist researchers in devising usable scales. Examples from the authors' own research are used to illustrate some of the steps in the process.
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Citations
Cites
A Paradigm for Developing Better Measures of Marketing Constructs
Churchill, G. A. (1979) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1177/002224377901600110 · Cited by 16,549
Reliability and Validity Assessment
Carmines, E., & Zeller, R. (1979) · doi:10.4135/9781412985642 · Cited by 5,884
A Review of Scale Development Practices in the Study of Organizations
Hinkin, T. R. (1995) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/014920639502100509 · Cited by 3,193
Self-citationRelation of sample size to the stability of component patterns.
Guadagnoli, E., & Velicer, W. F. (1988) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.103.2.265 · Cited by 2,880
MacKenzie, S. B., Podsakoff, P. M., & Fetter, R. (1991) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/0749-5978(91)90037-t · Cited by 807
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Antonakis, J., Avolio, B. J., & Sivasubramaniam, N. (2003) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/s1048-9843(03)00030-4 · Cited by 1,533
Priporas, C.-V., Stylos, N., Rahimi, R., & Vedanthachari, L. N. (2017) · International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management · doi:10.1108/ijchm-08-2016-0420 · Cited by 228
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Majeed, S., & Ramkissoon, H. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.573220 · Cited by 114
Development of a behavioural welfare assessment tool for routine use with captive elephants
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Metadata
- Authors
- Hinkin, T. R., Tracey, J. B., & Enz, C. A.
- Venue
- Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1997-02
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 100-120
- ISSN
- 0741-5095 (ISSN-L)
- 1096-3480
- 1557-7554
- OpenAlex
- W2128582879
- Cited by
- 819
- References
- 5
- FWCI
- 2.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
