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Screening for autism spectrum disorders in primary care settings
Open accessAbstract
The need for autism-specific screening during pediatric well-child visits has been established. However, additional support for specific screening instruments is needed. The current study used the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M—CHAT) and the M—CHAT Follow-Up Interview to screen 4797 children during toddler checkups. Of the 4797 cases, 466 screened positive on the M—CHAT; of the 362 who completed the follow-up interview, 61 continued to show risk for autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). A total of 41 children have been evaluated; 21 children have been diagnosed with ASD, 17 were classified with non-ASD delays, and three were typically developing. The PPV of M—CHAT plus interview was .57. It is notable that only four of the 21 cases of ASD were flagged by their pediatrician. These findings suggest that the M—CHAT is effective in identifying ASD in primary care settings. Future research will follow this sample longitudinally.
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Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 237
A Six‐Minute Measure of Vocalizations in Toddlers with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Tenenbaum, E. J., Carpenter, K. L. H., Sabatos‐DeVito, M., Hashemi, J., Vermeer, S., Sapiro, G., & Dawson, G. (2020) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.2293 · Cited by 20
“When screening does occur, it is often based on parent report questionnaires such as the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised with Follow-Up (M-CHAT-R/F; Robins, 2008; Robins et al., 2014).”
BackgroundMethodPizur‐Barnekow, K., Muusz, M., McKenna, C., O’Connor, E., & Cutler, A. T. (2012) · Topics in Early Childhood Special Education · doi:10.1177/0271121412463086 · Cited by 20
“Several standardized autism-specific screening instruments exist to aid physicians in early identification of ASD, such as the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (Dumont-Mathieu & Fein, 2005; Robins, 2008; Robins, Fein, Barton, & Green, 2001) and the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales: Developmental Pro…”
BackgroundThe challenges of screening pre-school children for autism spectrum disorders in Iran
Samadi, S. A., Mohammad, M. P., Ghanimi, F., & McConkey, R. (2016) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.3109/09638288.2015.1107637 · Cited by 20
“This was to clarify parental responses as such interviews had been shown to improve the predictive validity of a self-completed screening tool.[20] All those parents whose children had screened positive after the interview were invited to attend for a further diagnostic assessment with the trained assessors using GARS.”
BackgroundMethodSrisinghasongkram, P., Pruksananonda, C., & Chonchaiya, W. (2016) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-016-2876-4 · Cited by 20
“Changes in the wording and nature of the items described in our semi-structured interview may also result in some discrepancy from the original structured M-CHAT follow-up interview recommended by Robins (2008).”
InfluentialModified checklist for autism in toddlers cross-cultural adaptation for Argentina
Gómez, J. L. C., Manzone, L. A., & de la Paz, M. P. (2015) · International Journal of Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1179/2047387715y.0000000006 · Cited by 19
“Furthermore, the frequency of the cases observed in a size of population not increased suggests that the implementation of measures of early detection proves efficient in the screening of ASD in pediatric controls and in primary health attention centers (Robins 2008).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialEarly Detection of Autism Spectrum Disorders
Dixon, D. R., Granpeesheh, D., Tarbox, J., & Smith, M. N. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-8065-6_12 · Cited by 19
Carroll, A. E., Saha, C., Downs, S. M., & Bauer, N. S. (2015) · Applied Clinical Informatics · doi:10.4338/aci-2014-09-ra-0084 · Cited by 18
“These include clinical care guidelines [5, 6] and a brief, validated screening tool that can identify risk of autism as early as 18 months of age.[7] However, despite the existence of these tools, physicians find it hard to integrate these processes along with anticipatory guidance and other competing guidelines for r…”
BackgroundMethodCommentary on USPSTF Final Statement on Universal Screening for Autism
FEIN, D. A. (2016) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/dbp.0000000000000345 · Cited by 18
Wright, K., & Poulin‐Dubois, D. (2011) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2011.04.004 · Cited by 18
Use of the Chinese version modified checklist for autism in toddlers in a high-risk sample in Taiwan
Wong, Y. S., Yang, C., Stewart, L., Chiang, C., Wu, C., & Iao, L. (2018) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2018.01.010 · Cited by 17
“Screening tools for ASD can be divided into two levels (Robins, 2008).”
