Efficacy of an imidacloprid/flumethrin collar against fleas and ticks on cats
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: The objectives of the studies listed here were to ascertain the therapeutic and sustained efficacy of 10% imidacloprid (w/w) and 4.5% flumethrin (w/w) incorporated in a slow-release matrix collar, against laboratory-infestations of fleas and ticks on cats. Efficacy was evaluated against the flea Ctenocephalides felis felis, and the ticks Ixodes ricinus, Amblyomma americanum and Rhipicephalus turanicus. The number of studies was so large that only a general overview can be presented in this abstract. METHODS: Preventive efficacy was evaluated by infesting groups of cats (n = 8-10) with C. felis felis and/or I. ricinus, A. americanum or R. turanicus at monthly intervals at least, for a period of up to 8 months. Efficacy against fleas was evaluated 24 to 48 h after treatment and 24 h after infestation, and against ticks at 6 h (repellent) or 48 h (acaricidal) after infestation. Efficacy against flea larvae was evaluated over a period of 8 months by incubating viable flea eggs on blanket samples after cat contact. In all cases efficacy was calculated by comparison with untreated negative control groups. RESULTS: Efficacy against fleas (24 h) generally exceeded 95% until study termination. In vitro efficacy against flea larvae exceeded 92% until Day 90 and then declined to 67% at the conclusion of the study on Day 230.Sustained acaricidal (48 h) efficacy over a period of eight months was consistently 100% against I. ricinus from Day 2 after treatment, 100% against A. americanum, except for 98.5% and 97.7% at two time-points, and between 94% and 100% against R. turanicus.From Day 2 until 8 months after treatment the repellent (6 h), efficacy was consistently 100% against I. ricinus, and between 54.8% and 85.4% against R. turanicus. CONCLUSION: The rapid insecticidal and acaricidal properties of the medicated collars against newly- acquired infestations of fleas and ticks and their sustained high levels of preventive efficacy have been clearly demonstrated. Taking into account the seasonality of fleas and ticks, the collars have the potential to prevent the transmission of vector-borne diseases and other conditions directly associated with infestation throughout the season of parasite abundance.
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Repeated exposure to flea bites induces flea allergy dermatitis (FAD) in susceptible dogs and cats.
“Repeated exposure to flea bites induces, in susceptible dogs and cats, a condition called flea allergy dermatitis (FAD).”
From Fleas infesting pets in the era of emerging extra-intestinal nematodes (2013) · cites this paper as [18]
Dogs with FAD present with erythema, alopecia, excoriation, papules, crusts and itching often leading to self-traumas, while cats show a miliary dermatitis with nibbling, alopecia, intense pruritus, licking, scratching and self-traumas.
“Dogs with FAD (Figure 4) present with erythema, alopecia, excoriation, papules, crusts, itching often leading to self-traumas (Figure 5), while cats show a miliary dermatitis (Figure 6) with nibbling, alopecia (Figure 7), intense pruritus, licking, scratching, self-traumas [15-18].”
From Fleas infesting pets in the era of emerging extra-intestinal nematodes (2013) · cites this paper as [18]
Seasonal treatment with formulations containing residual insecticides and/or repellents is the usual basis for flea control.
“This is usually based on seasonal treatment with formulations containing residual insecticides and/or repellents [7,17,18,101,147], most of which are out of the scope of the present article.”
From Fleas infesting pets in the era of emerging extra-intestinal nematodes (2013) · cites this paper as [18]
A year round approach is not applied for fleas by pet owners and veterinarians, because control of pulicosis is traditionally suggested from late winter or early spring and continued throughout summer until autumn.
“In general, a year round approach is not applied for fleas by pet owners and veterinarians, because control of pulicosis is traditionally suggested from late winter or early spring and continued throughout summer until autumn.”
From Fleas infesting pets in the era of emerging extra-intestinal nematodes (2013) · cites this paper as [18]
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- Authors
- Stanneck, D., Kruedewagen, E. M., Fourie, J. J., Horak, I. G., Davis, W., & Krieger, K. J.
- Affiliations
- Bayer (Germany) (DE)
- Clinvet (ZA)
- University of the Free State (ZA)
- Corresponding author
- Stanneck, Dorothee
- Venue
- Parasites & Vectors
- Published
- 2012-04-27
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 82-82
- ISSN
- 1756-3305 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3434012
- OpenAlex
- W2142407242
- Cited by
- 35
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 3.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Parasites & Vectors (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- UpSpace Institutional Repository (University of Pretoria) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Dermatological diseases and infestations
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Keywords
- imidacloprid, flumethrin, flea control, tick control, cats, Ctenocephalides felis felis, Ixodes ricinus, Amblyomma americanum, Rhipicephalus turanicus, acaricidal efficacy, repellent efficacy, flea larvae, sustained efficacy, ectoparasite infestation
- MeSH terms
- Neonicotinoids, Animals, Cat Diseases, Cats, Drug Administration Routes, Female, Imidazoles, Insect Repellents, Insecticides, Larva, Male, Nitro Compounds, Pyrethrins, Tick Infestations, Flea Infestations
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