The DOI matches its Crossref record; 40 of the 40 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Validation of the Spanish versions of the long (26 items) and short (12 items) forms of the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS)
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Self-compassion is a key psychological construct for assessing clinical outcomes in mindfulness-based interventions. The aim of this study was to validate the Spanish versions of the long (26 item) and short (12 item) forms of the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). METHODS: The translated Spanish versions of both subscales were administered to two independent samples: Sample 1 was comprised of university students (n = 268) who were recruited to validate the long form, and Sample 2 was comprised of Aragon Health Service workers (n = 271) who were recruited to validate the short form. In addition to SCS, the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Trait (STAI-T), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ) were administered. Construct validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability and convergent validity were tested. RESULTS: The Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) of the long and short forms of the SCS confirmed the original six-factor model in both scales, showing goodness of fit. Cronbach's α for the 26 item SCS was 0.87 (95% CI = 0.85-0.90) and ranged between 0.72 and 0.79 for the 6 subscales. Cronbach's α for the 12-item SCS was 0.85 (95% CI = 0.81-0.88) and ranged between 0.71 and 0.77 for the 6 subscales. The long (26-item) form of the SCS showed a test-retest coefficient of 0.92 (95% CI = 0.89-0.94). The Intraclass Correlation (ICC) for the 6 subscales ranged from 0.84 to 0.93. The short (12-item) form of the SCS showed a test-retest coefficient of 0.89 (95% CI: 0.87-0.93). The ICC for the 6 subscales ranged from 0.79 to 0.91. The long and short forms of the SCS exhibited a significant negative correlation with the BDI, the STAI and the PSQ, and a significant positive correlation with the MAAS. The correlation between the total score of the long and short SCS form was r = 0.92. CONCLUSION: The Spanish versions of the long (26-item) and short (12-item) forms of the SCS are valid and reliable instruments for the evaluation of self-compassion among the general population. These results substantiate the use of this scale in research and clinical practice.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The SCS demonstrated good internal consistencies in both Chinese (α = 0.84) [54] and Western population groups (α = 0.66 to 0.91) [55,56,57] (Cronbach’s α in this study = 0.85 for the overall SCS, 0.76 to 0.83 for the SCS subscales) [58].”
From Roles of Parental Psychological Flexibility, Self-Compassion, and Self-Efficacy in Affecting Mental Health and Quality of Life in Parents of Children with Eczema (2023) · cites this paper as [56]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Większość zdotychczas opublikowanych badań prowadzonych wróżnych krajach zreplikowała strukturę SCS-SF zaproponowaną przez Raesa iwsp. [11] iwykazała dobre właściwości skali [30-32].”
From The Polish adaptation of the Self-Compassion Scale Short Form (2024) · cites this paper as [31]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The Spanish version of the SCS-SF shows good internal consistency (α = 0.86) [22].”
From Attachment-Based Compassion Therapy for Reducing Anxiety and Depression in Fibromyalgia (2022) · cites this paper as [22]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The psychometric properties of the instrument are adequate (22) .”
From Mindfulness y duelo: programa MADED, mindfulness para la aceptación del dolor, las emociones y el duelo (2020) · cites this paper as [22]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999) · Structural Equation Modeling A Multidisciplinary Journal · doi:10.1080/10705519909540118 · Cited by 108,788 · cited 1×
“Although a model with a non-significant chi-square estimate is generally considered a model with good fit, Hu and Bentler [33] recommended combinational rules to evaluate the model fit.”
MethodStatistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences
Cohen, J. (1990) · Computers Environment and Urban Systems · doi:10.1016/0198-9715(90)90050-4 · Cited by 65,417
Coefficient Alpha and the Internal Structure of Tests
Cronbach, L. J. (1951) · Psychometrika · doi:10.1007/bf02310555 · Cited by 43,931 · cited 1×
“We examined the internal consistency, test-retest and construct validity of the SCS. Cronbach ’ s α coefficient [36] was used to analyse the internal consistency of the scale.”
