Kynurenine Pathway of Tryptophan Metabolism: Regulatory and Functional Aspects

Prevention of Allogeneic Fetal Rejection by Tryptophan Catabolism

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An Interaction between Kynurenine and the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Can Generate Regulatory T Cells

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Relationship between interferon‐γ, indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase, and tryptophan catabolism

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Neuropharmacology of quinolinic and kynurenic acids.

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Role of Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase (PARP) Cleavage in Apoptosis

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Tryptophan and the immune response

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Zinc, Insulin and Diabetes

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Tryptophan Catabolism in Cancer: Beyond IDO and Tryptophan Depletion

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Aryl hydrocarbon receptor negatively regulates dendritic cell immunogenicity via a kynurenine-dependent mechanism

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High-resolution structures of inhibitor complexes of human indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 in a new crystal form

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The Synthesis of Kynurenic Acid in Mammals: An Updated Kynurenine Aminotransferase Structural KATalogue

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Crosstalk between Tryptophan Metabolism via Kynurenine Pathway and Carbohydrate Metabolism in the Context of Cardio-Metabolic Risk—Review

Kiluk, M., Lewkowicz, J., Pawlak, D., & Tankiewicz‐Kwedlo, A. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10112484 · Cited by 50

FMO rewires metabolism to promote longevity through tryptophan and one carbon metabolism in C. elegans

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Glioblastoma: Relationship between Metabolism and Immunosuppressive Microenvironment

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Dendritic cell-expressed IDO alleviates atherosclerosis by expanding CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Tregs through IDO-Kyn-AHR axis

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Gut microbiota dysbiosis and Huntington's disease: Exploring the gut-brain axis and novel microbiota-based interventions

Sharma, G., Biswas, S. S., Mishra, J., Navik, U., Kandimalla, R. J. L., Reddy, P. H., Bhatti, G. K., & Bhatti, J. S. (2023) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121882 · Cited by 47

Molecular Mechanisms of Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Melanoma Treatment: An Update

Vukadin, S., Khaznadar, F., Kizivat, T., Včev, A., & Smolić, M. (2021) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines9070835 · Cited by 47

What If Not All Metabolites from the Uremic Toxin Generating Pathways Are Toxic? A Hypothesis

Vanholder, R. C., Nigám, S. K., Burtey, S., & Glorieux, G. (2022) · Toxins · doi:10.3390/toxins14030221 · Cited by 49

The stress of losing sleep: Sex-specific neurobiological outcomes

Wright, C. J., Milosavljevic, S., & Pocivavsek, A. (2023) · Neurobiology of Stress · doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2023.100543 · Cited by 47

A narrative review of the roles of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase in liver diseases

Zhou, Q., Shi, Y., Chen, C., Wu, F., & Chen, Z. (2021) · Annals of Translational Medicine · doi:10.21037/atm-20-3594 · Cited by 45

A Role for Xanthurenic Acid in the Control of Brain Dopaminergic Activity

Taleb, O., Maammar, M., Klein, C., Maître, M., & Mensah‐Nyagan, A. G. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22136974 · Cited by 44

Tryptophan metabolism as a ‘reflex’ feature of neuroimmune communication: Sensor and effector functions for the indoleamine‐2, 3‐dioxygenase kynurenine pathway

Stone, T. W., & Williams, R. O. (2023) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.16015 · Cited by 45

Plasma metabolomics profiles suggest beneficial effects of a low–glycemic load dietary pattern on inflammation and energy metabolism

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Implications of NAD+ Metabolism in the Aging Retina and Retinal Degeneration

Jadeja, R. N., Thounaojam, M. C., Bartoli, M., & Martin, P. M. (2020) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2020/2692794 · Cited by 45

Coordinate regulation of systemic and kidney tryptophan metabolism by the drug transporters OAT1 and OAT3

Granados, J. C., Richelle, A., Gutierrez, J. M., Zhang, P., Zhang, X., Bhatnagar, V., Lewis, N. E., & Nigám, S. K. (2021) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100575 · Cited by 43

