The DOI matches its Crossref record; 35 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 1 of the 21 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress
Open accessAbstract
Both dispositional mindfulness and mindfulness-based interventions have been found to be associated with less psychological distress. The current study investigated three mechanisms by which mindfulness might exert its beneficial effects: emotion regulation, nonattachment, and reduced rumination. Correlational self-report data were collected from two independent, nonclinical samples of undergraduates. Structural equation modeling was then used to test the role of these three mechanisms in mediating the relationship between mindfulness and a psychological distress factor, consisting of measures for depressive and anxious symptomatology. The model was respecified based on the first sample and retested in the second sample. Results confirmed an inverse relationship between mindfulness and psychological distress. Furthermore, emotion regulation, nonattachment, and rumination significantly mediated this relationship. © 2008 SAGE Publications.
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Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
This study examined whether emotion regulation, nonattachment, and rumination mediate the inverse association between dispositional mindfulness and psychological distress. Across two independent undergraduate samples, structural equation modeling supported mediation, with rumination accounting for the largest portion of mindfulness’s indirect effect on distress.
Key findings
- Mindfulness was inversely related to psychological distress; latent correlations were −.43 in Sample 1 and −.58 in Sample 2, and all latent correlations were significant at p < .001.
- The respecified model explained 50% of the variance in psychological distress in Sample 1 and 52% in Sample 2.
- Rumination mediated the largest share of mindfulness’s indirect effect on distress (47% in Sample 1, 52% in Sample 2), followed by emotion regulation (43%, 40%) and nonattachment (10%, 8%).
- The direct path from mindfulness to distress was not significant in Sample 1 but was significant in Sample 2, leaving it unclear whether mediation was full or partial.
Methods
- Two independent nonclinical undergraduate samples: Sample 1 had 197 participants (64.5% female; mean age 18.9, SD = 0.94), and Sample 2 had 249 participants (66% female; mean age 18.75, SD = 1.2). Data were collected via paper-and-pencil questionnaires in groups of 20 to 50.
- Measures included the MAAS for mindfulness, the TMMS Repair subscale for emotion regulation, the Linking Inventory for nonattachment, the RRQ Rumination subscale, and BSI depression and anxiety subscales for psychological distress.
- Structural equation modeling was conducted in LISREL 8.51; the original model was respecified to add direct paths from mindfulness to rumination and from emotion regulation to rumination, then retested in Sample 2 and with a multigroup analysis.
Limitations
- Stated by the authors: the tested model may be one of several models that fit the data equally well, and the data cannot definitively prove the relationships or causality; experimental manipulation and other methodologies are needed.
- Stated by the authors: it remains ambiguous whether the mediators fully or partially mediate the mindfulness–distress link, given the differing significance of the direct path across samples and possible sample-specific variance.
- Evident from the text: the design is cross-sectional and correlational, so temporal ordering and causal direction cannot be established; the samples are nonclinical undergraduates, limiting generalizability; and emotion regulation and nonattachment each relied on a single measure, with measurement error approximated from internal consistency rather than modeled with multiple indicators.
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Claims the paper makes
24 Own result · 17 Own interpretation · 15 Own method · 6 No full text of the sources · 4 Sources not found · 4 No basis given · 3 Not checked yet · 1 Supported so far
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Rumination mediated the largest percentage of mindfulness' indirect impact on psychological distress in both samples”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Direct, Indirect, and Total Effects
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Furthermore, emotion regulation, nonattachment, and rumination significantly mediated this relationship.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Abstract
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Furthermore, emotion regulation, nonattachment, and rumination significantly mediated this relationship.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Abstract
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Results confirmed an inverse relationship between mindfulness and psychological distress.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Abstract
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The original model proved to be a poor fit to the data.It produced a root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) of .12(90% confidence interval [CI] = 0.083-0.15;standardized root mean square residual (RMR) = .080;χ 2 = 54.11;degree of freedom [df] = 15; p < .0001).”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Testing the Model
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“An examination of the measurement model, consisting of the two MAAS item parcels, the two RRQ Rumination item parcels, and the Psychological distress factor, revealed that the factor structure was an acceptable fit for the data (RMSEA = 0.057;, standardized RMR = .02;χ 2 = 9.87; df = 6; p = .13).”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Testing the Model
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Furthermore, emotion regulation, nonattachment, and rumination significantly mediated this relationship.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Abstract
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The three mediators in the model were all directly associated with each other.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Discussion
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As hypothesized, increased mindfulness was associated with an increased ability to manage negative emotion.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Discussion
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The respecified model proved to be an acceptable fit in Sample 2. It produced an RMSEA of 0.072 (90% CI = 0.037-0.11;standardized RMR = .032;χ 2 = 29.53;df = 13; p = .0055).”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Model Replication
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- It may state two separate claims as one. 23
- Probably not a substantial claim. 21
- The quote only partly states this claim. 1
The sources with a verdict support this claim; the rest weren’t checked yet, have no full text we could read, or their verdicts aren’t rated yet.
