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Cited by 497

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 9 of the 9 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Positive feedback between PGE2 and COX2 redirects the differentiation of human dendritic cells toward stable myeloid-derived suppressor cells

Open access
Obermajer, Nataša, Muthuswamy, Ravikumar, Lesnock, Jamie, Edwards, Robert P., Kalinski, Pawel·2011·Blood

Abstract

Dendritic cells (DCs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) show opposing roles in the immune system. In the present study, we report that the establishment of a positive feedback loop between prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), the key regulator of PGE2 synthesis, represents the determining factor in redirecting the development of CD1a+ DCs to CD14+CD33+CD34+ monocytic MDSCs. Exogenous PGE2 and such diverse COX2 activators as lipopolysaccharide, IL-1β, and IFNγ all induce monocyte expression of COX2, blocking their differentiation into CD1a+ DCs and inducing endogenous PGE2, IDO1, IL-4Rα, NOS2, and IL-10, typical MDSC-associated suppressive factors. The addition of PGE2 to GM-CSF/IL-4–supplemented monocyte cultures is sufficient to induce the MDSC phenotype and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)–suppressive function. In accordance with the key role of PGE2 in the physiologic induction of human MDSCs, the frequencies of CD11b+CD33+ MDSCs in ovarian cancer are closely correlated with local PGE2 production, whereas the cancer-promoted induction of MDSCs is strictly COX2 dependent. The disruption of COX2-PGE2 feedback using COX2 inhibitors or EP2 and EP4 antagonists suppresses the production of MDSC-associated suppressive factors and the CTL-inhibitory function of fully developed MDSCs from cancer patients. The central role of COX2-PGE2 feedback in the induction and persistence of MDSCs highlights the potential for its manipulation to enhance or suppress immune responses in cancer, autoimmunity, or transplantation.

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Metadata

Authors
Obermajer, N., Muthuswamy, R., Lesnock, J., Edwards, R. P., & Kalinski, P.
Venue
Blood
Published
2011-11-17
Volume
118
Issue
20
Pages
5498-5505
ISSN
  • 0006-4971 (ISSN-L)
  • 1528-0020
OpenAlex
W2039146285
Cited by
497
References
9
FWCI
13.38
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Positive feedback between PGE2 and COX2 redirects the differentiation of human dendritic cells toward stable myeloid-derived suppressor cells. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1182/blood-2011-07-365825
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Obermajer, N., Muthuswamy, R., Lesnock, J., Edwards, R. P., & Kalinski, P. (2011). Positive feedback between PGE2 and COX2 redirects the differentiation of human dendritic cells toward stable myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Blood. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2011-07-365825

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