Non-Alcoholic Fermentation of Maize (Zea mays) in Sub-Saharan Africa

Mashau, M. E., Maliwichi, L. L., & Jideani, A. I. O. (2021) · Fermentation · doi:10.3390/fermentation7030158 · Cited by 43

Involvement of the kynurenine pathway in breast cancer: updates on clinical research and trials

Girithar, H.-N., Pires, A. S., Ahn, S. B., Guillemin, G. J., Gluch, L., & Heng, B. (2023) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/s41416-023-02245-7 · Cited by 44

Expression of Tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase in Metastatic Uveal Melanoma

Terai, M., Londin, E. R., Rochani, A., Link, E., Lam, B., Kaushal, G., Bhushan, A., Orloff, M. M., & Sato, T. (2020) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers12020405 · Cited by 42

Physical Exercise as Kynurenine Pathway Modulator in Chronic Diseases: Implications for Immune and Energy Homeostasis

Joisten, N., Walzik, D., Metcalfe, A. J., Bloch, W., & Zimmer, P. (2020) · International Journal of Tryptophan Research · doi:10.1177/1178646920938688 · Cited by 46

Tryptophan Intake and Metabolism in Older Adults with Mood Disorders

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NAD+ Metabolism, Metabolic Stress, and Infection

Groth, B., Venkatakrishnan, P., & Lin, S.-J. (2021) · Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences · doi:10.3389/fmolb.2021.686412 · Cited by 42

Kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism in pathophysiology and therapy of major depressive disorder

Badawy, A. A. ‐., Dawood, S., & Bano, S. (2023) · World Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.5498/wjp.v13.i4.141 · Cited by 41

TDO2 Overexpression Is Associated with Cancer Stem Cells and Poor Prognosis in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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Biomarkers of intake for tropical fruits

Vázquez-Manjarrez, N., Ulaszewska, M., Garcia‐Aloy, M., Mattivi, F., Praticò, G., Dragsted, L. O., & Manach, C. (2020) · Genes & Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s12263-020-00670-4 · Cited by 42

The regulation of healthspan and lifespan by dietary amino acids

Babygirija, R., & Lamming, D. W. (2021) · Translational Medicine of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.tma.2021.05.001 · Cited by 43

Gut Microbial Dysbiosis and Cognitive Impairment in Bipolar Disorder: Current Evidence

Dai, W., Liu, J., Yan, Q., Teng, Z., Li, S., Yuan, H., Huang, J., Xiang, H., Tang, H., Wang, B., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.893567 · Cited by 42

Induction of the hepatic aryl hydrocarbon receptor by alcohol dysregulates autophagy and phospholipid metabolism via PPP2R2D

Kim, Y. S., Ko, B., Kim, D. J., Tak, J., Han, C. Y., Cho, J., Kim, W. K., & Kim, S. G. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-33749-0 · Cited by 41

The kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism: a neglected therapeutic target of COVID-19 pathophysiology and immunotherapy

Badawy, A. A. ‐. (2023) · Bioscience Reports · doi:10.1042/bsr20230595 · Cited by 43

L-Kynurenine participates in cancer immune evasion by downregulating hypoxic signaling in T lymphocytes

Schlichtner, S., Yasinska, I. M., Klenova, E. M., Abooali, M., Lall, G. S., Berger, S., Ruggiero, S., Cholewa, D., Milošević, M., Gibbs, B. F., et al. (2023) · OncoImmunology · doi:10.1080/2162402x.2023.2244330 · Cited by 40

Microbial modulation of tryptophan metabolism links gut microbiota to disease and its treatment

Zhao, P., Chen, Y., Zhou, S., & Li, F. (2025) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2025.107896 · Cited by 40

Protein deficiency reduces efficacy of oral attenuated human rotavirus vaccine in a human infant fecal microbiota transplanted gnotobiotic pig model

Miyazaki, A., Kandasamy, S., Michael, H., Langel, S. N., Paim, F. C., Chepngeno, J., Alhamo, M. A., Fischer, D. D., Huang, H., Srivastava, V., et al. (2018) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.09.008 · Cited by 40