In the paper
“Using the MAAS and other measures for mindfulness, Baer, Smith, Hopkins, Krietemeyer, and Toney (2006) also found negative correlations between dispositional mindfulness and psychological distress and positive correlations between dispositional mindfulness and measures of positive adjustment.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Brown & Ryan, 2003 source
- Supportedcites Baer et al., 2006 source
The table in “Mindfulness Measures and Other Variables: Convergent and Discriminant Correlations” (p. 6) reports negative correlations between all five mindfulness questionnaires and psychological symptoms, and positive correlations with self-compassion, a measure of positive adjustment. The paper identifies the MAAS as one of those questionnaires (Results and Discussion, p. 5). (LLM, conf=0.94)
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The square root transformation produced BSI Depression distributions with a skew of .12 in Sample 1 and a skew of .03 in Sample 2.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Results
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Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“It is therefore unclear whether mindfulness exerts its hypothesized influence on psychological distress exclusively by affecting more proximal variables, which then affect psychological distress, or whether some portion of mindfulness' beneficial impact on psychological distress is a result of mindfulness alone, independent of its impact on other mechanisms that beneficially influence”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Discussion
hedgedconditionaln = 2- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The respecified model proved to be a good fit to the data.It produced an RMSEA of 0.047 (90% CI = 0.0-0.092;standardized RMR = .031;χ 2 = 18.73; df = 13; p = .13).”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Testing the Model
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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The quote only partly states this claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“All parameter estimates were significant at less than the .02level, with the exception of the direct effect from emotion regulation to rumination in the first sample (z = -2.00;p < .05)and the direct effect from mindfulness to psychological distress in the first sample (z = -1.07;not significant).”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Direct, Indirect, and Total Effects
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Table 1 presents the bivariate correlations and descriptive statistics, in both samples, for the seven indicator variables.All correlations were statistically significant (p < .01)and in the expected direction.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Results
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The square root transformation produced BSI Anxiety distributions with skews of .06 and .02 in Samples 1 and 2, respectively.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“Furthermore, rumination has been found to mediate this relationship, such that when attachments are unfulfilled, people are more likely to ruminate, which then influences happiness (McIntosh & Martin, 1992).”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Mechanism of Action
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites McIntosh & Martin, 1992
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Not matched
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The model was respecified based on the first sample and retested in the second sample.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Jain et al. (2007) found that although mindfulness meditation and somatic relaxation were both associated with decreased self-reported psychological distress, only mindfulness meditation reduced rumination.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Mechanism of Action
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Jain et al., 2007 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Some treatment outcome researchers have suggested that mindfulness improves emotion regulation by helping one recognize that distressing thoughts are not always accurate representations of reality (Linehan, 1993;Teasdale, 1999;Teasdale, Segal, & Williams, 1995).”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Mechanism of Action
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Linehan, 1993
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites Teasdale, 1999
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Teasdale et al., 1995 source
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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In the paper
“This finding is consistent with the theoretical rationale for mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, a mindfulness-based intervention, which posits that mindfulness decreases risk for depression because it assists individuals in viewing their thoughts and feelings as impermanent mental events.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Mechanism of Action
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Teasdale et al., 1995 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“In an experimental study, participants who engaged in a mindful breathing exercise reported less negative affect and a greater willingness to view highly negative pictures than did participants in other experimental conditions (Arch & Craske, 2006).”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Mechanism of Action
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Arch & Craske, 2006 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Furthermore, their inability to manage negative affect may contribute to a tendency to view their happiness as contingent on external circumstances, which is also associated with increased rumination.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Discussion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The relationships among mindfulness, emotion regulation, nonattachment, rumination, and psychological distress are causal in the direction specified by the model.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In this study, Cronbach's alpha measure for internal consistency of the MAAS was .87 in Sample 1 and .87 in Sample 2.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Measures
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Thus, the measures for mindfulness (i.e., the MAAS) and rumination (i.e., the RRQ Rumination) were each divided into item parcels, such that the first half of each scale was treated as one indicator for the factor while the second half of the scale was treated as a second indicator for the factor.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Testing the Model
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The model indicates that anxious and depressed individuals are more likely to be ruminating and struggling to manage their affect with constructive thoughts.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Discussion
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The relationships among mindfulness, emotion regulation, nonattachment, rumination, and psychological distress are causal in the direction specified by the model.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“whereas nonattachment is associated with psychological distress because it leads to less rumination, which in turn decreases psychological distress.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Discussion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The relationships among mindfulness, emotion regulation, nonattachment, rumination, and psychological distress are causal in the direction specified by the model.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“the difference in the significance of this pathway may reflect the presence of sample-specific variance.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Discussion
hedgedconditionaln = 2- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim.
- Rests on an assumption: The two samples are demographically similar.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Creating item parcels allowed computation of measurement error for the mindfulness and rumination factors and inserted additional degrees of freedom into the model, thereby creating a more rigorous test of the model while preserving degrees of freedom appropriate to the sample size.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Testing the Model
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Although several possible outliers were identified in each sample, exclusion of these participants did not appreciably alter the model fit.For this reason, none of the participants were excluded as outliers in either sample.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Results
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What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Several transformations were tested for their impact on skew, including natural log; however, the square root transformation most effectively reduced skew in these variables.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Results
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Internal consistency for anxiety: α 1 = .79;α 2 = .78.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Emotion regulation.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Internal consistency: α 1 = .92;α 2 = .89.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Emotion regulation.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The factor loadings and path estimates were fixed to be invariant across the two samples to examine whether the constructs being measured were similar in both samples and whether the relationships among these constructs were similar.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Model Replication
plainn = 2- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“interventions designed to increase mindfulness improve psychological adjustment (see, e.g., Davidson et al., 2003;Kabat-Zinn et al., 1992;Teasdale et al., 2000).”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Discussion
What the sources say
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A primary limitation of this study is that the present model may be one of several possible models that fit the data equally well.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Discussion
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In particular, skill at emotion regulation and level of rumination directly affect depressive and anxious symptomatology”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Discussion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The relationships among mindfulness, emotion regulation, nonattachment, rumination, and psychological distress are causal in the direction specified by the model.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Moreover, mindfulness skills alone may effect some change in these variables.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Discussion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
In the paper
“Past research has found that mindfulness is associated with positive psychological adjustment (Brown & Ryan, 2003)”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Brown & Ryan, 2003 source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Internal consistency: α 1 = .79;α 2 = .81.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Emotion regulation.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The additional finding of a direct association between mindfulness and rumination is consistent with research indicating that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy can be a powerful prophylactic for the recurrence of depression (Teasdale et al., 2000)”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Teasdale et al., 2000 source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The measures for mindfulness and rumination had internal reliabilities greater than .80(unlike the measures for nonattachment and emotion regulation) and a sufficient number of items to split the scales (unlike the measure for emotion regulation).”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Testing the Model
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Internal consistency: α 1 = .73;α 2 = .80.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Emotion regulation.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Internal consistency for depression: α 1 = .89;α 2 = .86.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Emotion regulation.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper relies on this without support.
