Obesity-associated insulin resistance is correlated to adipose tissue vascular endothelial growth factors and metalloproteinase levels
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BACKGROUND: The expansion of adipose tissue is linked to the development of its vasculature, which appears to have the potential to regulate the onset of obesity. However, at present, there are no studies highlighting the relationship between human adipose tissue angiogenesis and obesity-associated insulin resistance (IR). RESULTS: Our aim was to analyze and compare angiogenic factor expression levels in both subcutaneous (SC) and omentum (OM) adipose tissues from morbidly obese patients (n = 26) with low (OB/L-IR) (healthy obese) and high (OB/H-IR) degrees of IR, and lean controls (n = 17). Another objective was to examine angiogenic factor correlations with obesity and IR.Here we found that VEGF-A was the isoform with higher expression in both OM and SC adipose tissues, and was up-regulated 3-fold, together with MMP9 in OB/L-IR as compared to leans. This up-regulation decreased by 23% in OB/-H-IR compared to OB/L-IR. On the contrary, VEGF-B, VEGF-C and VEGF-D, together with MMP15 was down-regulated in both OB/H-IR and OB/L-IR compared to lean patients. Moreover, MMP9 correlated positively and VEGF-C, VEGF-D and MMP15 correlated negatively with HOMA-IR, in both SC and OM. CONCLUSION: We hereby propose that the alteration in MMP15, VEGF-B, VEGF-C and VEGF-D gene expression may be caused by one of the relevant adipose tissue processes related to the development of IR, and the up-regulation of VEGF-A in adipose tissue could have a relationship with the prevention of this pathology.
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VEGF is upregulated in adipose tissue of mice fed a high-fat diet for three days, but reports in chronic obesity show both enhanced and reduced VEGF expression.
“For example, VEGF is upregulated in AT of mice fed a HFD for three days, but there are reports of both enhanced and reduced VEGF expression in chronic obesity (3,13,43,44), suggesting that sprouting angiogenesis is activated early and may or may not persist.”
From The ominous triad of adipose tissue dysfunction: inflammation, fibrosis, and impaired angiogenesis. (2017) · cites this paper as [43]
Other reports have found elevated VEGF levels in obese subjects and a positive correlation between VEGF expression and insulin resistance.
“However, contradictory reports have demonstrated elevated levels of VEGF in obese subjects as well as a positive correlation between VEGF expression and insulin resistance (43).”
From The ominous triad of adipose tissue dysfunction: inflammation, fibrosis, and impaired angiogenesis. (2017) · cites this paper as [43]
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- Authors
- Tinahones, F. J., Coín-Aragüez, L., Mayas, M. D., Garcia-Fuentes, E., Hurtado-del-Pozo, C., Vendrell, J., Cardona, F., Calvo, R.-M., Obregon, M.-J., & El Bekay, R.
- Affiliations
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ES)
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ES)
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Catalunya Sud (ES)
- Venue
- BMC Physiology
- Published
- 2012-04-02
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 4-4
- ISSN
- 1472-6793 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3382430
- OpenAlex
- W2141804732
- Cited by
- 95
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 4.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- BMC Physiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- RISalud Institutional Health Repository of Andalucía (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Comunidad de Madrid (BMD-2423)
- Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad
- Junta de Andalucía
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición
- Servicio Andaluz de Salud
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PS09/00997, PI070953)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Keywords
- obesity, insulin resistance, adipose tissue angiogenesis, vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, MMP-15, MMP-9, subcutaneous adipose tissue, omentum, HOMA-IR, gene expression
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Obesity, Obesity, Morbid, Omentum, Biomarkers, Gene Expression, Neovascularization, Physiologic, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Angiogenesis Inducing Agents, Metalloproteases, Subcutaneous Fat
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