Neopterin Levels and Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Activity as Biomarkers of Immune System Activation and Childhood Allergic Diseases

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Altered Tryptophan Catabolism in Placentas From Women With Pre-eclampsia

Keaton, S. A., Heilman, P. L., Bryleva, E. Y., Madaj, Z., Krzyżanowski, S., Grit, J. L., Miller, E. S., Jälmby, M., Kalapotharakos, G., Racicot, K. E., et al. (2019) · International Journal of Tryptophan Research · doi:10.1177/1178646919840321 · Cited by 41

Tryptophan Co-Metabolism at the Host-Pathogen Interface

Costantini, C., Bellet, M. M., Renga, G., Stincardini, C., Borghi, M., Pariano, M., Cellini, B., Keller, N. P., Romani, L. R., & Zelante, T. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.00067 · Cited by 44

The Complex Molecular Picture of Gut and Oral Microbiota–Brain-Depression System: What We Know and What We Need to Know

Scassellati, C., Marizzoni, M., Cattane, N., Lopizzo, N., Mombelli, E., Riva, M. A., & Cattaneo, A. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.722335 · Cited by 40

Analysis of the Long-Lived Responses Induced by Immunostimulants and Their Effects on a Viral Infection in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Álvarez-Rodríguez, M., Pereiro, P., Reyes‐López, F. E., Tort, L., Figueras, A. J., & Novoa, B. (2018) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.01575 · Cited by 41

The kynurenine pathway presents multi-faceted metabolic vulnerabilities in cancer

Léon-Letelier, R. A., Dou, R., Vykoukal, J. V., Sater, A. H. A., Ostrin, E. J., Hanash, S., & Fahrmann, J. F. (2023) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2023.1256769 · Cited by 40

Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase inhibitory activities of tryptanthrin derivatives

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Application of RRLC-QTOF-MS-based metabonomics and UPE for investigating Spleen-Qi deficiency syndrome with Panax ginseng treatment

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Immunotherapy of COVID-19 with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors: starting with nicotinamide

Badawy, A. A. ‐. (2020) · Bioscience Reports · doi:10.1042/bsr20202856 · Cited by 39

Changes in Tryptophan Metabolism on Serotonin and Kynurenine Pathways in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Chojnacki, C. J., Błońska, A., Konrad, P., Chojnacki, M., Podogrocki, M., & Popławski, T. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15051262 · Cited by 40

PTSD, Immune System, and Inflammation

Pivac, N., Vuić, B., Šagud, M., Erjavec, G. N., Perković, M. N., Konjevod, M., Tudor, L., Štrac, D. Š., Uzun, S., Kozumplik, O., et al. (2023) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-981-19-7376-5_11 · Cited by 38

Midbrain FA initiates neuroinflammation and depression onset in both acute and chronic LPS-induced depressive model mice

Zhao, D., Wu, Y., Zhao, H., Zhang, F., Wang, J., Liu, Y., Lin, J., Huang, Y., Pan, W., Qi, J., et al. (2024) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2024.02.004 · Cited by 38

The implications of vitamin content in the plasma in reference to the parameters of carbohydrate metabolism and hormone and lipid profiles in PCOS

Szczuko, M., Hawryłkowicz, V., Kikut, J., & Drozd, A. (2019) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105570 · Cited by 38

Dysregulation at multiple points of the kynurenine pathway is a ubiquitous feature of renal cancer: implications for tumour immune evasion

Hornigold, N., Dunn, K. R., Craven, R. A., Zougman, A., Trainor, S., Shreeve, R. L., Brown, J., Sewell, H., Shires, M., Knowles, M. A., et al. (2020) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/s41416-020-0874-y · Cited by 42

The Role of the Kynurenine Pathway in the (Patho) physiology of Maternal Pregnancy and Fetal Outcomes: A Systematic Review

van Zundert, S. K. M., Broekhuizen, M., Smit, A. J., van Rossem, L., Mirzaian, M., Willemsen, S. P., Danser, A. J., de Rijke, Y. B., Reiss, I. K. M., Merkus, D., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Tryptophan Research · doi:10.1177/11786469221135545 · Cited by 37

