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A Quality Study of a Medical Birth Registry
Abstract
A quality control study was made of the Swedish Medical Birth Registry. This registry used one mode of data collection during 1973-1981 and another from 1982 onwards. The number of errors in the register was checked by comparing register information with a sample of the original medical records, and the variability in the use of diagnoses between hospitals was studied. Different types of errors were identified and quantified and the efficiency of the two methods of data collection evaluated.
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“We based our study on the Swedish Medical Birth Register (MBR), which contains approximately 99% of all deliveries occurring in the country [28].”
From The effect of swedish snuff (snus) on offspring birthweight: a sibling analysis (2013) · cites this paper as [28]
In the citing paper
“Our analyses are based on a nationwide birth registry covering nearly 99% of the deliveries occurring in Sweden [28].”
From The effect of swedish snuff (snus) on offspring birthweight: a sibling analysis (2013) · cites this paper as [28]
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Jacobsson, B., Ladfors, L., & Milsom, I. (2004) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1097/01.aog.0000140682.63746.be · Cited by 704
“Maternal complications during pregnancy are considered to be of acceptable quality.12 The women included in the study are part of the homogenous, low-risk population typical for Sweden.”
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Self-citationNordic Health Registry-Based Research: A Review of Health Care Systems and Key Registries
Laugesen, K., Ludvigsson, J. F., Schmidt, M., Gissler, M., Valdimarsdóttir, U. A., Lunde, A., & Sørensen, H. T. (2021) · Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.2147/clep.s314959 · Cited by 546
Perinatal outcome in SGA births defined by customised versus population-based birthweight standards
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Self-citationEffects of gestational weight gain and body mass index on obstetric outcome in Sweden
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“Description and validation of the register content are available [13,14].”
BackgroundThrombotic risk during pregnancy: a population study
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Obstetric and Perinatal Outcomes in Type 1 Diabetic Pregnancies
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“The quality of data has also been found to be reliable (10).”
BackgroundRos, H. S., Cnattingius, S., & Lipworth, L. (1998) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009400 · Cited by 401
“The Birth Register contains information about more than 99 percent of all births in Sweden (9).”
BackgroundSelf-citationGenetic influence on birthweight and gestational length determined by studies in offspring of twins
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Self-citationCongenital malformations in infants born after IVF: a population-based study
Ericson, A., & Kallen, B. (2001) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/16.3.504 · Cited by 382
“…numbers were calculated from the rates Registry, a registry based on the medical records of antenatal of each malformation in the population. care, delivery care, and the paediatric examination of the newborn The proportions of malformed infants born after ICSI or the (Cnattingius et al., 1990).”
MethodSelf-citationOlsen, K. Ø., Juul, S., Berndtsson, I., Öresland, T., & Laurberg, S. (2002) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/gast.2002.30345 · Cited by 374
Continuous growth reference from 24thweek of gestation to 24 months by gender
Niklasson, A., & Albertsson-Wikland, K. G. (2008) · BMC Pediatrics · doi:10.1186/1471-2431-8-8 · Cited by 373
“It records virtually all (98–99%) births in Sweden and the quality of the data was investigated and considered satisfactory [10].”
Does a traumatic birth experience have an impact on future reproduction?
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Review of 103 S wedish H ealthcare Q uality R egistries
Emilsson, L., Lindahl, B., Köster, M., Lambe, M. P., & Ludvigsson, J. F. (2014) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/joim.12303 · Cited by 351
Incidence of congenital malformations in children born after ICSI
Wennerholm, U. (2000) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/15.4.944 · Cited by 351
Hultman, C. M., Sparén, P., Takei, N., Murray, R. M., Cnattingius, S., & Geddes, J. R. (1999) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.318.7181.421 · Cited by 344
Self-citationEstimation of the number of people with Down syndrome in the United States
de Graaf, G., Buckley, F., & Skotko, B. G. (2016) · Genetics in Medicine · doi:10.1038/gim.2016.127 · Cited by 338
Preterm birth and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in schoolchildren
Lindström, K., Lindblad, F., & Hjern, A. (2011) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2010-1279 · Cited by 334
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Norman, M., Hallberg, B., Abrahamsson, T., Bjorklund, L. J., Domellöf, M., Farooqi, A., Bruun, C. F., Gadsbøll, C., Hellström-Westas, L. K., Ingemansson, F., et al. (2019) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2019.2021 · Cited by 320
Roos, N., Kieler, H., Sahlin, L., Ekman-Ordeberg, G. E., Falconer, H., & Stephansson, O. (2011) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.d6309 · Cited by 315
Low 5-minute Apgar score: a population-based register study of 1 million term births
Thorngren‐Jerneck, K. (2001) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/s0029-7844(01)01370-9 · Cited by 298
“A quality analysis of the register has been published.(2) We analyzed data for 10 years (1988–1997) when 1,121,992 children were born according to official birth statistics, 98.”
