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Cited by 134Psychological Well-being and Life SatisfactionPsychometric Methodologies and TestingHealth, psychology, and well-being

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

A UK validation of a general measure of subjective well-being: the modified BBC subjective well-being scale (BBC-SWB)

Open access
Pontin, Eleanor, Schwannauer, Matthias, Tai, Sara, Kinderman, Peter·2013·Health and Quality of Life Outcomes
DOI 10.1186/1477-7525-11-150PMC PMC3868314
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The BBC Subjective Well-being scale (BBC-SWB) is a recently developed questionnaire designed to measure people's subjective experiences across the wide breadth of domains commonly included in definitions of well-being. Although it has previously been shown to be a reliable and valid measure of subjective well-being in the general population with good psychometric properties, a limitation of the initial version was that it was developed using responses on a 4-point Likert-style scale. This paper presents the psychometric properties, validity and reliability of a revised version of the scale conducted using 5-point Likert-style responses and tests the hypothesis that the scale measures three underlying dimensions of well-being; psychological; physical health; and relationships. METHODS: A sample of 23,341 participants completed the revised BBC-SWB as part of an on-line open-access battery of self-report measures. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the pre-hypothesised three factor structure, and internal consistency was investigated using Cronbach's alpha. Concurrent validity was assessed through analysis of correlations with demographic variables, scores on the Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scales, and the List of Threatening Experiences Questionnaire. RESULTS: Confirmatory factor analysis supported three factor structure of the measure in the whole sample and for subsamples of males and females. Both the total 24-item scale and the three subscales had good internal consistency, showed no evidence of floor and ceiling effects and correlated significantly with measures of concurrent validity. CONCLUSIONS: This study provided further confirmation of the validity and utility of the BBC Subjective Well-being scale. The modified version is a reliable and valid measure for the online assessment of subjective well-being in the general population with good psychometric properties.

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Figure 1 Confirmatory factor model for the three-factor 24-item BBC-SWB showing completely standardised robust maximum likelihood parameter estimates fitted to the full sample, n = 23,341 All coefficients are statistically significant, *p < .001. The figure shows the latent factors (represented by ovals) of ‘psychological well-being’ ‘physical health and well-being’ and ‘relationships’. The questionnaire items (measured variables) are represented by rectangles. The numbers on the straight arrows connecting the latent factor to the questionnaire item are the loadings of items onto the latent factors, and the numbers by the straight arrows going towards the questionnaire items are the error in the measured variable not accounted for by the factor. The double headed arrow between the latent factors depicts the correlations (standardised covariances) between the latent constructs.
Figure 1 Confirmatory factor model for the three-factor 24-item BBC-SWB showing completely standardised robust maximum likelihood parameter estimates fitted to the full sample, n = 23,341 All coefficients are statistically significant, *p < .001. The figure shows the latent factors (represented by ovals) of ‘psychological well-being’ ‘physical health and well-being’ and ‘relationships’. The questionnaire items (measured variables) are represented by rectangles. The numbers on the straight arrows connecting the latent factor to the questionnaire item are the loadings of items onto the latent factors, and the numbers by the straight arrows going towards the questionnaire items are the error in the measured variable not accounted for by the factor. The double headed arrow between the latent factors depicts the correlations (standardised covariances) between the latent constructs.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 2 Score distribution for the total BBC-SWB, and the three subscales; ‘psychological well-being’ ‘physical health and well-being’ and ‘relationships’.
Figure 2 Score distribution for the total BBC-SWB, and the three subscales; ‘psychological well-being’ ‘physical health and well-being’ and ‘relationships’.CC BY · PubMed Central

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Metadata

Authors
Pontin, E., Schwannauer, M., Tai, S., & Kinderman, P.
Affiliations
  • University of Liverpool (GB)
  • University of Edinburgh (GB)
  • University of Manchester (GB)
Corresponding author
Pontin, Eleanor
ORCID
Venue
Health and Quality of Life Outcomes
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2013
Volume
11
Issue
1
Pages
150
ISSN
1477-7525 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/1477-7525-11-150
PMC
PMC3868314
OpenAlex
W2141240900
Cited by
134
References
35
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3
FWCI
6.98
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Health and Quality of Life Outcomes (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
  • Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health, psychology, and well-being
Keywords
subjective well-being, psychometric validation, scale revision, factor structure, psychological well-being, physical health, interpersonal relationships, concurrent validity, reliability statistics, general population
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, United Kingdom, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Personal Satisfaction, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult

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