Cited by 62Vector-borne infectious diseasesDermatological diseases and infestationsInsect Pest Control Strategies

Efficacy of an imidacloprid/flumethrin collar against fleas, ticks, mites and lice on dogs

Open access
Stanneck, Dorothee, Kruedewagen, Eva M, Fourie, Josephus J, Horak, Ivan G, Davis, Wendell, Krieger, Klemens J·2012·Parasites & Vectors

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The studies reported here were conducted to ascertain the efficacy of imidacloprid/flumethrin incorporated in a slow-release matrix collar, against infestations of dogs by fleas, ticks, mites and lice. Efficacy was evaluated against the flea Ctenocephalides felis felis, the ticks Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Ixodes ricinus, Ixodes scapularis, Dermacentor reticulatus and Dermacentor variabilis, the mite Sarcoptes scabiei and the biting louse Trichodectes canis. METHODS: Groups of collar-treated dogs (n = 7-10) were infested with fleas and/or ticks at monthly intervals at least, over a period of up to 8 months. Efficacy against fleas was evaluated 24 to 48 h after treatment and 24 h after each re-infestation. Efficacy against ticks was evaluated at 48 h (acaricidal), 6 h (repellent) and 48 h (sustained) after infestation. The effect of regular shampooing or immersion in water on the efficacy of the collars was also tested. Efficacy against flea larvae was assessed by incubating blanket samples after dog contact with viable flea eggs. Effectiveness against lice and mites was evaluated after treatment of naturally infested animals. With the exception of the mites, efficacy was calculated by comparison with untreated negative control groups. RESULTS: Efficacy against fleas (24 h) generally exceeded 95%, and against flea larvae it exceeded 99% for 8 months. Sustained acaricidal (48 h) efficacy, covering a period of 8 months was 100% against I. ricinus, starting 2 days after treatment (in vivo), and 100% against I. scapularis (in vitro), above 97% against R. sanguineus, generally above 97% against D. reticulatus and above 90% for D. variabilis.Repellent (6 h) efficacy 2 days after treatment and continuing for 8 months was consistently 100% against I. ricinus, and above 90% against R. sanguineus.Regular shampooing affected efficacy against fleas and ticks to a lesser extent than regular immersion in water.The collars eliminated Trichodectes canis within 2 days and Sarcoptes scabiei within 3 months. CONCLUSION: The rapid insecticidal and acaricidal properties of the medicated collars against newly-acquired infestations of fleas and ticks and their sustained high levels of preventive efficacy have been clearly shown. Consequently they have the potential to prevent the transmission of vector-borne diseases and other conditions directly associated with infestation throughout an entire season of parasite abundance.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1186/1756-3305-5-102

Cites

39 of 39 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Repeated exposure to flea bites induces flea allergy dermatitis (FAD) in susceptible dogs and cats.

    “Repeated exposure to flea bites induces, in susceptible dogs and cats, a condition called flea allergy dermatitis (FAD).”
  • Dogs with FAD present with erythema, alopecia, excoriation, papules, crusts and itching often leading to self-traumas, while cats show a miliary dermatitis with nibbling, alopecia, intense pruritus, licking, scratching and self-traumas.

    “Dogs with FAD (Figure 4) present with erythema, alopecia, excoriation, papules, crusts, itching often leading to self-traumas (Figure 5), while cats show a miliary dermatitis (Figure 6) with nibbling, alopecia (Figure 7), intense pruritus, licking, scratching, self-traumas [15-18].”
  • Seasonal treatment with formulations containing residual insecticides and/or repellents is the usual basis for flea control.

    “This is usually based on seasonal treatment with formulations containing residual insecticides and/or repellents [7,17,18,101,147], most of which are out of the scope of the present article.”
  • A year round approach is not applied for fleas by pet owners and veterinarians, because control of pulicosis is traditionally suggested from late winter or early spring and continued throughout summer until autumn.

    “In general, a year round approach is not applied for fleas by pet owners and veterinarians, because control of pulicosis is traditionally suggested from late winter or early spring and continued throughout summer until autumn.”

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

2 of the 41 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Supperer R Hinaidy HK Ein Beitrag zum Parasitenbefall der Hunde und Katzen in Ősterreich Deutsche tierärztliche Wochenschrift 1986 93 383 386 3536404
  2. Allsopp BA Bezuidenhout JD Prozesky L Coetzer JAW, Tustin RC Heartwater In Infectious Diseases of Livestock 2004 Volume 1 2 Oxford University Press, Cape Town 507 535

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Stanneck, D., Kruedewagen, E. M., Fourie, J. J., Horak, I. G., Davis, W., & Krieger, K. J.
Affiliations
  • Bayer (Germany) (DE)
  • Clinvet (ZA)
  • University of the Free State (ZA)
Corresponding author
Stanneck, Dorothee
Venue
Parasites & Vectors
Published
2012-05-30
Volume
5
Issue
1
Pages
102-102
ISSN
1756-3305 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2106654502
Cited by
62
References
41
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 5
FWCI
4.94
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Parasites & Vectors (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
  • UpSpace Institutional Repository (University of Pretoria) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Vector-borne infectious diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Dermatological diseases and infestations
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Insect Pest Control Strategies
Keywords
imidacloprid, flumethrin, dogs, flea control, tick control, mite control, lice control, Ctenocephalides felis felis, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Ixodes ricinus, Ixodes scapularis, Dermacentor reticulatus, Dermacentor variabilis, Sarcoptes scabiei, Trichodectes canis, acaricidal efficacy, repellent efficacy, flea larvae
MeSH terms
Neonicotinoids, Animals, Dog Diseases, Dogs, Ectoparasitic Infestations, Siphonaptera, Imidazoles, Insecticides, Larva, Phthiraptera, Mites, Nitro Compounds, Pyrethrins, Ticks, Acaricides

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review