Racial Inequities in the Federal Buyout of Flood-Prone Homes: A Nationwide Assessment of Environmental Adaptation
Open accessAbstract
One way the U.S. government is responding to the challenges of climate change is by funding the purchase of tens of thousands of flood-prone homes in more than 500 cities and towns across the country. This study provides a nationwide analysis of that program, extending beyond cost-benefit calculations to investigate racial inequities at different scales of local implementation, from county-level adoption, through neighborhood-level participation, to homeowner approval. Statistical analyses indicate that net of local flood damage, population, and incomes, the program disproportionately targets whiter counties and neighborhoods, especially in more urbanized areas where the program now concentrates. Yet it is neighborhoods of color in these areas that have been historically more likely to accept buyouts in greater numbers. The exception is the New York and New Jersey area after Hurricane Sandy. Implications for understanding how racial privilege works through government programs aimed at encouraging environmental adaptation are discussed.
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Households in New York metropolitan area suburbs and exurbs have emissions footprints that are two to three times as large as those in parts of Brooklyn or Manhattan.
“According to one report, households in New York metropolitan area suburbs and exurbs have emissions footprints that are two to three times as large as those in parts of Brooklyn or Manhattan.158”
From NPCC4: Advancing climate justice in climate adaptation strategies for New York City (2024) · cites this paper as [158]
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Residential property value impacts of floodplain buyouts in Charlotte, North Carolina
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Diverging equity implications of FEMA disaster aid received by counties in Gulf coast states
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The Influence of Scale in Modeling Social Vulnerability and Disaster Assistance
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- Authors
- Elliott, J. R., Brown, P. L., & Loughran, K.
- Affiliations
- Rice University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Elliott, James R.
- Venue
- Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2020-01
- Volume
- 6
- ISSN
- 2378-0231 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3006041990
- Cited by
- 120
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 23.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Socius Sociological Research for a Dynamic World (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Environmental Justice and Health Disparities
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Flood Risk Assessment and Management
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Disaster Management and Resilience
- Keywords
- racial inequity, environmental adaptation, climate policy, homeownership, racial privilege, Hurricane Sandy, federal disaster assistance, urbanization
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