A randomized controlled trial of physical activity, dietary habit, and distress management with the Leadership and Coaching for Health (LEACH) program for disease-free cancer survivors
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: We aimed to evaluate the potential benefits of the Leadership and Coaching for Health (LEACH) program on physical activity (PA), dietary habits, and distress management in cancer survivors. METHODS: We randomly assigned 248 cancer survivors with an allocation ratio of two-to-one to the LEACH program (LP) group, coached by long-term survivors, or the usual care (UC) group. At baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months, we used PA scores, the intake of vegetables and fruits (VF), and the Post Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) as primary outcomes and, for secondary outcomes, the Ten Rules for Highly Effective Health Behavior adhered to and quality of life (QOL), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30). RESULTS: For primary outcomes, the two groups did not significantly differ in PA scores or VF intake but differed marginally in PTGI. For secondary outcomes, the LP group showed a significantly greater improvement in the HADS anxiety score, the social functioning score, and the appetite loss and financial difficulties scores of the EORTC QLQ-C30 scales from baseline to 3 months. From baseline to 12 months, the LP group showed a significantly greater decrease in the EORTC QLQ-C30 fatigue score and a significantly greater increase in the number of the Ten Rules for Highly Effective Health Behavior. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that the LEACH program, coached by long-term survivors, can provide effective management of the QOL of cancer survivors but not of their PA or dietary habits. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinical trial information can be found for the following: NCT01527409 (the date when the trial was registered: February 2012).
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“From baseline to 12 months, the LP group, relative to the UC group, showed a significantly greater decrease in the EORTC QLQ-C30 fatigue score (p = 0.065) and a significantly greater increase in number of 10 Rules for Highly Effective Health Behavior adhered to (p = 0.015).”
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“Yun 2017 [52] TTM Educational workshop, individual telephone coaching, partnership with cancer survivors, resources—no details Not reported Vegetable intake Validated questionnaire Yes 12”
BackgroundInfluentialWáng, Q., Zhou, M., Zhao, D., Lv, G., Zhang, Y., Xie, Z., & Li, P. (2022) · Cancer Nursing · doi:10.1097/ncc.0000000000001138 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
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“Despite the fact that most intervention programs designed by nurses simultaneously include several health promotion behavior measures, including exercise, nutrition, alcohol consumption, and weight and stress management(19-26).”
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Healthy eating interventions in adults living with and beyond colorectal cancer: a systematic review
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Physical activity intervention and posttraumatic growth: A systematic review and meta-analysis
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Dietary interventions for cancer survivors
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“fat Sheppard((57)) Telephone ✓ ✓ Percentage energy from fat, fat Swisher((75)) Individual Yun((61)) Telephone ✓ Zick((53)) Telephone ✓ ✓ ✓ Wholegrains, fish, nuts, seeds”
InfluentialYeary, K. H. K., Yu, H., Gates, M. A., Li, Q., McCann, S. E., Pratt, R. N., Saad‐Harfouche, F. G., Wang, Z., Clark, N., Wang, C., et al. (2024) · Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network · doi:10.6004/jnccn.2023.7086 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Digital Life Coaching During Stem Cell Transplantation: Development and Usability Study
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“Life coaching, whereby trained coaches provide support and longitudinal accountability to empower patients to set and accomplish personal goals, has been effective in several ambulatory cancer populations [30-39].”
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“In the context of cancer care, an intervention that encouraged cancer survivors to recognize self-leadership and targeted selfleadership led to fewer unhealthy behaviors due to changes in life style and improved quality of life.(26,31) The results of these previous studies reinforce the importance of leadership skills…”
ResultSelf-citationRooney, A. G., Hewins, W., Walker, A., Mackinnon, M., Withington, L., Robson, S., Torrens, C., Hopcroft, L. E. M., Clark, A., Anderson, G., et al. (2022) · Neuro-Oncology Practice · doi:10.1093/nop/npac086 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
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“Three included telephone counseling [18,29,48].”