The mechanism by which mindfulness influences psychological distress remains unclear.
“Despite the evidence that increasing mindfulness decreases psychological distress and the demonstrated relationship betweens dispositional mindfulness and psychological adjustment, the mechanism by which mindfulness has its effect on adjustment remains unclear.”
“In summary, research supports an inverse relationship between mindfulness and psychological distress, but the mechanisms by which mindfulness might influence psychological distress remain unclear.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The modeled causal direction, in which mindfulness influences emotion regulation, nonattachment, and rumination, which in turn influence psychological distress, is correct.
“Mindfulness was hypothesized to be directly associated with emotion regulation and nonattachment, such that greater mindfulness would be associated with an increased ability to regulate negative affect and a diminished sense that one's happiness is a function of specific external events and circumstances.”
“Both the ability to regulate negative emotion and rumination were expected to directly influence psychological distress.”
The paper relies on this without support.
There is an important void in the growing research literature on mindfulness regarding the mechanisms through which mindfulness exerts beneficial effects on psychological distress.
“The current study was undertaken to address an important void in the growing research literature on mindfulness; it examined potential mechanisms through which mindfulness might exert its beneficial effects on psychological distress, specifically depressive and anxious symptomatology.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The relationships among mindfulness, emotion regulation, nonattachment, rumination, and psychological distress are causal in the direction specified by the model.
“The pattern of relationships in these data is consistent with what one would expect to see if causal relationships do, in fact, exist among the variables in the model.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The two samples are demographically similar.
“and the demographic similarities between the two samples”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Because MP mitigates the impact of negative emotions, it frees up cognitive-affective resources to appreciate, reflect on and make meaning of difficult circumstances, and develop value-based goals (Coffey & Hartman, 2008).”
From Stress and coping in the time of COVID-19: Pathways to resilience and recovery (2020) · cites this paper as Coffey & Hartman, 2008
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“MP facilitates awareness of thoughts, emotions, and sensations, allowing for their differentiation, so coping strategies can be more targeted and flexible, revealing problems and issues to be addressed, such as anger that masks fear and anxiety.”
From Stress and coping in the time of COVID-19: Pathways to resilience and recovery (2020) · cites this paper as Coffey & Hartman, 2008
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Although past empirical studies indicate a link between trait mindfulness, emotion regulation strategies, and symptoms of depression and anxiety in both clinical [22, 23] and nonclinical populations [35–38]”
From Emotion Regulation as a Mechanism of Mindfulness in Individual Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety Disorders (2024) · cites this paper as [35]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Mindfulness has been shown to be associated with increased well-being [11] and reduction in psychological distress [11,12].”
From Association of mindfulness to resilience, anxiety, and depressive symptoms after spinal cord injury-a correlational study (2020) · cites this paper as [12]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“It appears that one of the possible mechanisms through which DM does this is by improving emotional regulation (Coffey and Hartman 2008; de Frias 2014; Feldman et al. 2016; Kadziolka et al. 2016; McDonald et al. 2016; Prakash et al. 2015).”
From Dispositional Mindfulness and Psychological Health: a Systematic Review (2018) · cites this paper as Coffey and Hartman 2008
In the citing paper
“two studies have found that rumination does mediate the link between DM and depressive symptoms (Alleva et al. 2014) and psychological distress (Coffey and Hartman 2008).”
From Dispositional Mindfulness and Psychological Health: a Systematic Review (2018) · cites this paper as Coffey and Hartman 2008
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Results
“Table 1 presents the bivariate correlations and descriptive statistics, in both samples, for the seven indicator variables.”
§ Mechanisms of Action in the Inverse Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Distress > Discussion
“| 6. MAAS | .27/.18 | .28/.22 | -.49/-.41 | -.36/-.41 | -.36/-.48 | 1.00 | | M |”
Citations
Cites
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Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.84.4.822 · Cited by 13,448
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“Rather, it relies on the universal human capacity to pay attention (Brown & Ryan, 2003; Kabat-Zinn, 2003).”
BackgroundMindfulness-based interventions in context: Past, present, and future.
Kabat-Zinn, J. (2003) · Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice · doi:10.1093/clipsy/bpg016 · Cited by 8,612
Using Self-Report Assessment Methods to Explore Facets of Mindfulness
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“Of these five factors, the MAAS is most closely related to the Acting with Awareness factor (Baer et al., 2006).”
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Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 344
Mediating role of psychological resilience in the relationship between mindfulness and nomophobia
Arpacı, İ., & Gündoğan, S. (2020) · British Journal of Guidance and Counselling · doi:10.1080/03069885.2020.1856330 · Cited by 38
“Mindfulness refers to an individual’s focus on the present moment and paying attention to the current events he or she is experiencing without any judgment (Bishop et al., 2004; Brown & Ryan, 2003; Coffey & Hartman, 2008).”