Gut Microbiota Metabolites: Unveiling Their Role in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Fibrosis

Bernardi, F., D’Amico, F., Bencardino, S., Faggiani, I., Fanizza, J., Zilli, A., Parigi, T. L., Allocca, M., Danese, S., & Furfaro, F. (2024) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph17030347 · Cited by 39

The Biology and Biochemistry of Kynurenic Acid, a Potential Nutraceutical with Multiple Biological Effects

Alves, L. D. F., Moore, J. B., & Kell, D. B. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25169082 · Cited by 39

Role of Probiotics in Depression: Connecting Dots of Gut-Brain-Axis Through Hypothalamic-Pituitary Adrenal Axis and Tryptophan/Kynurenic Pathway involving Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase

Tiwari, S., & Paramanik, V. (2025) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-025-04708-9 · Cited by 37

Ozone increases plasma kynurenine-tryptophan ratio and impacts hippocampal serotonin receptor and neurotrophic factor expression: Role of stress hormones

Rose, M., Filiatreault, A., Guénette, J., Williams, A., & Thomson, E. M. (2020) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2020.109483 · Cited by 39

Circulating amino acids and amino acid-related metabolites and risk of breast cancer among predominantly premenopausal women

Zeleznik, O. A., Balasubramanian, R., Zhao, Y., Frueh, L., Jeanfavre, S., Ávila-Pacheco, J., Clish, C. B., Tworoger, S. S., & Eliassen, A. H. (2021) · npj Breast Cancer · doi:10.1038/s41523-021-00262-4 · Cited by 37

Potential Role of Yoga Intervention in the Management of Chronic Non-malignant Pain

Gupta, S., Gautam, S., Kumar, U., Arora, T., & Dada, R. (2022) · Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1155/2022/5448671 · Cited by 40

Urinary Excretion of N1-Methylnicotinamide and N1-Methyl-2-Pyridone-5-Carboxamide and Mortality in Kidney Transplant Recipients

Deen, C. P. J., van der Veen, A., Neto, A. W. G., Geleijnse, J. M., den Berg, K. J. B., Heiner-Fokkema, M. R., Kema, I. P., & Bakker, S. J. L. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12072059 · Cited by 36

Association between metabolites in tryptophan-kynurenine pathway and inflammatory bowel disease: a two-sample Mendelian randomization

Yu, F., Du, Y., Li, C., Zhang, H., Lai, W., Li, S., Ye, Z., Fu, W., Li, S., Li, X., et al. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-50990-9 · Cited by 36

Intake of Bifidobacterium lactis Probio-M8 fermented milk protects against alcoholic liver disease

He, Q., Yang, C., Kang, X., Chen, Y., Zhang, T., Zhang, H., & Kwok, L. (2022) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2021-21265 · Cited by 37

Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites in the Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid Are Associated with Human Aging

Solvang, S.-E. H., Hodge, A. M., Watne, L. O., Cabral-Marques, O., Nordrehaug, J. E., Giles, G. G., Dugué, P., Nygard, O. K., Ueland, P. M., McCann, A., et al. (2022) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2022/5019752 · Cited by 38

Quinoline Quest: Kynurenic Acid Strategies for Next-Generation Therapeutics via Rational Drug Design

Tanaka, M., Szatmári, I., & Vécsei, L. (2025) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph18050607 · Cited by 37

NAD(H) and NADP(H) in plants and mammals

Lu, D., Grant, M., & Lim, B. L. (2025) · Molecular Plant · doi:10.1016/j.molp.2025.05.004 · Cited by 35

Gut microbiota and atherosclerosis

Fusco, W. G., Adolph, T. E., Cammarota, G., Gasbarrini, A., Ianiro, G., & Tilg, H. (2025) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2025-335610 · Cited by 38

Targeting tryptophan availability to tumors: the answer to immune escape?