BackgroundMethodThe Clinician’s Guide to Autism
Harrington, J. W., & Allen, K. (2014) · Pediatrics In Review · doi:10.1542/pir.35.2.62 · Cited by 16
Autism-risk screening in the first 3 years of life in Taiwan Birth Cohort Pilot Study
Lung, F., Chiang, T., Lin, S.-J., & Shu, B. (2011) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2011.01.024 · Cited by 16
Le dépistage précoce de l’autisme : Quelle faisabilité ?
Rogé, B., Chabrol, H., & Ünsaldi-Cordier, I. (2009) · Enfance · doi:10.4074/s0013754509001049 · Cited by 23
Shahrokhi, H., Ghiasi, A., Gholipour, K., Fanid, L. M., Shamekhi, H., & Iezadi, S. (2021) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-021-03061-0 · Cited by 17
“able to have a successful and effective screening program for ASD [18].”
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Pino-López, M., & Ayuso, D. M. R. (2013) · Revista Española de Salud Pública · doi:10.4321/s1135-57272013000100008 · Cited by 16
Research Collaboration with 2-1-1 to Eliminate Health Disparities
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Matheis, M., & Matson, J. L. (2015) · Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities · doi:10.1007/s10882-015-9449-x · Cited by 15
“2011), frequent use of non-standardized screening procedures (Radecki et al. 2011; Robins 2008), and inconsistent referrals for further evaluation (Montes and Halterman 2011; Strickland et al.”
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A Comparison Between Two Screening Approaches for ASD Among Toddlers in Israel
Kerub, O., Haas, E. J., Meiri, G., Davidovitch, N., & Menashe, I. (2018) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-018-3711-x · Cited by 14
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BackgroundImplementation of M-CHAT Screening for Autism in Primary Care in Saudi Arabia
Alawami, A. H., Perrin, E. C., & Sakai, C. (2019) · Global Pediatric Health · doi:10.1177/2333794x19852021 · Cited by 14
“As has been reported based on the use of the M-CHAT in the United States, positive M-CHAT in our study also detected other delays (eg, speech delay) and psychological difficulties (eg, social anxiety).(19) This highlights that children with false-positive screening results are an at-risk group for which diagnostic eva…”
BackgroundResultAssessing early communication skills at 12 months: a retrospective study of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Swain, N., Eadie, P. A., Prior, M. R., & Reilly, S. (2015) · International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders · doi:10.1111/1460-6984.12150 · Cited by 15
Ben‐Sasson, A., Habib, S. A., & Tirosh, E. (2013) · Journal of Pediatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.pedn.2013.11.001 · Cited by 14
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JOnG! Theoretische achtergronden, onderzoeksopzet en verloop van het eerste meetmoment
Grietens, H. W. E., Hoppenbrouwers, K., Desoete, A., Wiersema, J. R., & Leeuwen, K. G. V. (2010) · Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) · Cited by 12
Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up (M-CHAT-R/F), also M-CHAT
Robins, D. L., & FEIN, D. A. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_1569 · Cited by 12
Self-citationVui, L. T., Minh, D. D., Quỳnh, N. T., Giang, N. T. H., Thanh, V. T., Ha, B. T. T., & Minh, H. V. (2021) · Journal of Public Health Research · doi:10.4081/jphr.2021.2460 · Cited by 11
Does the M-Chat-R Give Important Information for the Diagnosis of the Autism Spectrum Disorder?
Pop-Jordanova, N. D., & Zorčec, T. (2021) · PRILOZI · doi:10.2478/prilozi-2021-0005 · Cited by 11
Siller, M., Morgan, L., Swanson, M. R., & Hotez, E. (2013) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/53715 · Cited by 11
“To date, the ASD-specific screening measure that has been adopted most widely in primary care settings is the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT; [47, 58, 59].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialRonconi, L., Cantiani, C., Riva, V., Franchin, L., Bettoni, R., Gori, S., Bulf, H., Valenza, E., & Facoetti, A. (2024) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhae089 · Cited by 10
Felix, G., Deavenport‐Saman, A., Stavros, S., Farboodi, N., Durazo-Arvizu, R., Garcia, J., Yin, L., & Gera, M. P. (2024) · Maternal and Child Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10995-024-03970-y · Cited by 10
“The M-CHAT-R is a validated parent questionnaire used to screen for autism in children ages 16 to 30 months (Robins, 2008 ; Robins et al., 2014; Beacham et al., 2018 ).”
