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Organizational stressors associated with job stress and burnout in correctional officers: a systematic review
Open accessAbstract
Background: In adult correctional facilities, correctional officers (COs) are responsible for the safety and security of the facility in addition to aiding in offender rehabilitation and preventing recidivism. COs experience higher rates of job stress and burnout that stem from organizational stressors, leading to negative outcomes for not only the CO but the organization as well. Effective interventions could aim at targeting organizational stressors in order to reduce these negative outcomes as well as COs’ job stress and burnout. This paper fills a gap in the organizational stress literature among COs by systematically reviewing the relationship between organizational stressors and CO stress and burnout in adult correctional facilities. In doing so, the present review identifies areas that organizational interventions can target in order to reduce CO job stress and burnout. Methods: A systematic search of the literature was conducted using Medline, PsycINFO, Criminal Justice Abstracts, and Sociological Abstracts. All retrieved articles were independently screened based on criteria developed a priori. All included articles underwent quality assessment. Organizational stressors were categorized according to Cooper and Marshall’s (1976) model of job stress. Results: The systematic review yielded 8 studies that met all inclusion and quality assessment criteria. The five categories of organizational stressors among correctional officers are: stressors intrinsic to the job, role in the organization, rewards at work, supervisory relationships at work and the organizational structure and climate. The organizational structure and climate was demonstrated to have the most consistent relationship with CO job stress and burnout. Conclusions: The results of this review indicate that the organizational structure and climate of correctional institutions has the most consistent relationship with COs’ job stress and burnout. Limitations of the studies reviewed include the cross-sectional design and the use of varying measures for organizational stressors. The results of this review indicate that interventions should aim to improve the organizational structure and climate of the correctional facility by improving communication between management and COs.
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“For example, correctional work involves a hierarchical, rank-informed, relationship between different staff and the administration, and that organizational structure arguably facilitates stress, job dissatisfaction, and even burnout [23,24,25,26].”
From Canadian Public Safety Personnel and Occupational Stressors: How PSP Interpret Stressors on Duty (2020) · cites this paper as [26]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Finney, C., Stergiopoulos, E., Hensel, J., Bonato, S., & Dewa, C. S.
- Affiliations
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Dewa, Carolyn S
- Venue
- BMC Public Health
- Published
- 2013-01-29
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 82-82
- ISSN
- 1471-2458 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3564928
- OpenAlex
- W2079771075
- Cited by
- 429
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 35 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 53 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 3.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- BMC Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- TSpace (University of Toronto) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
- Public Health Agency of Canada
- Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Workplace Health and Well-being
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Occupational Health and Burnout
- Keywords
- correctional officers, occupational stress, burnout, organizational stressors, organizational climate, organizational structure, supervisory relationship, management-employee communication
- MeSH terms
- Workforce, Adult, Burnout, Professional, Crowding, Humans, Interprofessional Relations, Personnel Staffing and Scheduling, Prisons, Stress, Psychological, Organizational Culture, Occupational Health, Police, Workload, Professional Role
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