Badawy, A. A. ‐. (2018) · Immunology and Cell Biology · doi:10.1111/imcb.12168 · Cited by 35

Potent Activation of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase by Polysulfides

Nelp, M. T., Zheng, V., Davis, K. M., Stiefel, W. K. J., & Groves, J. T. (2019) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/jacs.9b07338 · Cited by 37

Indole-3-acetamide from gut microbiota activated hepatic AhR and mediated the remission effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum P101 on alcoholic liver injury in mice

Wang, M., Feng, X., Zhao, Y., Lan, Y., & Xu, H. (2023) · Food & Function · doi:10.1039/d3fo03585a · Cited by 35

Activation of the Kynurenine Pathway in Human Malignancies Can Be Suppressed by the Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Dinaciclib

Riess, C., Schneider, B., Kehnscherper, H., Gesche, J., Irmscher, N., Shokraie, F., Classen, C. F., Wirthgen, E., Domańska, G., Zimpfer, A., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.00055 · Cited by 36

Research progress of 18F labeled small molecule positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agents

Zhang, M., Li, S., Zhang, H., & Xu, H. (2020) · European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112629 · Cited by 34

Galantamine-Memantine Combination and Kynurenine Pathway Enzyme Inhibitors in the Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Bai, M. Y., Lovejoy, D. B., Guillemin, G. J., Kozak, R., Stone, T. W., & Koola, M. M. (2021) · Complex Psychiatry · doi:10.1159/000515066 · Cited by 34

Metabolomics in Autoimmune Diseases: Focus on Rheumatoid Arthritis, Systemic Lupus Erythematous, and Multiple Sclerosis

Yoon, N., Jang, A.-K., Seo, Y., & Jung, B. H. (2021) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo11120812 · Cited by 37

Kynurenine-3-monooxygenase (KMO) broadly inhibits viral infections via triggering NMDAR/Ca2+ influx and CaMKII/ IRF3-mediated IFN-β production

Zhao, J., Chen, J., Wang, C., Liu, Y., Li, M., Li, Y., Li, R., Han, Z., Wang, J., Chen, L., et al. (2022) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1010366 · Cited by 36

Kynurenine pathway abnormalities are state-specific but not diagnosis-specific in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Skorobogatov, K., Autier, V., Foiselle, M., Richard, J., Boukouaci, W., Wu, C., Raynal, S., Carbonne, C., Laukens, K., Meysman, P., et al. (2023) · Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health · doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100584 · Cited by 34

Tryptophan catabolism via the kynurenine pathway regulates infection and inflammation: from mechanisms to biomarkers and therapies

Zhang, J., Liu, Y., Zhi, X., Li, X., Tao, J., Cui, D., & Liu, T. F. (2024) · Inflammation Research · doi:10.1007/s00011-024-01878-5 · Cited by 34

Unveiling the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Antidepressants: A Systematic Review of Human Studies over the Last Decade

Bleibel, L., Sokołowska, P., Henrykowska, G. A., Owczarek, J., & Wiktorowska‐Owczarek, A. (2025) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph18060867 · Cited by 37

Identification of Cerebrospinal Fluid Metabolites as Biomarkers for Enterovirus Meningitis

Ratuszny, D., Sühs, K., Novoselova, N., Kuhn, M., Kaever, V., Skripuletz, T., Pessler, F., & Stangel, M. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20020337 · Cited by 34

The ‘Yin’ and the ‘Yang’ of the kynurenine pathway: excitotoxicity and neuroprotection imbalance in stress-induced disorders

Barone, P. R. (2019) · Behavioural Pharmacology · doi:10.1097/fbp.0000000000000477 · Cited by 37

Fish-oil supplementation decreases Indoleamine-2,3-Dioxygenase expression and increases hippocampal serotonin levels in the LPS depression model

Carabelli, B., Delattre, A. M., Waltrick, A. P. F., Araújo, G., Suchecki, D., Machado, R. B., de Souza, L. E. R., Zanata, S. M., Zanoveli, J. M., & Ferraz, A. C. (2020) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112675 · Cited by 34

