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Advances in retinal prosthesis systems
Open accessAbstract
Retinal prosthesis systems have undergone significant advances in the past quarter century, resulting in the development of several different novel surgical and engineering approaches. Encouraging results have demonstrated partial visual restoration, with improvement in both coarse objective function and performance of everyday tasks. To date, four systems have received marketing approval for use in Europe or the United States, with numerous others undergoing preclinical and clinical evaluation, reflecting the established safety profile of these devices for chronic implantation. This progress represents the first notion that the field of visual restorative medicine could offer blind patients a hope of real and measurable benefit. However, there are numerous complex engineering and biophysical obstacles still to be overcome, to reconcile the gap that remains between artificial and natural vision. Current developments in the form of enhanced image processing algorithms and data transfer approaches, combined with emerging nanofabrication and conductive polymerization techniques, herald an exciting and innovative future for retinal prosthetics. This review provides an update of retinal prosthetic systems currently undergoing development and clinical trials while also addressing future challenges in the field, such as the assessment of functional outcomes in ultra-low vision and strategies for tackling existing hardware and software constraints.
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“Due to the considerable distance from BCs, high current amplitudes are required for retinal stimulation, possibly leading to damage due to overstimulation [35,61].”
From Advances in visual prostheses: engineering and biological challenges (2022) · cites this paper as [61]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Bloch, E., Luo, Y., & da Cruz, L.
- Affiliations
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
- Corresponding author
- Bloch, Edward
- Venue
- Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2019-01
- Volume
- 11
- Pages
- 2515841418817501-2515841418817501
- ISSN
- 2515-8414 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6350159
- OpenAlex
- W2909244976
- Cited by
- 201
- References
- 106
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 80 · 2019: 9
- FWCI
- 4.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Retinal Development and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Keywords
- retinal prosthesis, vision restoration, blindness, image processing algorithms, data transmission, nanofabrication, conducting polymers, functional outcome assessment, clinical trials, artificial vision
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