MethodCarvalho, F. A., Paula, C. S., Teixeira, M. C. T. V., Zaqueu, L. D. C. C., & D’Antino, M. E. F. (2013) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) · Cited by 10
Confiabilidad interevaluador del K-SADS-PL-2009/trastornos del espectro autista (TEA)
Zavaleta-Ramírez, P., Ulloa, R. E., & Albores‐Gallo, L. (2014) · Salud Mental · doi:10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2014.055 · Cited by 10
Hus, Y. (2017) · Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica · doi:10.1159/000477398 · Cited by 12
Allaby, M., & Sharma, M. (2011) · Cited by 10
Manzone, L. A. (2013) · Psicodebate · doi:10.18682/pd.v13i0.363 · Cited by 10
“Estos hallazgos sugieren que el M-CHAT es eficaz en la identificación de TEA para la atención primaria (Robins, 2008).”
BackgroundSCREENING AND DIAGNOSIS OF AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS
Nygren, G. (2012) · Gothenburg University Publications Electronic Archive (Gothenburg University) · Cited by 10
Screening Measures in Integrated Behavioral Health and Primary Care Settings
Talen, M. R., Baumer, J. G., & Mann, M. M. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6889-9_12 · Cited by 10
The Treatment Validity of Autism Screening Instruments
Livanis, A., & Mouzakitis, A. (2010) · Assessment for Effective Intervention · doi:10.1177/1534508410381041 · Cited by 10
“Some of the more commonly administered Level 1 assessment instruments are the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT; Robins, 2008; Robins, Fein, Barton, & Green, 2001) and the Early Screening for Autistic Traits (ESAT; Swinkels et al., 2006).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialRescorla, L. A., Given, C., Glynn, S. S., Ivanova, M. Y., & Achenbach, T. M. (2019) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361319839151 · Cited by 9
“Using a sample of 16,071 US children, Robins et al. (2014) found that different M-CHAT cutoffs yielded widely different sensitivity/positive predictive value (SENS/PPV) results (e.g. from 0.91/0.14 to 0.67/0.51).”
BackgroundInfluentialToddler autism screening questionnaire: Development and potential clinical validity
Tsai, W., Soong, W., & Shyu, Y. L. (2012) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361311429694 · Cited by 9
“The M-CHAT effectively identified ASD during toddler check-ups, but could not differentiate ASD and other non-ASD delays (Robins, 2008).”
BackgroundMacArthur Competence Assessment Tools
Schaefer, L. A. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/springerreference_184303 · Cited by 9
The Developmental Autism Early Screening (DAES): A Novel Test for Screening Autism Spectrum Disorder
Cirnigliaro, L., Valle, M. S., Casabona, A., Randazzo, M., Bruna, F. L., Pettinato, F., Narzisi, A., Rizzo, R., & Barone, R. M. E. (2023) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-023-06184-3 · Cited by 8
Iskrov, G. G., Vasilev, G., Mitev, M., Nikolova, R., Stoykova, M., & Stefanov, R. S. (2019) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-019-04170-2 · Cited by 8
“In this context, a national program could help enhance local practice and use of standardized ASD instruments (Robins 2008; Herlihy et al.”
BackgroundInfluentialGarg, P. (2015) · JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH · doi:10.7860/jcdr/2015/13248.6651 · Cited by 8
“Robins demonstrated the utility of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) by screening 4797 toddlers and identified 61 children with ASDs in follow up [24].”
MethodPerceptions on Screening for Developmental Disabilities and Autism in Childcare Settings
Uzonyi, T. E., Page, J. M., DuBay, M., & Crais, E. R. (2022) · Infants & Young Children · doi:10.1097/iyc.0000000000000213 · Cited by 7
“…first line of defense in leading to early identification of developmental disabilities and ASD, providing a unique opportunity to alert primary care physicians, other health care providers, and parents to developmental concerns that require further consideration (Crais et al., 2014; Robins, 2008).”