BackgroundHelminen, E. C., Scheer, J. R., & Felver, J. C. (2021) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-021-01672-y · Cited by 38
“…is a unidimensional scale, researchers have argued that it may only be measuring a specific aspect of mindfulness, such as acting with awareness (Coffey & Hartman, 2008), and that the measure is missing different aspects of mindfulness, such as non-judgment or acceptance (Baer et al., 2006;…”
BackgroundForjan, D. N., Tuckey, M. R., & Li, Y. (2020) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.2931 · Cited by 34
Dimensions of distress tolerance and the moderating effects on mindfulness-based stress reduction
Gawrysiak, M. J., Leong, S. H., Grassetti, S. N., Wai, M., Shorey, R. C., & Baime, M. J. (2015) · Anxiety Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615806.2015.1085513 · Cited by 34
“Not surprisingly, mindfulness training, including MBSR, has been hypothesized to be particularly helpful for individuals with low distress tolerance (Coffey & Hartman, 2008; Siegel, Germer, & Olendzki, 2008) due to a focus on fostering this quality in mindfulness programs (Bishop, 2002; Eifert &…”
BackgroundPromoting Well-Being by Teaching Employees How to Segment Their Life Domains
Rexroth, M., Michel, A., & Bosch, C. (2017) · Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie A&O · doi:10.1026/0932-4089/a000253 · Cited by 36
Peixoto, L. S. A., Gondim, S. M. G., & Pereira, C. R. (2021) · Trends in Psychology · doi:10.1007/s43076-021-00092-0 · Cited by 50
Examining Mindfulness and Its Relation to Self-Differentiation and Alexithymia
Teixeira, R. J., & Pereira, M. G. (2013) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-013-0233-7 · Cited by 48
“Coffey and Hartman (2008) found that mindfulness had a significant indirect effect on psychological distress through emotion regulation ability.”
BackgroundHidalgo, M. A., Layland, E. K., Kubicek, K., & Kipke, M. D. (2019) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-019-01278-5 · Cited by 41
Masuda, A., Wendell, J. W., Chou, Y.-Y., & Feinstein, A. B. (2010) · International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling · doi:10.1007/s10447-010-9097-x · Cited by 33
“Research conducted with European Americans has shown that mindfulness, when defined in this way, is inversely associated with a wide range of negative psychological outcomes, including depressive and anxiety symptoms (Brown and Ryan 2003), rumination ( Coffey and Hartman 2008 ), general psychiatric symptoms (Baer et a…”
BackgroundPruessner, L., Timm, C., Kalmar, J., Bents, H., Barnow, S., & Mander, J. (2024) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1155/2024/9081139 · Cited by 37
Johannsen, M., O’Toole, M. S., O’Connor, M., Jensen, A. B., & Zachariae, R. (2017) · Acta Oncologica · doi:10.1080/0284186x.2016.1268713 · Cited by 31
“As mindfulness, defined as bringing attention to the experience that unfolds moment-by-moment in a non-judgmental way [8] and psychological distress have been negatively associated [9], it could be hypothesized that initial distress levels may influence the susceptibility for symptom improvement during MBI.”
BackgroundAn examination of concurrent and incremental validity of four mindfulness scales
Andrei, F., Vesely, A., & Siegling, A. B. (2016) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-016-9546-x · Cited by 29
Akbari, M., Seydavi, M., & Zamani, E. (2021) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2685 · Cited by 31
“…also added a series of variables as control variables, which may impact psychological distress, including fear of Covid-19 (Duong, 2021; Satici et al., 2020), life satisfaction (Duong, 2021; Guney et al., 2010; Kumar et al., 2016), and mindfulness (Coffey & Hartman, 2008; Parto & Besharat, 2011).”
BackgroundLee, J., Lee, J., & Lee, K. (2020) · Safety and Health at Work · doi:10.1016/j.shaw.2020.03.006 · Cited by 31
“Coffey and Hartman [31] provided three explanations on the mechanism of dispositional mindfulness affecting psychological distress, which are emotion regulation, reduction in rumination thoughts, and non-attachment.”
BackgroundCall, D. C., Pitcock, J. A., & Pyne, J. M. (2015) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-015-0400-0 · Cited by 32
“Insofar as mindfulness has been shown to be an effective predictor and mediator of the negative effects of stress and general distress (Coffey and Hartman 2008; Jain et al. 2007) and hyperarousal (Kearney et al. 2012), results from the current study suggest that further research regarding the…”
Anger Rumination and Mindfulness: Mediating Effects on Forgiveness
Anuncibay, R. D. L. F., Barbadillo, Á. G., Sánchez, D. O., Ordóñez-Camblor, N., & Pizarro-Ruiz, J. P. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18052668 · Cited by 31
“Coffey and Hartman point out that mindfulness could be beneficial through emotional regulation, detachment and reduced rumination [78].”
BackgroundEffects of a School-Based Mindfulness Program for Young Children
Sciutto, M. J., Veres, D. A., Marinstein, T. L., Bailey, B. F., & Cehelyk, S. K. (2021) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-021-01955-x · Cited by 44
“…outcomes (Carsley et al., 2018; Joyce et al., 2010), academic achievement (Bakosh et al., 2016; Beauchemin et al., 2008; Singh et al., 2016), prosocial behavior (Flook et al., 2015), emotional regulation (Arch & Craske, 2006; Coffey & Hartman, 2008), and attention (Poehlmann-Tynan et al., 2016).”
BackgroundMechanisms of Action in Concurrent Parent-Child Mindfulness Training: a Qualitative Exploration
Haydicky, J., Wiener, J., & Shecter, C. (2017) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-017-0678-1 · Cited by 34
McKie, A., Askew, K., & Dudley, R. E. J. (2016) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2016.07.014 · Cited by 30
“Research with non-clinical participants has shown that higher levels of trait mindfulness are associated with lower levels of depression and anxiety (Brown & Ryan, 2003; Coffey & Hartman, 2008).”
BackgroundMartin, K. P., Blair, S. M., Clark, G. I., Rock, A. J., & Hunter, K. (2017) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-017-0753-7 · Cited by 29
Dutt, A. J., Wahl, H., & Rupprecht, F. S. (2018) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/pag0000245 · Cited by 30
Indices of association between anxiety and mindfulness: a guide for future mindfulness studies
Jaiswal, S., Muggleton, N. G., Juan, C.-H., & Liang, W. (2019) · Personality Neuroscience · doi:10.1017/pen.2019.12 · Cited by 26
“Two studies on self-report measures, one in a nonclinical group (Coffey & Hartman, 2008) and another in a clinical population (with mood and anxiety disorder) (Desrosiers, Vine, Klemanski, & Nolen-Hoeksema, 2013), showed that both mindfulness and anxiety could be mediated through emotion regulation…”
BackgroundGrégoire, C., Faymonville, M.-É., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Jérusalem, G., Willems, S. J., & Bragard, I. (2020) · Quality of Life Research · doi:10.1007/s11136-020-02655-7 · Cited by 32
“Different underlying mindfulness-linked processes could be involved, including increased moment-tomoment awareness, acceptance, and self-regulation, which induce a decrease of automatic, mindless, and judgmental thinking and reactivity in response to stressors [24, 25, 58].”
