Temperament and Character in Adults with Asperger Syndrome
Abstract
To study the personality characteristics of adults with Asperger syndrome, and investigate the value of self-rating personality inventories, we administered the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) to 31 outpatients with Asperger syndrome. The TCI is a self-rating personality inventory that has been validated in the Swedish general population. The results were compared with age- and sex-matched norm groups. Participants with Asperger syndrome scored significantly higher on harm avoidance and lower on self-directedness and cooperativeness. Reward dependence and novelty seeking tended to be low. They also had significantly higher rarity scores, reflecting idiosyncratic perspectives. The most common temperament configurations were ‘obsessional’, ‘passive-dependent’ and ‘explosive’. Character, reflecting conceptual maturity, was poorly developed in the majority of our subjects. The self-ratings of persons with Asperger syndrome thus indicated anxious personalities with coping difficulties in the areas of social interaction and self-directedness, a picture corresponding to the clinical descriptions of Asperger syndrome.
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Individuals with ASD report lower levels of reward responsivity.
“individuals with ASD have been found to report lower levels of reward responsivity [561]”
From Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings (2012) · cites this paper as [561]
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Self-citationReward Devaluation in Autistic Children and Adolescents with Complex Needs: A Feasibility Study
Lambrechts, A., Cook, J. L., Ludvig, E. A., Alonso, E., Anns, S., Taylor, M., & Gaigg, S. (2020) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.2388 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Evidence-Based Instruction for Children with Asperger Syndrome
DuCharme, R. W. (2003) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-8883-6_3 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Gracey, C. D. (2011) · Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) · Cited by 2 · see citing works
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What Do We Know about Character Strengths in Autistic People? A Systematic Review
Lei, J., & Krouzkova, D. (2026) · Current Developmental Disorders Reports · doi:10.1007/s40474-025-00342-1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Abadie, P. (2013) · Santé mentale au Québec · doi:10.7202/1014950ar · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Bedoya, D. M., Borreguero, P. M., & Moreno, J. V. (2014) · Revista de la Asociación Española de Neuropsiquiatría · doi:10.4321/s0211-57352014000400004 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Hva kan vi lære av å lytte til personer med en autismespektertilstand?
Kaland, N. (2008) · Norsk pedagogisk tidsskrift · doi:10.18261/issn1504-2987-2008-02-06 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Vuijk, R., de Nijs, P., Arntz, A. R., & Geurts, H. M. (2022) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-022-05521-2 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
FAMILIARITY AND AFFECT IN ADOLESCENTS WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER
Filliter, J. (2014) · DalSpace (Dalhousie University) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Evaluating Evidence-Based Instruction for Children with Asperger Syndrome
DuCharme, R. W. (2013) · Issues in children's and families' lives · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-7016-8_6
AD/HD and autism spectrum disorders in adults
Hofvander, B. (2009) · Lund University Publications (Lund University)
SPIRITUAL DIRECTION FOR ADULTS WITH ASPERGER'S SYNDROME
Naughtin, P. J. (2011)
Petrides, K. V., Hudry, K., Michalaria, G., Swami, V., & Sevdalis, N. (2012)
Asperger syndrome in males over two decades
Helles, A. (2016) · Gothenburg University Publications Electronic Archive (Gothenburg University)
- Authors
- Soderstrom, H., Rastam, M., & Gillberg, C.
- Affiliations
- Göteborg University, Sweden,
- Göteborg University, Sweden
- University of Gothenburg (SE)
- Venue
- Autism
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2002-09
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 287-297
- ISSN
- 1362-3613 (ISSN-L)
- 1461-7005
- OpenAlex
- W2123287469
- Cited by
- 116
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 1.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Autism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Göteborgs Läkaresällskap
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Keywords
- Asperger syndrome, temperament, character, Temperament and Character Inventory, self-report personality assessment, harm avoidance, self-direction, cooperativeness, reward dependence, novelty seeking, social interaction difficulties
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Character, Cooperative Behavior, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Personality Disorders, Personality Inventory, Temperament, Asperger Syndrome
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