BackgroundMcFayden, T. C., Culbertson, S. R., DeRamus, M., Kramer, C., Roush, J., & Mankowski, J. (2023) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/17456916231178711 · Cited by 9
Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up (M-CHAT-R/F), also M-CHAT
Robins, D. L., & FEIN, D. A. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-56782-2_1569-2 · Cited by 7
Self-citationAtypical social development in neonatal intensive care unit survivors at 12 months
Yamada, Y., Yoshida, F., Hemmi, H., Ito, M., Kakita, H., Yoshikawa, T., Hishida, M., Iguchi, T., Seo, T., & Nakanishi, K. (2011) · Pediatrics International · doi:10.1111/j.1442-200x.2011.03367.x · Cited by 6
Screening for Autism Spectrum Disorders During Well-Child Visits in a Primary Care Setting
Webb, P. L. (2011) · The Journal for Nurse Practitioners · doi:10.1016/j.nurpra.2010.07.008 · Cited by 6
Gardner, L. M., Erkfritz-Gay, K. N., Campbell, J. M., Bradley, T. L., & Murphy, L. E. (2016) · Autism and child psychopathology series · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-27171-2_3 · Cited by 6
Le dépistage précoce du trouble du spectre de l’autisme chez les jeunes enfants
Zwaigenbaum, L., Brian, J. A., & Ip, A. (2019) · Paediatrics & Child Health · doi:10.1093/pch/pxz120 · Cited by 6
“, l’outil M-CHAT et la grille de développement de la communication chez le jeune enfant en bas âge [ITC]) permettent de dépister le TSA plus tôt et de manière plus constante (49,50).”
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Han, Y. L., Sulaiman, W. S. W., Badayai, A. R. A., & Nor, H. A. M. (2023) · Frontiers in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/frcha.2023.1221933 · Cited by 6
Trastornos del espectro autista y exposiciones ocupacionales de los progenitores
Pino-López, M., & Ayuso, D. M. R. (2013) · Revista Española de Salud Pública · doi:10.1590/s1135-57272013000100008 · Cited by 5
La démarche et les outils d’évaluation clinique du trouble du spectre de l’autisme à l’ère du DSM-5
Bolduc, M., & Poirier, N. (2017) · Revue de psychoéducation · doi:10.7202/1039682ar · Cited by 14
“Cet outil a démontré des niveaux de cohérence interne de 85 %, de sensibilité de 71 %, de spécificité de 88 % et de valeur prédictive positive de 68 % chez des enfants âgés entre 18 et 30 mois (Robins et al., 2001; Robins, 2008).”
BackgroundLau, D. S. C., Ismail, J., Latiff, Z. A., & Lope, R. J. R. (2019) · Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health · doi:10.51407/mjpch.v25i1.39 · Cited by 5
“The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (MCHAT) is a 23-item yes/no parent-report checklist that was adapted from the Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (CHAT) [8-10].”
MethodNwokolo, E. U., Langdon, P. E., & Murphy, G. H. (2022) · Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s40489-022-00342-6 · Cited by 8
“…can be done in any setting, such as the community (Kopp & Gillberg, 2011), schools (Suhail & Zafar, 2008; Webb et al., 2003), primary care settings (Robins, 2008; Barton et al., 2012; Gura et al., 2011; Limbos et al., 2011), urban settings (Gue-vara et al., 2013), the criminal justice system…”
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“The Medical Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) is an evidence-based screening tool for autism spectrum conditions (Robins, 2008; Robins, Fein, Barton, & Green, 2001).”
MethodBlurring Boundaries, Continuing Change
(2016) · International review of research in developmental disabilities · doi:10.1016/bs.irrdd.2016.05.001 · Cited by 5
Holanda, N. S. D. O., da Costa, L. D. O., Sampaio, S. S. S., Filho, G. G. D. F., Fagundes, R. B. B., Azevedo, I. G., & Pereira, S. A. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17207675 · Cited by 5
“However, identifying the early signs of ASD and possible signs of delayed neuropsychomotor development stimulates strategies to understand the variables involved in these conditions, contributing to the adoption of preventive actions and early intervention [35,36].”
BackgroundValidation non-English version of modified checklist for autism in toddlers-revised with follow-up
Nukeshtayeva, K., Lubchenko, M., Omarkulov, B. K., & Delellis, N. O. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine of Kazakhstan · doi:10.23950/jcmk/11041 · Cited by 5
“Only 4 out of 21 cases of ASD have been reported by primary health care providers, suggesting the need for additional use of appropriate screening methods [7].”
