Anxiety symptoms and coping strategies in the perinatal period
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to explore the prospective relationship between anxiety symptoms and coping strategies during late pregnancy and early postpartum. METHODS: Participants completed the Hospital Anxiety Depression-Anxiety subscale and Carver's Brief COPE at two time points, namely during the last trimester of pregnancy (N = 400) and at two months postpartum (N = 158). RESULTS: Antenatally, 18.8% of pregnant women presented severe anxiety symptoms while 20.2% of women presented severe anxiety symptoms after birth. Carver's proposed coping styles allowed to significantly distinguish between anxious and non anxious women during these two periods. Anxious women used significantly more inappropriate coping and less adaptive coping responses, such as self-blame and denial of reality, which remained associated with anxiety in the perinatal period. Our results also indicated a decrease in adaptive coping in women without anxiety after birth (e.g. acceptance, positive reframing). CONCLUSION: Our findings confirm that antenatal and postnatal anxiety symptoms occur frequently and that inappropriate and/or non functional coping may account for persisting anxiety after childbirth. LIMITATIONS: Data were based on self-reports and participating women were predominantly primiparous. A high drop-out rate at two months postpartum must also be acknowledged.
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Acceptance, through a non-judgemental attitude, allowed the women to come to terms with negative emotions such as guilt, self-denial or loss of confidence and self-esteem - all psychological responses associated with anxiety [27, 28].
“Acceptance, through a non-judgemental attitude, allowed the women to come to terms with negative emotions such as guilt, self-denial or loss of confidence and self-esteem – all psychological responses associated with anxiety [27, 28].”
From Effects of an antenatal mindfulness-based childbirth and parenting programme on the postpartum experiences of mothers: a qualitative interview study. (2017) · cites this paper as [27]
The Results associate severe perinatal anxiety with less use of acceptance and more denial and self-blame. The Methods also link problematic coping with guilt and lower perceived self-efficacy. The paper does not show that a non-judgemental attitude allowed women to come to terms with these emotions, or establish the claimed effect on self-esteem. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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- Authors
- George, A., Luz, R. F., De Tychey, C., Thilly, N., & Spitz, E.
- Affiliations
- Interdisciplinarité en Santé Publique Interventions et Instruments de mesure complexes – Région Est (FR)
- Inserm (FR)
- Corresponding author
- George, Astrid
- Venue
- BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
- Published
- 2013-12
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 233-233
- ISSN
- 1471-2393 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3867672
- OpenAlex
- W2019588096
- Cited by
- 121
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 5.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- European Regional Development Fund
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
- Keywords
- perinatal anxiety, prenatal anxiety, postpartum anxiety, coping strategies, late pregnancy, postpartum period, self-blame, denial of reality, adaptive coping, acceptance, positive reframing, primiparous women
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Anxiety, Female, France, Humans, Middle Aged, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Trimester, Third, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Prevalence, Postpartum Period, Young Adult
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