Ruminal metagenomic analyses of goat data reveals potential functional microbiota by supplementation with essential oil-cobalt complexes
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Essential Oils (EO) are complex mixtures of plant secondary metabolites that have been proposed as promising feed additives for mitigating methane and ammonia emissions. We have previously demonstrated that Essential Oil-Cobalt (EOC) supplementation resulted in increased average daily gain and improved phenotypes (cashmere fiber traits, carcass weight, and meat quality) when cashmere goats received supplementation at approximately 2 mg/kg of body weight. However, the ruminal microbiological effects of EO remain poorly understood with regard to the extent to which ruminal populations can adapt to EO presence as feed ingredients. The effects of varying levels of EO require additional study. RESULTS: In this study, we conducted metagenomic analyses using ruminal fluid samples from three groups (addition of 0, 52, and 91 mg) to evaluate the influence of dietary EOC supplementation on goat rumen bacterial community dynamics. EOC addition resulted in changes of ruminal fermentation types and the EOC dose strongly impacted the stability of ruminal microbiota. The Bacteroides sp. and Succinivibrio sp. type bacterial community was positively associated with improved volatile fatty acid production when the diet was supplemented with EOC. CONCLUSIONS: A clear pattern was found that reflected rapid fermentative improvement in the rumen, subsequent to butyrate metabolism and EOC based feed additives may affect rumen microbes to further improve feed conversion. This observation indicates that EOC can be safely used to enhance animal productivity and to reduce ammonia and waste gas emissions, thus positively impacting the environment.
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Functional prediction pathway analysis exhibited upregulation of lipid and carbohydrate pathways by essential oils.
“Moreover, functional prediction pathway analysis exhibited upregulation of lipid and carbohydrate pathways by EO (233).”
From Phytogenic Additives Can Modulate Rumen Microbiome to Mediate Fermentation Kinetics and Methanogenesis Through Exploiting Diet–Microbe Interaction (2020) · cites this paper as [233]
The Results section (‘Functional characterization of the EOC diet group microbiome’; page unavailable) reports significant enrichment of carbohydrate- and lipid-metabolism gene categories in goats given essential oil–cobalt complexes. This supports a change in those predicted functions, but the passage does not establish that both pathways were upregulated, and the treatment was not essential oils alone. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredEssential oil-cobalt complexes have shown positive effects in ruminants by enhancing productive performance while decreasing NH3 emissions.
“Essential oil–cobalt complexes have shown positive effects in ruminants by enhancing productive performance while decreasing NH3 emissions (233).”
From Phytogenic Additives Can Modulate Rumen Microbiome to Mediate Fermentation Kinetics and Methanogenesis Through Exploiting Diet–Microbe Interaction (2020) · cites this paper as [233]
The Results (Microbial metabolites and morphology in the goat rumen; page unavailable) report significantly increased average daily gain and reduced ruminal NH3-N production with EOC supplementation. The Conclusions suggest EOC could reduce ammonia emissions, but the reported measurement is ruminal ammonia production, not emissions. The claim overstates that part as an observed effect. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredBacteroides sp. and Succinivibrio sp. showed a positive correlation with enhanced volatile fatty acid production in essential oil-supplemented groups.
“It was revealed that Bacteroides sp. and Succinivibrio sp. showed a positive correlation with enhanced VFA production in supplemented groups.”
From Phytogenic Additives Can Modulate Rumen Microbiome to Mediate Fermentation Kinetics and Methanogenesis Through Exploiting Diet–Microbe Interaction (2020) · cites this paper as [233]
Metagenomic analysis of goat rumen revealed that essential oil cobalt complexes significantly manipulated the structural and functional profile of rumen microbiota.
“Recently, metagenomic analysis of goat rumen revealed that EO cobalt complexes significantly manipulated the structural and functional profile of rumen microbiota.”
From Phytogenic Additives Can Modulate Rumen Microbiome to Mediate Fermentation Kinetics and Methanogenesis Through Exploiting Diet–Microbe Interaction (2020) · cites this paper as [233]
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- Authors
- Lei, Z., Zhang, K., Li, C., Jiao, T., Wu, J., Wei, Y., Tian, K., Li, C., Tang, D., Davis, D. I., Casper, D. P., Jiang, H., Wang, X., & Wang, J.
- Affiliations
- Gansu Agricultural University (CN)
- Northwest A&F University (CN)
- Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CN)
- Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science (CN)
- Novo Nordisk Canada (Canada) (CA)
- Laboratoire des applications Thérapeutiques des Ultrasons (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Wang, Jianfu
- ORCID
- Venue
- BMC Microbiology
- Published
- 2019-02-04
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 30-30
- ISSN
- 1471-2180 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6362596
- OpenAlex
- W2915235119
- Cited by
- 48
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 8.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- BMC Microbiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (No. 201503134, 201303059)
- China Agriculture Research System (No. CARS-39-18)
- the major science and technology projects of Gansu Province (No. 17ZD2NC020)
- Lanzhou Science & Technology Bureau (No. 2012-2-159)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Keywords
- rumen microbiota, cashmere goats, feed additives, rumen fermentation, volatile fatty acids, Bacteroides, Succinivibrio, butyrate metabolism, methane mitigation, ammonia emissions, microbial community stability, dose-dependent effects
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Animal Feed, Cobalt, Digestion, Fatty Acids, Volatile, Fermentation, Goats, Male, Methane, Oils, Volatile, Rumen, Dietary Supplements, Metagenomics, Microbiota
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