Antioxidant activity of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) essential oil and its hepatoprotective potential
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Natural antioxidant products are increasingly being used to treat various pathological liver conditions considering the role of oxidative stress in their pathogenesis. Rosemary essential oil has already being used as a preservative in food industry due to its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, but it was shown to possess additional health benefits. The aim of our study was to evaluate the protective effect of rosemary essential oil on carbon tetrachloride - induced liver injury in rats and to explore whether its mechanism of action is associated with modulation of hepatic oxidative status. METHODS: Chemical composition of isolated rosemary essential oil was determined by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Antioxidant activity was determined in vitro using DPPH assay. Activities of enzyme markers of hepatocellular damage in serum and antioxidant enzymes in the liver homogenates were measured using the kinetic spectrophotometric methods. RESULTS: In this research, we identified 29 chemical compounds of the studied rosemary essential oil, and the main constituents were 1,8-cineole (43.77%), camphor (12.53%), and α-pinene (11.51%). Investigated essential oil was found to exert hepatoprotective effects in the doses of 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg by diminishing AST and ALT activities up to 2-fold in serum of rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver damage. Rosemary essential oil prevented carbon tetrachloride-induced increase of lipid peroxidation in liver homogenates. Furthermore, pre-treatment with studied essential oil during 7 days significantly reversed the activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase, peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in liver homogenates, especially in the dose of 10 mg/kg. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that rosemary essential oil, beside exhibiting free radical scavenging activity determined by DPPH assay, mediates its hepatoprotective effects also through activation of physiological defense mechanisms.
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The strong antioxidant activity of R. officinalis is attributed to carnosol, carnosic acid, rosmarinic acid, and caffeic acid.
“The strong antioxidant activity of R. officinalis is attributed to some of its chemical constituents, which include carnosol, carnosic acid, rosmarinic acid, and caffeic acid (Rašković et al., 2014)”
From Multi-target neuroprotective effects of herbal medicines for Alzheimer's disease (2022) · cites this paper as Rašković et al., 2014
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- Authors
- Rašković, A., Milanović, I., Pavlović, N., Ćebović, T., Vukmirović, S., & Mikov, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Novi Sad (RS)
- Corresponding author
- Pavlović, Nebojša
- Venue
- BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine
- Published
- 2014-07-07
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 225-225
- ISSN
- 1472-6882 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4227022
- OpenAlex
- W2018220467
- Cited by
- 470
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 47 · 2024: 61 · 2023: 70 · 2022: 66 · 2021: 52 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 20.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnološkog Razvoja (41012)
- Provincial Secretariat for Science and Technological Development
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Medicinal Plant Research
- Keywords
- rosemary essential oil, Rosmarinus officinalis, hepatoprotection, antioxidant activity, carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes, 1,8-cineole, camphor, α-pinene, free radical scavenging
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antioxidants, Carbon Tetrachloride, Female, Liver, Male, Oils, Volatile, Plant Extracts, Random Allocation, Lipid Peroxidation, Oxidative Stress, Rosmarinus, Rats, Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury
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