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Cited by 199EFL/ESL Teaching and LearningCommunication in Education and HealthcareSecond Language Acquisition and Learning

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 61 of the 62 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The effect of multilingualism, sociobiographical, and situational factors on communicative anxiety and foreign language anxiety of mature language learners

Dewaele, Jean-Marc·2007·International Journal of Bilingualism
DOI 10.1177/13670069070110040301
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Abstract

The present study focuses on individual differences in levels of communicative anxiety (CA) and foreign language anxiety (FLA) in the first (L1), second (L2), third (L3) and fourth (L4) language of 106 adult language learners. Data were collected about CA/FLA levels when speaking with friends, with strangers, and speaking in public. The analyses revealed that multilinguals do experience more CA in stressful situations in their L1, but that levels of FLA are higher in languages learnt later in life. The knowledge of more languages was linked to lower levels of FLA in the L2. Female participants were only found to experience higher levels of CA in L1 public speech. Older participants tended to report higher levels of CA/FLA across languages. Rank orders for CA/FLA were significantly similar across the L1, L2, L3, and L4, which suggests that levels of CA/FLA are relatively stable and could be linked to a lower order personality trait such as emotional intelligence.

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Show all 62 references

Research works printed but not linked: 10

  1. Curran, C.A., 1976, Counselling-learning in second languages. Apple River, IL
  2. Dewaele, J.-M., 2001, Web questionnaire on bilingualism and emotion
  3. Dewaele, J.-M., 2008, Language Learning, 58
  4. Furnham, A., 1998, Personality and social behaviour
  5. Macintyre, P.D. (1999). Language anxiety: A review of the research for language teachers. In D. J. Young (Ed.), Affect in foreign language and second language teaching: A practical guide to creating a low-anxiety classroom atmosphere (pp.24-45). Boston : Mc Graw-Hill.
  6. Macintyre, P.D., 1994, Studies in SecondLanguageAcquisition, 16, 1
  7. Phillips, E.M., 1991, French Review, 65, 1
  8. Seo, M.-G., 2004, Academy of Management, 29, 423
  9. Sia, J., 2006, Birkbeck Studies in Applied Linguistics, 1, 1
  10. Sparks, R.-L., 1998, Language Testing, 15, 181

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Metadata

Authors
Dewaele, J.-M.
Affiliations
Birkbeck, University of London (GB)
Corresponding author
Dewaele, Jean-Marc
ORCID
Dewaele, Jean-Marc
Venue
International Journal of Bilingualism
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2007-12
Volume
11
Issue
4
Pages
391-409
ISSN
  • 1367-0069 (ISSN-L)
  • 1756-6878
DOI
10.1177/13670069070110040301
OpenAlex
W2035901651
Cited by
199
References
62
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 11
FWCI
14.41
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations
  • International Journal of Bilingualism (publishedVersion)
  • BIROn (Birkbeck, University of London) (acceptedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Communication in Education and Healthcare
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Second Language Acquisition and Learning
Keywords
communication apprehension, foreign language anxiety, multilingualism, adult language learners, individual differences, situational factors, language order, emotional intelligence, public speaking anxiety, gender differences, age differences

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