MethodNeonate Characteristics After Maternal Use of Antidepressants in Late Pregnancy
Källén, B. A. J. (2004) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/archpedi.158.4.312 · Cited by 296
“The Swedish Medical Birth Registry also contains data on delivery and the newborn, obtained from copies of the medical records used at delivery and at the pediatric examination of the newborn.(13,14) In the present study, the following variables were used: maternal age, parity (number of previously born infants plus 1…”
MethodSelf-citationReedy, M. B., Källén, B. A. J., & Kuehl, T. J. (1997) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(97)70163-7 · Cited by 295
Self-citationObstetric Complications and the Risk of Schizophrenia
Dalman, C., Allebeck, P., Cullberg, J., Grünewald, C., & Köster, M. (1999) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.56.3.234 · Cited by 291
“A possible cause for increased risk of schizophrenia might be that in preeclampsia there is an abnormal fetal blood flow, which is associated with reduced supply of nutrition to the fetus.(41,50) Interestingly, Ley(51) found an increased occurrence of minor neurological dysfunctions and intellectual impairment at 7 ye…”
Neonatal and maternal outcome after frozen embryo transfer: Increased risks in programmed cycles
Ginström Ernstad, E., Wennerholm, U.-B., Khatibi, A., Petzold, M., & Bergh, C. (2019) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2019.03.010 · Cited by 330
Lawlor, D. A., Lichtenstein, P., & Långström, N. (2011) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.110.980169 · Cited by 273
Delivery outcome after the use of antidepressants in early pregnancy
Ericson, A., Källén, B. A. J., & Wiholm, B. ‐. (1999) · European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s002280050664 · Cited by 284
Self-citationObstetric complications and risk of schizophrenia
Thomas, H. V., Dalman, C., David, A. S., Gentz, J., Lewis, G., & Allebeck, P. (2001) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.179.5.409 · Cited by 277
Kieler, H., Artama, M., Engeland, A., Ericsson, Ö., Furu, K., Gissler, M., Nielsen, M. G., Nørgaard, M., Stephansson, O., Valdimarsdóttir, U. A., et al. (2011) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.d8012 · Cited by 276
Autism Spectrum Disorders in the Stockholm Youth Cohort: Design, Prevalence and Validity
Idring, S., Rai, D., Dal, H., Dalman, C., Sturm, H., Zander, E., Lee, B. K., Serlachius, E., & Magnusson, C. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041280 · Cited by 275
“se Medical Birth Register (1973–) [51,60] Perinatal characteristics, e.”
BackgroundCnattingius, S., Källén, K., Sandström, A., Rydberg, H., Månsson, H., Stephansson, O., Frisell, T., & Ludvigsson, J. F. (2023) · European Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s10654-022-00947-5 · Cited by 278
“Despite its great value for research, there is little contemporary documentation of the contents and quality of the MBR available in English [10, 11].”
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Wide, K., Winbladh, B., & Källén, B. A. J. (2004) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.2004.tb00701.x · Cited by 263
“Infants born from 1 July 1995 to 31 December 2001, whose mothers had reported the use of AEDs, were identified in the Medical Birth Registry and further analysed for the presence of congenital malformations Information on congenital malformations was partly based on ICD (International Classification of Diseases) codes…”
MethodSelf-citationObstetric outcome in singletons after in vitro fertilization with cryopreserved/thawed embryos
Sazonova, A. P., Källén, K., Thurin‐Kjellberg, A., Wennerholm, U. B., & Bergh, C. (2012) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/des036 · Cited by 254
“Comparisons were made with the Swedish Medical Birth Registry, which has been found to have high validity (Cnattingius et al., 1990).”