BackgroundPreparing MSW Students for Integrative Mind–Body-Spirit Practice
Raheim, S., & Lu, J. J. (2014) · Clinical Social Work Journal · doi:10.1007/s10615-014-0484-3 · Cited by 26
Demir, V., & Gündoğan, N. A. (2018) · Ege Eğitim Dergisi · doi:10.12984/egeefd.332844 · Cited by 30
Carruthers, S. P., Rossell, S. L., Murray, G., Karantonis, J., Furlong, L. S., & Van Rheenen, T. E. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.10.107 · Cited by 24
“…lines of empirical inquiry indicate that emotion regulation mediates the effect that dispositional mindfulness has on various psychopathologies (Coffey and Hartman, 2008; Coffey et al., 2010), and that enhancements to emotion regulation in non-clinical populations arise from formal mindfulness…”
BackgroundCottingham, A. H., Beck-Coon, K., Bernat, J. K., Helft, P. R., Schmidt, K., Shields, C. G., Torke, A. M., & Johns, S. A. (2019) · Palliative and Supportive Care · doi:10.1017/s1478951518000354 · Cited by 24
“Evidence also suggests that mindfulness is inversely correlated with psychological distress (Barnes et al., 2007; Carmody & Baer, 2008; Coffey & Hartman, 2008) and is linked with relationship satisfaction (Gambrel & Keeling, 2010; Jones et al., 2011).”
BackgroundBenchimol-Elkaim, B., Khoury, B., & Tsimicalis, A. (2024) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2024.1334221 · Cited by 29
Koppel, S., Stephens, A. N., Young, K. L., Hua, P., Chambers, R., & Hassed, C. S. (2018) · Traffic Injury Prevention · doi:10.1080/15389588.2018.1440083 · Cited by 24
“…due the fact that several researchers have suggested that the MAAS may only measure one specific aspect of mindfulness (i.e., acting with awareness; Coffey and Hartman 2008) because it does not measure the acceptance component of mindfulness (Sauer et al. 2013) or the nonjudgmntal awareness…”
BackgroundStanley, E. A. (2014) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118294895.ch50 · Cited by 25
Hegel, J., Halkett, G. K. B., Schofield, P. E., Rees, C. S., Heritage, B., Suleman, S., Inhestern, L., Butler, T. W., Fitch, M. I., & Breen, L. J. (2021) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-020-01591-4 · Cited by 26
“A disadvantage of the unidimensional MAAS is that it only allows investigation of mechanisms involving a very specific aspect of mindfulness, namely acting with awareness (Coffey and Hartman 2008), therefore omitting a comprehensive examination of mindfulness and key mechanisms.”
BackgroundAndreotti, E., Congard, A., Vigouroux, S. L., Dauvier, B., Illy, J., Poinsot, R., & Antoine, P. (2018) · Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1891/0889-8391.32.2.127 · Cited by 23
“As discussed above, decentering could also decrease rumination by weakening reactivity to thought content (Bernstein et al., 2015) and mediating psychological distress (Coffey & Hartman, 2008; Coffey, Hartman, & Fredrickson, 2010).”
BackgroundThe Role of Mindfulness in Reactivity to Daily Stress in Urban Firefighters
Smith, B. W., Ford, C. G., & McLouth, L. E. S. (2019) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-019-01102-0 · Cited by 25
Trait Mindfulness: A Multifaceted Evaluation.
Polizzi, C., Gautam, A., & Lynn, S. J. (2018) · Imagination Cognition and Personality · doi:10.1177/0276236618774321 · Cited by 23
“Enhanced self-regulation may elicit adaptive engagement with emotional experience, thereby improving insight and metacognition and adaptive reactions to emotions (Chambers et al., 2009; Coffey & Hartman, 2008; Hayes & Feldman, 2004).”
BackgroundChen, M., & Cheung, R. Y. M. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18020444 · Cited by 27
“As correlates of mindfulness, people’s non-judgmental awareness and attentiveness of their experiences facilitate adaptive emotion regulation [7].”
BackgroundMindfulness, response styles and dysfunctional attitudes in bipolar disorder
Perich, T., Manicavasagar, V. L., Mitchell, P. B., & Ball, J. R. B. (2011) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.06.004 · Cited by 24
Tingaz, E. O., Solmaz, S., Ekiz, M. A., & Atasoy, M. (2023) · Sport Sciences for Health · doi:10.1007/s11332-022-00935-y · Cited by 21
“Increased mindfulness is associated with lower levels of anxiety, depression [7, 8], and stress [9].”
BackgroundLohani, M., McElvaine, K. K., Payne, B. R., Mitcheom, K., & Britton, W. B. (2020) · Complementary Therapies in Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102525 · Cited by 23
Liu, T., Liu, Z., Zhang, L., & Mu, S. (2021) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2021.111223 · Cited by 24
“Third, the MAAS used in the current study has a single-factor structure, which only allows investigation of mechanisms involving a specific aspect of mindfulness, namely acting with awareness (Coffey & Hartman, 2008).”