Transcriptomic analysis of interferon-γ-regulated genes in endometrial explants and their possible role in regulating maternal endometrial immunity during the implantation period in pigs, a true epitheliochorial placentation species

Yoo, I., Kim, D., Han, J., Lee, S., Hong, M., Jeon, B., Kim, J., & Ka, H. (2020) · Theriogenology · doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.05.045 · Cited by 33

NAD+ Metabolism as an Emerging Therapeutic Target for Cardiovascular Diseases Associated With Sudden Cardiac Death

Xu, W., Li, L., & Zhang, L. (2020) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00901 · Cited by 35

Hypoxia Routes Tryptophan Homeostasis Towards Increased Tryptamine Production

Mohapatra, S. R., Sadik, A., Sharma, S. A., Poschet, G., Gegner, H. M., Lanz, T. V., Lucarelli, P., Klingmüller, U., Platten, M., Heiland, I., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.590532 · Cited by 34

Dietary Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites—Source, Fate, and Chromatographic Determinations

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Microbiota, Tryptophan and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptors as the Target Triad in Parkinson’s Disease—A Narrative Review

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Modulation of Tryptophan and Serotonin Metabolism as a Biochemical Basis of the Behavioral Effects of Use and Withdrawal of Androgenic-Anabolic Steroids and Other Image- and Performance-Enhancing Agents

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Changes in brain kynurenine levels via gut microbiota and gut‐barrier disruption induced by chronic ethanol exposure in mice

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Vitamin B-6 intake is related to physical performance in European older adults: results of the New Dietary Strategies Addressing the Specific Needs of the Elderly Population for Healthy Aging in Europe (NU-AGE) study

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Toward a neuroprotective shift: Eight weeks of high intensity interval training reduces the neurotoxic kynurenine activity concurrently to impulsivity in emotionally impulsive humans – A randomized controlled trial

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Targeting Immunometabolism in Glioblastoma

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Beneficial Effect of Increased Tryptophan Intake on Its Metabolism and Mental State of the Elderly

Chojnacki, C. J., Gąsiorowska, A., Popławski, T., Konrad, P., Chojnacki, M., Fila, M., & Błasiak, J. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15040847 · Cited by 33

Understanding the kynurenine pathway: A narrative review on its impact across chronic pain conditions

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The Complex World of Kynurenic Acid: Reflections on Biological Issues and Therapeutic Strategy

Stone, T. W., Darlington, L. G., Badawy, A. A. ‐., & Williams, R. O. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25169040 · Cited by 34

Multiple Sclerosis and Serotonin: Potential Therapeutic Applications

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Effect of 4-week physical exercises on tryptophan, kynurenine and kynurenic acid content in human sweat

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Beyond the eye: Kynurenine pathway impairment causes midgut homeostasis dysfunction and survival and reproductive costs in blood-feeding mosquitoes

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Kynurenine Pathway—An Underestimated Factor Modulating Innate Immunity in Sepsis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury?

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IDO and TDO inhibitors in cancer immunotherapy: mechanisms, clinical development, and future directions

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Quinolactacin Biosynthesis Involves Non‐Ribosomal‐Peptide‐Synthetase‐Catalyzed Dieckmann Condensation to Form the Quinolone‐γ‐lactam Hybrid

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The versatile biochemistry of iron in macrophage effector functions

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Kynurenines as a Novel Target for the Treatment of Malignancies

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Species Differences in Tryptophan Metabolism and Disposition

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Covid-19 interface with drug misuse and substance use disorders

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Kynurenines as a Novel Target for the Treatment of Inflammatory Disorders

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Impact of neuroinflammation on brain glutamate and dopamine signalling in schizophrenia: an update

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Overview of the Kynurenine Pathway of Tryptophan Metabolism

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Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 make separate, tissue-specific contributions to basal and inflammation-induced kynurenine pathway metabolism in mice

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Simultaneous Measurement of Kynurenine and Tryptophan in Human Plasma and Supernatants of Cultured Human Cells by HPLC with Coulometric Detection

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