Comparison and characterization of different polyester nano/micro fibres for use in tissue engineering applications
Abstract
The study focuses on a comparison of the electrospinning of various polylactide and polycaprolactone (PLCL) copolymers and poly-L-lactide (PLLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) homopolymers. The chemical characterisation, electrospinnability, fibrous morphology, degradation rate and interactions with fibroblasts were assessed with respect to copolymers and homopolymers with both lower (around 50,000) and higher (around 95,000) molecular weights. The research investigated commercially available as well as synthesised copolymers. The results revealed that the electrospinnability of polymeric solutions depends on both the molecular weight and the PLA/PCL ratio in the final copolymer. It was determined that PLCL copolymers with a higher content of PCL (≥20%) were not spinnable via the electrospinning process. With the exception of PCL, the resulting fibrous materials were found to be homogeneous and with fibre diameters of slightly more than 1 µm with respect to both the tested molecular weights. The degradation rate was tested under simulation conditions via the utilisation of the lipase and Proteinase K enzymes. The degree of degradation was found to depend on the molecular weight, the crystallinity of the polymer and the specificity of the enzyme applied. While lipase was responsible for the degradation of the PCL polymer, it exerted a minor impact on the PLLA and the copolymers. Proteinase K degraded all the tested polymers with a higher specificity towards PLLA and the PLCL copolymers. All the tested polymers were affected by the surface erosion degradation process via fibrous morphology changes and mass loss with no accompanying shift in the molar mass. The electrospun PLLA materials supported both fibroblast adhesion and proliferation. All the tested materials were determined to be cytocompatible with 3T3 mouse fibroblasts.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
By adjusting the ratio of L-lactide to ε-caprolactone and the molecular weight of synthesized PLCL, the degradation time of PLCL can be flexibly adjusted from weeks to years.
“By adjusting the ratio of L-lactide to ε-caprolactone and the molecular weight of the synthesized PLCL, the degradation time of PLCL can be flexibly adjusted from weeks to years [42].”
From Application of PLCL as a biodegradable polymer in biomedical engineering (2026) · cites this paper as [42]
Cites
Rubinstein, M., & Colby, R. H. (2003) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198520597.001.0001 · Cited by 5,686 · see citing works
The return of a forgotten polymer—Polycaprolactone in the 21st century
Woodruff, M. A., & Hutmacher, D. W. (2010) · Progress in Polymer Science · doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2010.04.002 · Cited by 4,033 · see citing works
Principles of Tissue Engineering
(2014) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/c2011-0-07193-4 · Cited by 1,909 · see citing works
Nonlinear dynamics and breakup of free-surface flows
Eggers, J. (1997) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.69.865 · Cited by 1,821 · see citing works
An Overview of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic) Acid (PLGA)-Based Biomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering
Gentile, P., Chiono, V., Carmagnola, I., & Hatton, P. (2014) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms15033640 · Cited by 1,593 · see citing works
Nanofiber technology: Designing the next generation of tissue engineering scaffolds
Barnes, C. P., Sell, S. A., Boland, E. D., Simpson, D. G., & Bowlin, G. L. (2007) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2007.04.022 · Cited by 1,137 · see citing works
Bacakova, L., Filova, E., Parizek, M., Ruml, T., & Svorcik, V. (2011) · Biotechnology Advances · doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.06.004 · Cited by 1,000 · see citing works
Effect of molecular weight on fibrous PVA produced by electrospinning
Koski, A., Yim, K. Y., & Shivkumar, S. (2003) · Materials Letters · doi:10.1016/s0167-577x(03)00532-9 · Cited by 883 · see citing works
Mo, X., Xu, C. Y., Kotaki, M., & Ramakrishna, S. (2004) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.08.042 · Cited by 803 · see citing works
Encyclopedia of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering
(2008) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9780429154065 · Cited by 700 · see citing works
Poly(lactide- co -glycolide) porous scaffolds for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
Pan, Z., & Ding, J. (2012) · Interface Focus · doi:10.1098/rsfs.2011.0123 · Cited by 419 · see citing works
Scaffolding In Tissue Engineering
Ma, P. X., & Elisseeff, J. H. (2005) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781420027563 · Cited by 404 · see citing works
Effects of crystalline morphology on the tensile properties of electrospun polymer nanofibers
Lim, C. T., Tan, E. P. S., & Ng, S. Y. (2008) · Applied Physics Letters · doi:10.1063/1.2857478 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Shin, H. J., Lee, C., Cho, I. H., Kim, Y.-J., Lee, Y., Kim, I. A., Park, K., Yui, N., & Shin, J. (2005) · Journal of Biomaterials Science Polymer Edition · doi:10.1163/156856206774879126 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Therapeutic applications of electrospun nanofibers for drug delivery systems