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“It is based on copies of standardised medical records completed at the maternity health care centres, the delivery units and at the paediatric examination of the newborn.(9,10) Since 1st July, 1994, information on maternal drug use during pregnancy has been stored in the Medical Birth Register.”
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Optimal Gestational Weight Gain for Body Mass Index Categories
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Maternal weight, pregnancy weight gain, and the risk of antepartum stillbirth
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“The reliability of information in the registry has previously been studied (16).”
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Self-citationThe risk of maternal ischaemic heart disease after gestational hypertensive disease
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“November 2005, Vol. 112, pp. 1486–1491 D RCOG 2005 BJOG: an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology www.blackwellpublishing.com/bjog aDepartment of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Sweden bCentre for Epidemiology, National Board of Health and Welfare, Stockholm, Sweden Correspondence: A.-…”
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Self-citationA high birth weight is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes and obesity
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“The quality of the data is considered high (13).”
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Self-citationPerinatal Factors Associated With Cerebral Palsy in Children Born in Sweden
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Self-citationCeliac Disease and Risk of Adverse Fetal Outcome: A Population-Based Cohort Study
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Self-citationCnattingius, S., Mills, J. L., Yuen, J. E., Eriksson, O., & Salonen, H. (1997) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(97)70455-1 · Cited by 187
Self-citationTobacco Use During Pregnancy and Preeclampsia Risk
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Self-citationHospital care utilization of infants born after IVF
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Maternal Obesity and Infant Heart Defects
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Self-citationMittendorfer‐Rutz, E., Rasmussen, F. E., & Wasserman, D. (2004) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(04)17099-2 · Cited by 183
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Maternal Hemoglobin Concentration During Pregnancy and Risk of Stillbirth
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Waldenström, U., Cnattingius, S., Vixner, L., & Norman, M. (2016) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/1471-0528.14368 · Cited by 176
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“Data from the PDR contains all expenditures of prescribed drugs in pharmacies in Sweden.”
BackgroundInfluentialGyhagen, M., Bullarbo, M., Nielsen, T., & Milsom, I. (2012) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2012.03301.x · Cited by 175
Women with schizophrenia: pregnancy outcome and infant death among their offspring
NILSSON, E., Lichtenstein, P., Cnattingius, S., Murray, R. M., & Hultman, C. M. (2002) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(01)00370-x · Cited by 175
Self-citationBirth Weight and Risk for Childhood Leukemia in Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and Iceland
Hjalgrim, L. L., Rostgaard, K., Hjalgrim, H., Westergaard, T., Thomassen, H., Forestier, E., Gustafsson, G., Kristinsson, J., Melbye, M., & Schmiegelow, K. (2004) · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/djh287 · Cited by 171
Schlecht, N. F., Franco, E. L., Pintos, J., & Kowalski, L. P. (1999) · Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/00001648-199907000-00012 · Cited by 169
Methods of resuscitation in low‐Apgar‐score newborn infants— a national survey
Palme‐Kilander, C. (1992) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1992.tb12094.x · Cited by 169
“(<7days)(-28days)(>28days) 20(15) (4) ( I ) 19(14)(5)(-) 8(7)(1)(-) 24(21)(-)(3) 71 (57)(10)(4) Alive Neonatal seizures 1 3 23 27 No seizures 9 16 10 18 53”
BackgroundBjörkenstam, C., Kosidou, K., & Björkenstam, E. (2017) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.j1334 · Cited by 167
The Influence of Gestational Age and Smoking Habits on the Risk of Subsequent Preterm Deliveries
Cnattingius, S., Granath, F. N., Petersson, G., & Harlow, B. L. (1999) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199909233411303 · Cited by 166
Self-citationBirth Outcomes in Women with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Bröms, G., Granath, F. N., Linder, M., Stephansson, O., Elmberg, M., & Kieler, H. (2014) · Inflammatory Bowel Diseases · doi:10.1097/mib.0000000000000060 · Cited by 170
Asthma during pregnancy – a population based study
Källén, B. A. J., Rydhstroem, H., & Åberg, A. (2000) · European Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1023/a:1007678404911 · Cited by 166
“An evaluation of the register has been published [12].”