MethodAn inventory for measuring depression
BECK, A. T. (1961) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004 · Cited by 38,032 · cited 1×
“The Beck Depression Inventory [21,22] is a self-reported 21-item questionnaire, in which each answer is scored on a scale of 0 to 3.”
Method(1998) · Cited by 36,049
(1970) · Cited by 24,983
Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures.
Bentler, P. M., & Bonett, D. G. (1980) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.88.3.588 · Cited by 20,015 · cited 1×
“We selected these statistics to measure the fit because previous studies have validated the performance and stability of these tests [35].”
MethodThe benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being
Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.84.4.822 · Cited by 13,448 · cited 1×
“The MAAS [17] is a 15-item measure of mindfulness.”
BackgroundPsychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory: Twenty-five years of evaluation
Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Carbin, M. G. (1988) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/0272-7358(88)90050-5 · Cited by 11,696 · cited 1×
“The Beck Depression Inventory [21,22] is a self-reported 21-item questionnaire, in which each answer is scored on a scale of 0 to 3.”
MethodTelling more than we can know: Verbal reports on mental processes.
Nisbett, R. E., & Wilson, T. D. (1977) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.84.3.231 · Cited by 11,317 · cited 2×
“” Unlike mindfulness [3,4], self-compassion is a robust psychological construct reliably measured using SCS.”
BackgroundMethod
Cited by
Sorted by citations
González-Sanguino, C., Ausín, B., Castellanos, M. Á., Saiz, J., López-Gómez, A., Ugidos, C., & Muñoz, M. (2020) · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.040 · Cited by 1,373
“Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) (Neff, 2003) Spanish version (Garcia-Campayo et al., 2014) evaluating how the subject usually acts towards himself in difficult moments in different dimensions.”
BackgroundThe Self-Compassion Scale is a Valid and Theoretically Coherent Measure of Self-Compassion
Neff, K. D. (2016) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-015-0479-3 · Cited by 805
Muris, P., & Petrocchi, N. (2017) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2005 · Cited by 498
“…Ottaviani, & Couyoumdjian, 2014; Japan: Yamaguchi, Kim, & Akutsu, 2014; Korea: Choi, Lee, & Lee, 2014; Portugal: Costa & Pinto-Gouveia, 2011; Spain: Garcia-Campayo et al., 2014; Thailand and Taiwan: Neff, Pisitsungkagarn, & Hsieh, 2008; the Netherlands: Smeets, Neff, Alberts, & Peters, 2014;…”
MethodNeff, K. D., Tóth-Király, I., Yarnell, L. M., Arimitsu, K., Castilho, P., Ghorbani, N., Guo, H. X., Hirsch, J. K., Hupfeld, J., Hutz, C. S., et al. (2019) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/pas0000629 · Cited by 397
A Reconsideration of the Self-Compassion Scale’s Total Score: Self-Compassion versus Self-Criticism
López, A., Sanderman, R., Smink, A., Zhang, Y., van Sonderen, E., Ranchor, A., & Schroevers, M. J. (2015) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0132940 · Cited by 380
Metadata
- Authors
- Garcia-Campayo, J., Navarro-Gil, M., Andrés, E., Montero-Marin, J., López-Artal, L., & Demarzo, M. M.
- Affiliations
- Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa (ES)
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (BR)
- Venue
- Health and Quality of Life Outcomes
- Published
- 2014
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 4
- ISSN
- 1477-7525 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3896764
- OpenAlex
- W2128048948
- Cited by
- 306
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 48 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 14.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Health and Quality of Life Outcomes (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Americanae (AECID Library) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Ciência sem Fronteiras
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- self-compassion, Self-Compassion Scale, Spanish translation, scale validation, short-form questionnaire, mindfulness, construct validity, test-retest reliability, convergent validity, healthcare workers, university students, depression, anxiety, perceived stress, mindfulness-based interventions, psychometric properties, factor structure, cross-cultural adaptation, Catalonia, Andalusia
- MeSH terms
- Anxiety, Awareness, Depression, Empathy, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychological Tests, Surveys and Questionnaires, Self Concept, Spain, Reproducibility of Results, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