Son, Y. J., Kim, W. J., & Yoo, H. S. (2013) · Archives of Pharmacal Research · doi:10.1007/s12272-013-0284-2 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Controlling numbers and sizes of beads in electrospun nanofibers
Liu, Y., He, J., Yu, J., & Zeng, H. (2007) · Polymer International · doi:10.1002/pi.2387 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Enzymatic degradation of poly(ε-caprolactone)/poly(dl-lactide) blends in phosphate buffer solution
Gan, Z., Yu, D., Zhong, Z., Liang, Q., & Jing, X. (1999) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(98)00549-7 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Polyglycolic Acid-Induced Inflammation: Role of Hydrolysis and Resulting Complement Activation
Ceonzo, K., Gaynor, A., Shaffer, L., Kojima, K., Vacanti, C. A., & Stahl, G. L. (2006) · Tissue Engineering · doi:10.1089/ten.2006.12.301 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Degradation Behaviors of Electrospun Resorbable Polyester Nanofibers
Dong, Y., Liao, S., Ngiam, M., Chan, C. K., & Ramakrishna, S. (2009) · Tissue Engineering Part B Reviews · doi:10.1089/ten.teb.2008.0619 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Pan, J., Liu, N.-H., Sun, H., & Xu, F. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0112885 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Bikiaris, D. Ν. (2013) · Polymer Degradation and Stability · doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.05.016 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Tailoring Crystallinity of Electrospun Plla Fibres by Control of Electrospinning Parameters
Ero-Phillips, O., Jenkins, M. J., & Stamboulis, A. G. (2012) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym4031331 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Tara, S., Kurobe, H., Rocco, K. A., Maxfield, M. W., Best, C. A., Yi, T., Naito, Y., Breuer, C. K., & Shinoka, T. (2014) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.030 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering
Andrades, J. A. (2013) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/46192 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Effect of polymer molecular weight on the fiber morphology of electrospun mats
Pant, H. R., Nam, K.-T., Oh, H.-J., Panthi, G., Kim, H.-D., Kim, B.-I., & Kim, H. Y. (2011) · Journal of Colloid and Interface Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2011.07.094 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Horáková, J., Mikeš, P., Saman, A., Jenčová, V., Klapstova, A., Svarcova, T., Ackermann, M., Novotný, V., Suchý, T., & Lukáš, D. (2018) · Materials Science and Engineering C · doi:10.1016/j.msec.2018.06.041 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationSaleh, H. E.-D. M. (2012) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/2748 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Wu, T. S., Jiang, B., Wang, Y., Yin, A., Huang, C., Wang, S., & Mo, X. (2015) · Journal of Materials Chemistry B · doi:10.1039/c5tb00599j · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Xu, R., Zhao, H., Hanif, M., Dong, M., Besenbacher, F., & Chen, M. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-08226-0 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
(2014) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-0363-4 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Cell adhesion behavior of poly(ε-caprolactone)/poly( L -lactic acid) nanofibers scaffold
Khatri, Z., Jatoi, A. W., Ahmed, F., & Kim, I. S. (2016) · Materials Letters · doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2016.02.061 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Shah, M. R., Yang, Z., Li, Y., Jiang, L., & Ling, J. (2017) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym9110559 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Fisher, J. P., Mikos, A. G., Bronzino, J. D., & Peterson, D. R. (2012) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b13978 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Handbook of Polymers for Pharmaceutical Technologies
Thakur, V. K., & Thakur, M. K. (2015) · doi:10.1002/9781119041412.oth · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Applications of Nanobiotechnology
Stoytcheva, M., & Zlatev, R. K. (2019) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.82976 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Sriyai, M., Tasati, J., Molloy, R., Meepowpan, P., Somsunan, R., Worajittiphon, P., Daranarong, D., Meerak, J., & Punyodom, W. (2021) · ACS Omega · doi:10.1021/acsomega.1c03569 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationNanofibrous Scaffolds for Skin Tissue Engineering and Wound Healing Based on Synthetic Polymers
Bačáková, L., Zikmundová, M., Pajorová, J., Brož, A., Filová, E., Blanquer, A., Matějka, R., Štěpanovská, J., Mikeš, P., Jenčová, V., et al. (2019) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.88744 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Öztemur, J., Özdemir, S., Tezcan-Unlu, H., Çeçener, G., Sezgin, H., & Yalçın-Eniş, İ. (2023) · Biopolymers · doi:10.1002/bip.23564 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Havlíčková, K., Košťáková, E. K., Lisnenko, M., HAUZEROVÁ, Š., Stuchlík, M., Vrchovecká, S., Vištějnová, L., Moláček, J., Lukáš, D., Procházková, R., et al. (2024) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym16081029 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Use of Lipases as a Sustainable and Efficient Method for the Synthesis and Degradation of Polymers