BackgroundSelf-citationGestational diabetes and preeclampsia
Östlund, I., Haglund, B., & Hanson, U. (2003) · European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2003.07.001 · Cited by 167
“The register covers more than 99% of all births in Sweden [11], and includes a wide range of data concerning the pregnancy, mother, and infant, e.”
BackgroundRheumatoid arthritis and birth outcomes: a Danish and Swedish nationwide prevalence study
Nørgaard, M., Larsson, H. J., Pedersen, L. H., Granath, F. N., Askling, J., Kieler, H., Ekbom, A., Sørensen, H. T., & Stephansson, O. (2010) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.2010.02239.x · Cited by 164
Perinatally acquired brachial plexus palsy–a persisting challenge
Bager, B. (1997) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1997.tb14849.x · Cited by 164
Physical symptoms after childbirth: prevalence and associations with self‐rated health
Schytt, E., Lindmark, G., & Waldenström, U. (2005) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00319.x · Cited by 163
“Methods Data were collected by means of questionnaires in early pregnancy, two months and one year after the birth and from the Swedish Medical Birth Register.”
MethodInfluentialNilsson, E. M. E., Ros, H. S., Cnattingius, S., & Lichtenstein, P. (2004) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00042x.x · Cited by 163
“The Medical Birth Register covers 99% of all births in Sweden from 1973 and onwards and includes prospectively collected information about complications during pregnancy and delivery.(26,27) In Sweden, prenatal care is standardised and free of charge.”
BackgroundSelf-citationLeon, D. A. (2000) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/152.7.597 · Cited by 162
“A total of 211,627 singleton male livebirths delivered in Sweden from 1973 to 1976 were identified in the MBR.”
BackgroundInfluentialPerinatal outcomes after bariatric surgery: nationwide population based matched cohort study
Roos, N., Neovius, M., Cnattingius, S., Lagerros, Y. T., Sääf, M., Granath, F. N., & Stephansson, O. (2013) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.f6460 · Cited by 160
Self-citationDahlquist, G. G., & K�ll�n, B. (1992) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/bf00400261 · Cited by 160
“The Medical Birth Registry run by the Swedish National Board of Health started in 1973 and collects data on the pregnancy, delivery and neonatal period for nearly all infants in Sweden [12].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationEarly dating by ultrasound and perinatal outcome
Högberg, U., & Larsson, N. O. (1997) · Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica · doi:10.3109/00016349709034900 · Cited by 160
Cnattingius, S., & Lambe, M. P. (2002) · Seminars in Perinatology · doi:10.1053/sper.2002.34771 · Cited by 161
Self-citationObstetric risk factors for stress urinary incontinence: a population-based study
Persson, J. (2000) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/s0029-7844(00)00950-9 · Cited by 157
“Data have been (and still are) collected consecutively in all Swedish hospitals by using the same standardized forms.(20) In linking this registry with the Hospital Discharge Registry, we identified women who had delivered in 1973 or later and who had been operated on for stress urinary incontinence (n 5 4634).”
Method
Metadata
- Authors
- Cnattingius, S., Ericson, A., Gunnarskog, J., & Källén, B.
- Affiliations
- National Board of Health and Welfare (SE)
- Lund University (SE)
- Venue
- Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1990-06
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 143-148
- ISSN
- 0300-8037 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2035263233
- Cited by
- 972
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 39 · 2014: 38 · 2013: 45 · 2012: 44
- FWCI
- 31.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Health Information Management › Medical Coding and Health Information
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Data Quality and Management
- Keywords
- medical birth registry, data quality, data errors, medical records, hospital diagnoses, interhospital variation, data collection methods, quality control
- MeSH terms
- Birth Certificates, Diagnosis, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Medical Records, Quality Control, Registries, Sweden
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