MethodIsrael, M. M., Franco, C., & Eduardo, J. M. (2011) · Clínica y Salud · doi:10.5093/cl2011v22n2a3 · Cited by 33
Morgan, J. R., Masuda, A., & Anderson, P. L. (2013) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-013-0216-8 · Cited by 21
“The MAAS is also related to a range of psychological health outcomes in majority White populations, such as self-esteem, optimism, and self-actualization (Brown and Ryan 2003), as well as lower levels of psychological difficulties, such as rumination and neuroticism (Coffey and Hartman 2008; Brown and Ryan 2003) and e…”
Dual mechanisms of cognitive control in mindful individuals
Aguerre, N. V., Bajo, M. T., & Gómez‐Ariza, C. J. (2020) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/s00426-020-01377-2 · Cited by 23
Mahmoudzadeh, S., Mohammadkhani, P., Dolatshahi, B., & Moradi, S. (2015) · Practice in Clinical Psychology · Cited by 17
Lombas, A. S., Martín-Albó, J., Valdivia‐Salas, S., & Jiménez, T. I. (2014) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2014.07.016 · Cited by 20
“There are recent studies that have combined the assessment of mindfulness and emotion regulation strategies to predict mental health (Coffey & Hartman, 2008; Coffey, Hartman, & Fredrickson, 2010).”
BackgroundMindful attention predicts greater recovery from negative emotions, but not reduced reactivity
Cho, S., Lee, H., Oh, K. J., & Soto, J. A. (2016) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2016.1199422 · Cited by 21
“This is consistent with previous findings pointing to a close link between mindfulness and reduced rumination (Coffey & Hartman, 2008).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialWisener, M., & Khoury, B. (2019) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-019-01172-0 · Cited by 25
Neuser, N. J. (2010) · CommonKnowledge Research Repository (Pacific University Oregon) · Cited by 20
Flow in the Time of COVID-19: Findings from ChinaPreprint
Sweeny, K. M., Rankin, K., Cheng, X., et al. (2020) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/e3kcw · Cited by 20
Maddock, A., Hevey, D., D’Alton, P., & Kirby, B. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings · doi:10.1007/s10880-019-09686-4 · Cited by 19
“(2011), and the empirical findings of Coffey and Hartman (2008) and Sahdra et al.”
BackgroundLucas‐Thompson, R. G., Seiter, N. S., Miller, R. L., & Crain, T. L. (2020) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.2980 · Cited by 20
“…see Tomlinson et al., 2018) and sleep (Bogusch et al., 2016; Brisbon & Lachman, 2017; Howell, Digdon, & Buro, 2010; Howell, Digdon, Buro, & Sheptycki, 2008), including in adolescence (Brown et al., 2011; Ciesla, Reilly, Dickson, Emanuel, & Updegraff, 2012; Coffey & Hartman, 2008; Liu et al., 2018).”
Sosyotelizm (Phubbing) ile Bilinçli Farkındalık Arasındaki İlişkide Sosyal Kaygının Aracı Rolü
Parmaksız, İ. (2021) · İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.17679/inuefd.904379 · Cited by 19
Wu, A. M. S., Lai, M. H. C., Zhang, M., Yogo, M., Yu, S. M., Mao, S., & Chen, J. H. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19052951 · Cited by 22
“It facilitates emotional regulation and cognitive appraisal of a problem [39].”
BackgroundKaring, C., & Beelmann, A. (2018) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-018-0987-z · Cited by 23
Gómez-Odriozola, J., & Calvete, E. (2021) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2021.110966 · Cited by 18
Wen, X., Rafaï, I., Duchêne, S., & Willinger, M. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19095051 · Cited by 17
“Nevertheless, there is a consensus that the MAAS measures one of the key aspects of mindfulness, at least: acting with awareness [105].”
BackgroundAwad, E., Hallit, S. R., & Obeïd, S. (2022) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-022-00964-9 · Cited by 17
“Practicing mindfulness and distress have an inverse relationship: higher mindfulness is associated with lower distress [50].”
BackgroundLiao, Y., Huang, T.-Y., Lin, S.-H., Wu, C., Chang, K.-T., Hsieh, S., Lin, S., Goh, J. O. S., & Yang, C.-T. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-37416-2 · Cited by 17
Valikhani, A., Kankat, L. R., Hariri, P., Salehi, S. M., & Moustafa, A. A. (2019) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-019-00321-7 · Cited by 15
Trub, L. R., & Starks, T. J. (2017) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-017-0697-y · Cited by 15
“mediate associations between mindfulness and psychological outcomes (Coffey and Hartman 2008; Pepping et al. 2014),”
BackgroundLucas‐Thompson, R. G., Thompson, Miller, R. L., Seiter, N. S., Prince, M. A., Crain, T. L., & Shomaker, L. B. (2021) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/08870446.2021.1929982 · Cited by 17
“Greater levels of dispositional mindfulness in adolescence are associated with better adjustment and health, including longitudinally (Brown et al., 2011; Ciesla et al., 2012; Coffey & Hartman, 2008).”
BackgroundMindfulness e regulação emocional: uma revisão sistemática de literatura
Peixoto, L. S. A., & Gondim, S. M. G. (2020) · SMAD Revista Eletrônica Saúde Mental Álcool e Drogas (Edição em Português) · doi:10.11606/issn.1806-6976.smad.2020.168328 · Cited by 15
Cheung, R. Y. M., Ke, Z., & Ng, M. C. Y. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0239575 · Cited by 18
“In a similar vein, Coffey and Hartman [11] and Coffey et al.”
BackgroundMethodAnxiety sensitivity and suicide risk: Mindfulness as a psychological buffer for Black adults
Brooks, J. R., Lebeaut, A., Zegel, M., Walker, R. L., & Vujanovic, A. A. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.04.012 · Cited by 15
Fitzgerald, M. (2022) · Journal of Aggression Maltreatment & Trauma · doi:10.1080/10926771.2022.2043971 · Cited by 16
“…criticized for not measuring many of the central tenants of mindfulness (e.g., observing the moment-to-moment experience and attitudes of openness, kindness, and compassion; Grossman, 2011) and only measuring a select few facets of mindfulness such as acting with awareness (Coffey & Hartman, 2008).”