BackgroundHerlihy, L. E. (2014) · OpenCommons at University of Connecticut (University of Connecticut) · Cited by 5
Predictors of Screening and Referral Practices for Autism among Canadian Family Physicians
Berenstein, A. (2012) · Scholarship at UWindsor (University of Windsor) · Cited by 5
Gender differences in core symptomatology in autism spectrum disorders across the lifespan
Taylor, T. (2010) · Louisiana State University · doi:10.31390/gradschool_dissertations.2273 · Cited by 5
Screening for Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children up to Age 2.5 years in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Farooq, A., & Ahmed, S. (2020) · Life and Science · doi:10.37185/lns.1.1.74 · Cited by 4
Large-Scale Use of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Low-Risk Toddlers
(2013) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2012-1525d · Cited by 4
The Production of Autism Diagnoses within an Institutional Network: Towards a Theory of Diagnosis
Rossi, N. T. (2012) · Columbia Academic Commons (Columbia University) · doi:10.7916/d8m90gpg · Cited by 3
Pediatric Screening of Autism Spectrum Disorders
Miller, J. S., Pandey, J., & Berry, L. N. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-4788-7_13 · Cited by 3
Dominique Martí, C., Aranda, W., & Eblén-Zajjur, A. (2022) · Archivos de Neurociencias · doi:10.31157/an.v27i1.304 · Cited by 3
Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT): Validation and Correlates in Infancy
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Universal Screening for Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Snapshot Within the Big Picture
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The development of a brief screener for autism using item response theory
Mårland, C., Lubke, G. H., Degl’Innocenti, A., Råstam, M., Gillberg, C., Nilsson, T., & Lundström, S. (2019) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-019-2333-y · Cited by 3
“Robins [36] reported that out of 21 children diagnosed with ASD only four were identified by health-care providers as suitable for further psychiatric assessment.”
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Autism Screening or Smoke Screen and Mirrors?
Powell, C. M. (2016) · JAMA Neurology · doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2016.0126 · Cited by 3
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Quon, J. L., Jin, M. C., Seekins, J. M., & Yeom, K. W. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821259-2.00021-1 · Cited by 2
Sameea, A. A., El-Wahab, E. W. A., & Osman, S. O. (2024) · Global Pediatric Health · doi:10.1177/2333794x241284476 · Cited by 2
Juechter, J. I. (2022) · Digital Archive @ GSU · doi:10.57709/3089580 · Cited by 2
Translating Between Research and Practice in Serving Infants at Risk for ASD
Watson, L. R., & Crais, E. R. (2013) · Perspectives on Language Learning and Education · doi:10.1044/lle20.1.4 · Cited by 3
Autism screening and diagnostic evaluation
Reber, M. E. (2012) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511978616.008 · Cited by 2
Walter, H. J., & DeMaso, D. R. (2011) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4377-0755-7.00018-x · Cited by 2
Ip, A., Dupuis, A., Anagnostou, E. A., Loh, A., Dodds, T. J., Munoz, A., & Smile, S. (2019) · Paediatrics & Child Health · doi:10.1093/pch/pxz150 · Cited by 2
“In a study of the M-CHAT in the primary care setting, only 4 of the 21 children identified through screening and diagnosed with ASD were initially flagged by their paediatrician (15).”
BackgroundModified checklist for autism in toddlers, revised, with follow-up application in Central Kazakhstan
Nukeshtayeva, K., Lyubchenko, M. Y., Omarkulov, B. K., & Delellis, N. O. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Medicine of Kazakhstan · doi:10.23950/jcmk/11574 · Cited by 3
Alkherainej, K. (2012) · Scholars' Bank (University of Oregon) · Cited by 2
Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) also CHAT
Robins, D. L., & FEIN, D. A. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_1569 · Cited by 2
Self-citationThe Utility of the R-ABC in Assessing Risk for Autism Compared With the M-CHAT: An Exploratory Study
Justus, S. A., Singleton, J. L., & Rozga, A. (2024) · Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1177/10883576241232904 · Cited by 1
“Much of this work is naturally embedded within clinical settings, with surveillance studies frequently acquiring data from pediatrician referrals (e.g., Robins, 2008).”