García, F. F., & Liñares, G. G. (2023) · Journal of Polymers and the Environment · doi:10.1007/s10924-023-03118-z · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Liu, B., Tao, C., Wu, Z., Yao, H., & Wang, D. (2022) · Journal of Materials Chemistry B · doi:10.1039/d1tb02706a · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Mushtaq, M., Wasim, M., Naeem, M. A., Khan, M. R., Sun, Y., Saba, H., Hussain, T., Siddiqui, Q., Farooq, A., & Weı, Q. (2020) · Coatings · doi:10.3390/coatings10050484 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Snyder, Y., & Jana, S. (2023) · ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01430 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Mikeš, P., Brož, A., Sinica, A., Asatiani, N., & Bačáková, L. (2020) · Biomedical Materials · doi:10.1088/1748-605x/ab950f · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Blanquer, A., Musı́lková, J., Filová, E., Táborská, J., Brynda, E., Riedel, T., Klápšťová, A., Jenčová, V., Müllerová, J., Košťáková, E. K., et al. (2021) · Nanomaterials · doi:10.3390/nano11020457 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Skin Tissue Engineering and Wound Healing Based on Nature-Derived Polymers
Bačáková, L., Pajorová, J., Zikmundová, M., Filová, E., Mikeš, P., Jenčová, V., Košťáková, E. K., & Sinica, A. (2019) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.88602 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Modification of chlorosulfonated polystyrene substrates for bioanalytical applications
Díez‐Buitrago, B., Fernández-San-Argimiro, F. J., Lorenzo, J., Briz, N., & Pavlov, V. V. (2020) · Materials Science and Engineering C · doi:10.1016/j.msec.2020.110912 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Application of PLCL as a biodegradable polymer in biomedical engineering
Zhao, Y., & Liu, H. (2026) · Journal of Materials Science Materials in Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10856-026-07016-3 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Matus-Muñoz, M. R., Ramos, R. R., Altuzar, V., Beltrán, H. I., Palomino-Ovando, M. A., & Mendoza‐Barrera, C. (2021) · International Journal of Polymeric Materials · doi:10.1080/00914037.2021.1895157 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Notes on constitutive modeling of 3D-printed PLA materials
Horný, L., Petřivý, Z., Sobotka, Z., Kohan, M., Balint, T., Chlup, H., Kronek, J., Mendová, K., Hudák, R., Schnitzer, M., et al. (2025) · Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials/Journal of mechanical behavior of biomedical materials · doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107083 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Šimonová, Z., Porubová, L., Verner, A., Gabor, R., Vilamová, Z., Dobročka, E., Cieslar, M., Krbečková, V., Dedkova, K. P., Svoboda, L., et al. (2022) · Fibers and Polymers · doi:10.1007/s12221-022-4994-2 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Fu, J., Zhu, Z., Xue, C., Wang, P., Han, X., Bai, D., Fan, Y., Sun, Y., & Wang, H. (2026) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2026.180089 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Effect of humidity during electrospinning of biodegradable polyester nanofibers
Košťáková, E. K., HOMUTA, V., Jenčová, V., Homer, W. J. A., Běhálek, L., Havlíčková, K., HAUZEROVÁ, Š., Lisnenko, M., KOVACICIN, J., Novotný, V., et al. (2022) · NANOCOM ... · doi:10.37904/nanocon.2022.4606 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Enzymatic modulation of nanomaterials and its application to biosensing
Díez‐Buitrago, B. (2020) · Communities in ADDI (Universidad del Pais Vasco)
Natural resources for fiber production
Fatima, N., Auishe, P. F., & Paulraj, M. S. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-26619-5.00002-7
Apu, M. M. H., Akter, A., GONZALEZ, A. T., Hossain, M. E., Islam, T., Veeranki, Y. R., Posada-Quintero, H. F., Mia, R., & Apu, M. M. H. (2026) · Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials · doi:10.1007/s42114-026-02016-x
- Authors
- Mikes, P., Horakova, J., Saman, A., Vejsadova, L., Topham, P., Punyodom, W., Dumklang, M., & Jencova, V.
- Affiliations
- Technical University of Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
- Technical University of Liberec (CZ)
- Aston University (GB)
- Chiang Mai University (TH)
- Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna (TH)
- Venue
- Journal of Industrial Textiles
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2019-05-08
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 870-890
- ISSN
- 0093-4658 (ISSN-L)
- 1528-0837
- 1530-8057
- OpenAlex
- W2944709028
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 0.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Industrial Textiles (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Grantová Agentura Ćeské Republiky (GACR 17-02448S)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- Keywords
- electrospinning, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, poly(L-lactic acid), electrospinnability, molecular weight, copolymer ratio, enzyme degradation, lipase, proteinase K, surface erosion, crystallinity, fibroblast adhesion, fibroblast proliferation, 3T3 fibroblasts, cytocompatibility, tissue engineering scaffolds
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