BackgroundJaiswal, S., Huang, S.-L., Juan, C.-H., Huang, N. E., & Liang, W. (2023) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.03.012 · Cited by 13
Adaptasi Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire Bahasa Indonesia
Meindy, N., Djunaidi, A., & Triwahyuni, A. (2022) · Psychocentrum Review · doi:10.26539/pcr.41849 · Cited by 23
“Penelitian pada mahasiswa menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara trait mindfulness dengan regulasi emosi yang lebih baik, serta dapat membantu individu terhindar dari kondisi mental yang mengganggu (Coffey & Hartman, 2008).”
BackgroundTrait mindfulness, emotion dysregulation, and depression in individuals with multiple sclerosis
Duraney, E. J., Schirda, B., Nicholas, J. A., & Prakash, R. S. (2022) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2022.103651 · Cited by 13
Web-based training for post-secondary student well-being during the pandemic: a randomized trial
Wang, Y., & Farb, N. A. S. (2022) · Anxiety Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615806.2022.2079637 · Cited by 15
“…et al., 2021), foster awareness of thoughts, emotions, and sensations (Blanke et al., 2020; Farb et al., 2007), aid in the development of adaptive regulatory strategies (Alkoby et al., 2019; Farb et al., 2013), and cultivate goals and action commitment (Coffey & Hartman, 2008; Wang et al., 2020).”
BackgroundMindfulness and Early Maladaptive Schemas Among Men in Treatment for Substance Use Disorder
Grigorian, H. L., Brem, M. J., Shorey, R. C., Anderson, S. T., & Stuart, G. L. (2020) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-020-01384-9 · Cited by 14
O’Connor, E. J., Crozier, A. J., Murphy, A., & Immink, M. A. (2022) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.1177/00315125221087523 · Cited by 12
“…beneficial, indirect effects on psychological distress via various other mediating variables such as emotion regulation, non-attachment, and rumination (Coffey & Hartman, 2008), and reduced over-responsiveness of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis to acute stress (Creswell & Lindsay, 2014).”
BackgroundPincock, J. S., & Terrill, A. L. (2020) · Spinal cord series and cases · doi:10.1038/s41394-020-0256-y · Cited by 11
“Mindfulness has been shown to be associated with increased well-being [11] and reduction in psychological distress [11, 12].”
BackgroundZhang, J., Hu, Z., Zheng, S., & Liu, Y. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-43984-0 · Cited by 13
Feng, X. J., Krägeloh, C. U., Medvedev, O. N., Billington, D. R., Jang, J. Y., & Siegert, R. J. (2016) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-016-0546-4 · Cited by 11
“…scale is of utmost importance for investigating the mediating effects of nonattachment in models that describe the psychological health benefits of mindfulness (McIntosh 1997; Brown et al. 2007; Grabovac et al. 2011; Coffey and Hartman 2008; Coffey et al. 2010; Ju and Lee 2015; Tran et al. 2014).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialChou, S. C.-M. (2024) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-024-05659-2 · Cited by 13
“Mindfulness studies revealed that focusing on the present moment helps alleviate distress (Coffey & Hartman, 2008).”
Chen, P., Kirk, U., & Dikker, S. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.915345 · Cited by 14
“The MAAS has been widely applied and shown to successfully probe specific aspects of mindfulness, such as acting with awareness (Coffey and Hartman, 2008), perceived inattention (Van Dam et al.”
MethodGarcía-Pérez, L., Atencia-Rodríguez, M. E., González, M. D. M. C., & Ruz, R. P. (2025) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2025.2492174 · Cited by 15
“56 Additionally, mindfulness has been linked to reduction in specific symptoms of depression and anxiety, 57 as well as nonspecific psychological distress 58 Preliminary research results also suggest that MBI yields favorable psychological outcomes 59 by fostering mindfulness itself or enhancing…”
Mediation of the Association Between Mindfulness and Emotional Eating Among Overweight Individuals
Watford, T. S., Braden, A. L., & Emley, E. A. (2018) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-018-1064-3 · Cited by 11
Yaşam Doyumuyla Bilinçli Farkındalık Arasındaki İlişki: Yetişkinler Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Parmaksız, İ. (2020) · Uludağ Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.19171/uefad.587932 · Cited by 9
A REVIEW ON MINDFULNESS AND NURSING STRESS AMONG NURSES
Said, Z., & Kheng, G. L. (2018) · ANALITIKA · doi:10.31289/analitika.v10i1.1589 · Cited by 9
Connectome‐Based Predictive Modeling of Trait Mindfulness
Treves, I. N., Kucyi, A., Park, M. S., Kral, T. R. A., Goldberg, S. B., Davidson, R. J., Rosenkranz, M. A., Whitfield, S., & Gabrieli, J. D. E. (2025) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.70123 · Cited by 9
Devine, E. K., Elphinstone, B., Ciarrochi, J., & Sahdra, B. K. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-77644-2_38-1 · Cited by 11
State Mindful Attention Awareness as a Dyadic Protective Factor During COVID-19: a Daily Diary Study
Perelman, Y., Don, B. P., & Bar‐Kalifa, E. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-022-02025-z · Cited by 9
“This awareness was found to be associated with lower levels of rumination (Jain et al., 2007) and higher levels of self-compassion, both of which were found to mediate the association between mindfulness and personal well-being (Coffey & Hartman, 2008; Voci et al., 2019).”
BackgroundGorkem, E. D. A. (2015) · International Journal of Emergency Mental Health and Human Resilience · doi:10.4172/1522-4821.1000183 · Cited by 7
“…& Ögel, 2010; Toneatto, 2002; Wells, 2002; Bishop et al., 2004; Garland, 2007; Corcoran & Segal, 2008), while others focus on the effect of awareness on the emotional regulation (Lynch & Bronner, 2006; Hayes & Feldman, 2004; Coffey & Hartman, 2008; Roemer et al., 2008; Mitmansgruber et al., 2009).”