META-ANALYSIS OF IDENTIFICATION TOOLS FOR AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER
Ali, H. H., Mohsin, M. N., & Nazir, D. M. (2025) · Kashf Journal of Multidisciplinary Research · doi:10.71146/kjmr437 · Cited by 1
Understanding of Autism and the Diagnostic Process in Uzbekistan: Mothers’ Perspectives
Asaro‐Saddler, K., Hamsho, N. F., Uzoqova, M., & Ghazali, H. (2025) · Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities · doi:10.1177/15407969251343493 · Cited by 1
“The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers ([M-CHAT]; Robins, 2008) is a popular tool used in autism assessments worldwide (Aishworiya et al., 2023), likely due to its availability in 82 languages and feasible administration (i.e., 20 close-ended questions).”
Miller, L. E., & Glad, D. M. (2025) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-025-07074-6 · Cited by 1
Harrison, A. J., Bowman, K. L., Bub, K. L., Brown, J. A., Lieberman‐Betz, R. G., & Vail, C. O. (2025) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-025-07154-7 · Cited by 1
Fessenden, V. M. (2020) · Digital Scholarship - UNLV (University of Nevada Reno) · doi:10.34917/4478237 · Cited by 1
Kamio, Y., & Inada, N. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-4788-7_165 · Cited by 1
Developmental Approaches to Understanding and Treating Autism
Charman, T. (2014) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511920165.016 · Cited by 1
Sivberg, B. V., Lundqvist, P., Johanson, I., Nordström, B. M., & Persson, B. A. (2015) · Early Child Development and Care · doi:10.1080/03004430.2015.1029469 · Cited by 1
“Screening for ASCs in primary health-care settings was performed by Robins as early as 2008 by using the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-Chat) and following the M-Chat with an interview (Robins, 2008).”
MethodResultInfluentialSalim, H., Soetjiningsih, S., Windiani, I. G. A. T., Widiana, I. G. R., & ASPR, P. (2020) · Paediatrica Indonesiana · doi:10.14238/pi60.3.2020.160-6 · Cited by 1
Can lung airway geometry be used to predict autism? A preliminary machine learning‐based study
Islam, A., Ronco, A., Becker, S. M., Blackburn, J., Schittny, J. C., Kim, K., Stein‐Wexler, R., & Wexler, A. S. (2023) · The Anatomical Record · doi:10.1002/ar.25332 · Cited by 1
“Although the prevalence of ASD appears to be increasing, the average age of diagnosis remains static at 3 years of age (Center for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2007; Robins, 2008).”
BackgroundDiagnosis: screening, surveillance, assessment, and formulation
Penner, M., Zwaigenbaum, L., & Roberts, W. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-03056-2_2 · Cited by 1
Applications to Screen Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Saikaew, K. R., Chaipah, K., Taweepworadej, W., Feungchan, W., Siangsanan, K., Saibuatong, J., Asawamenakul, C., Chaiudomsom, K., Patjanasoontorn, N., Suphakunpinyo, C., et al. (2019) · International Computer Science and Engineering Conference · doi:10.1109/icsec47112.2019.8974755 · Cited by 1
“Recent studies are demonstrating the reliability and validity of the test, especially when combined with collaboration from medical staff [4], [5], [6].”
BackgroundRuel, A., Chiarella, S. S., Crivello, C., & Poulin‐Dubois, D. (2020) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-020-04379-6 · Cited by 1
“For instance, results of a large-scale screening study conducted by clinicians on 4797 18- to 24-month-old infants revealed a positive predictive 1 3 value (PPV) of 0.57 for the M-CHAT (Robins 2008).”
MethodResultInfluentialMeta-Analysis of Diagnostic Accuracy of M-CHAT by Categorical Rank of Clinical Diagnosis
Olmstead, J. (2022) · Digital Archive @ GSU · doi:10.57709/17621674 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Robins, D. L.
- Affiliations
- Georgia State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Robins, Diana L.
- ORCID
- Robins, Diana L.
- Venue
- Autism
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2008-09
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 537-556
- ISSN
- 1362-3613 (ISSN-L)
- 1461-7005
- PMC
- PMC4732522
- OpenAlex
- W2158062042
- Cited by
- 239
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 5.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Autism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R56HD035612)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family and Disability Support Research
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, autism screening, M-CHAT, primary care, toddlers, positive predictive value, screening tool, developmental delay
- MeSH terms
- Autistic Disorder, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Mass Screening, Primary Health Care
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