BackgroundThe relationship between alexithymia and self-harm: The mediating role of mindfulness
Norman, H., Marzano, L., Oskis, A., & Coulson, M. (2021) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-021-01553-6 · Cited by 12
Helping Patients to Help Themselves after Breast Cancer Treatment
Fenlon, D., Khambhaita, P., & Hunter, M. S. (2015) · Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.clon.2015.05.002 · Cited by 8
“Coffey and Hartman [60] conducted a study to investigate three specific mindfulness mechanisms.”
BackgroundJarrett, N. L., Pickett, S. M., Amsbaugh, H. M., & Afzal, B. (2017) · Counseling and Values · doi:10.1002/cvj.12059 · Cited by 5
Positive and Negative Emotions and Nonattachment in Vietnamese Buddhists
Nguyen, H. T. M., & Nguyen, H. V. (2018) · Asian Journal of Social Science Studies · doi:10.20849/ajsss.v3i1.324 · Cited by 8
“Nonattachment was also a mediator between emotions and distress and could predict from eight to ten percent of emotional regulation (Coffey & Hartman, 2008).”
BackgroundErgüler, H., Ferreira, N. B., Adonis, M. N., & Koushiou, M. (2023) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-023-02225-1 · Cited by 8
“Either conceptualization of mindfulness has been related to positive outcomes, including prosocial attitudes (Malin, 2023) and psychological well-being (Bowlin & Baer, 2012; Bul-lis et al., 2014; Cebolla et al., 2018; Coffey & Hartman, 2008; Short et al., 2016; Tomlinson et al., 2018).”
BackgroundExercise dependence in endurance sports: Relation to emotional regulation and negative affectivity
GOÑI, I. L., Jáuregui, P., & Comas, S. F. (2024) · Behavioral Psychology/Psicología Conductual · doi:10.51668/bp.8324109n · Cited by 7
“…emotional regulation correlates positively with behavioral addictions, such as pathological gambling, problematic internet use, video game addiction, alcohol and other substance abuse (Coffey & Hartman, 2008; Estévez, Jauregui, et al., 2017; Estévez, Urbiola, et al., 2017; Schreiber et al., 2012).”
BackgroundChildhood maltreatment, mindfulness, and the mediating role of rumination in college students
Fox, S. W., Morgan, V. R., Strait, G. G., Strait, J. E., & Ranton, K. (2024) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-024-07033-x · Cited by 7
“…evidence for rumination mediating the relationship between mindfulness and psychological outcomes such as depression and negative affect (e.g., Coffey and Hartman 2008; Desrosiers et al., 2013; Jury & Jose, 2019; Petrocchi & Ottaviani, 2016), though studies are limited and findings have been…”
Wiggins, K. T. (2012) · UNM’s Digital Repository (University of New Mexico) · Cited by 6
Duan, W., & Wang, Z. (2018) · Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1007/s10389-018-0938-0 · Cited by 7
“Similarly, the three mechanisms (emotion regulation, non-attachment, and reduced rumination) proposed by Coffey and Hartman (2008) also illustrate the relationship between mindfulness and negative emotional symptoms.”
Zhang, J., Chen, T., Tan, H., Wu, Q., Chen, L., Yuan, C., Ding, X., Zhang, L., Du, C., Li, J., et al. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-022-01882-y · Cited by 8
“Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) (Brown & Ryan, 2003) is a 15-item self-report measure designed to assess acting with awareness (Coffey & Hartman, 2008).”
BackgroundNot “just for fun”: Gambling, substance use, and the transdiagnostic role of emotion regulation
Panayiotou, G., Artemi, T.-F., Theodorou, M., Theodorou, C., & Neophytou, K. (2023) · Cogent Psychology · doi:10.1080/23311908.2023.2183677 · Cited by 8
“The same risk applies to addictive behaviors (Coffey & Hartman, 2008), SUDs (Shadur & Lejuez, 2015) and recently emotion regulation was shown to play a role in gambling (Elmas et al., 2017; Nower et al., 2004; Williams et al., 2012).”
BackgroundLuo, M.-L., Zhu, X.-W., & Lian, S.-L. (2023) · The Journal of Genetic Psychology · doi:10.1080/00221325.2023.2216250 · Cited by 7
Roychowdhury, D. (2021) · Asian Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.ajsep.2021.09.004 · Cited by 8
Strengthening Family Resilience Through Spiritual and Religious Resources
Caldwell, K. L., & Senter, K. E. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-3917-2_25 · Cited by 9
Trait mindfulness predicts inter-brain coupling during naturalistic face-to-face interactionsPreprint
Chen, P., Kirk, U., & Dikker, S. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.06.28.448432 · Cited by 5
Initial Validation of the Brazilian Mindful Eating Scale Among Overweight and Low-Income Women
Salvo, V., Curado, D. F., Sañudo, A., Rezende, F. A. C., & Demarzo, M. (2023) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-023-02122-7 · Cited by 6
“A disadvantage of the unidimensional MAAS is that it only allows the investigation of mechanisms involving a very specific aspect of mindfulness, namely, acting with awareness (Coffey & Hartman, 2008).”
BackgroundFinancial Mindfulness: A Scale
Garbinsky, E. N., Blanchard, S. J., & Kim, L. (2024) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/01461672241265995 · Cited by 12
“To name a few, mindfulness is associated with reduced anxiety, depressive symptoms, and psychological distress (Coffey & Hartman, 2008), in part because it fosters increased life satisfaction, optimism, self-esteem, and autonomy (Brown & Ryan, 2003; Evans et al., 2008; Hofmann et al., 2010).”
Metadata
- Authors
- Coffey, K. A., & Hartman, M.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Venue
- Complementary Health Practice Review
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2008-04
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 79-91
- ISSN
- 1533-2101 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1979392351
- Semantic Scholar
- b6075c0ebeccc12de361cb0168be49ea7728aac2
- Cited by
- 345
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 15.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Complementary health practice review (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Keywords
- mindfulness, psychological distress, emotion regulation, non-attachment, rumination, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, mindfulness-based interventions, trait mindfulness, mediation
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