BackgroundInfluentialDeveloping and evaluating a participatory arts programme for cancer patients and their caregivers
Lefebvre, T., Tack, L., Meersman, M., Vanneste, H., Cool, L., Eygen, K. V., Stellamans, K., Derijcke, S., Vergauwe, P. L., Backer, J. D., et al. (2020) · Acta Clinica Belgica · doi:10.1080/17843286.2020.1773653 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
A scoping review of psychosocial oncology interventions promoting posttraumatic growth
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Zhou, P., Kim, Y., & Lee, J. (2023) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods12193554 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“A health management program conducted in CS for one year improved the quality of life, but there were limitations regarding PA and the management of eating habits [15].”
MethodSelf-citationJi, R., Zhang, L., Ji, Y., Li, G., Wang, R., & Xu, C. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.836950 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“A randomized controlled trial suggested that self-leadership had explicit impacts on individual efficacy (14), played a vital role in improving group performance, reduced turnover rate, and promoted competitiveness (15).”
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“The UMA-CHAPA study showed a significant decrease in anxiety, especially at M3, which was consistent with other earlier studies evaluating supervised APA programs with a greater improvement in functional ability and anxiety level in intervention groups [49,50].”
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“Our findings demonstrate patterns resonant with those in similarly designed health coaching interventions tested in cancer survivors [19,20], align with existing literature on the benefits of structured health coaching, and affirm that tailored interventions can significantly impact exercise…”
Sleep Treatment Education Program for Cancer Survivors: Protocol for an Efficacy Trial
Bice, B., Michaud, A. L., McCormick, K. G., Miklos, E. M., Descombes, I. D., Medeiros-Nancarrow, C., Zhou, E. S., & Recklitis, C. J. (2024) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/60762 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“Coaching sessions have been demonstrated as an effective enhancement to behavioral interventions for cancer survivors and other populations [55-59].”
Michaud, A. L., Bice, B., Miklos, E. M., McCormick, K., Medeiros-Nancarrow, C., Zhou, E. S., & Recklitis, C. J. (2023) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/52315 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
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“Three studies evaluated anxiety [88–90], of which only one study demonstrated significant reduction in anxiety [88].”
Global research trends and hotspots in breast cancer related fatigue: a bibliometric investigation
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- Authors
- Yun, Y. H., Kim, Y. A., Lee, M. K., Sim, J. A., Nam, B.-H., Kim, S., Lee, E. S., Noh, D.-Y., Lim, J.-Y., Kim, S., Kim, S.-Y., Cho, C.-H., Jung, K. H., Chun, M., Lee, S. N., Park, K. H., & Park, S.
- Affiliations
- Seoul National University (KR)
- National Cancer Center (KR)
- Kyungpook National University (KR)
- Kyung Hee University (KR)
- Keimyung University (KR)
- Asan Medical Center (KR)
- Ajou University Hospital (KR)
- Ewha Womans University (KR)
- Korea University (KR)
- Yonsei University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Yun, Young Ho
- ORCID
- Venue
- BMC Cancer
- Published
- 2017-05-02
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 298-298
- ISSN
- 1471-2407 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5412037
- OpenAlex
- W2611184325
- Cited by
- 47
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 2.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- BMC Cancer (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- YUHSpace (Yonsei University Medical Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- AJOU Open Repository (Ajou University) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- KUMeL Repository (Keimyung University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Seoul National University Open Repository (Seoul National University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Center (1010470)
- Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (1320330)
- National Research Foundation of Korea (20100028631)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Childhood Cancer Survivors' Quality of Life
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Women's cancer prevention and management
- Keywords
- cancer survivors, peer coaching, long-term survivors, physical activity, dietary habits, fruit and vegetable intake, distress management, quality of life, anxiety, fatigue, posttraumatic growth, health behavior
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Counseling, Feeding Behavior, Female, Health Promotion, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Quality of Life, Stress, Psychological, Exercise, Treatment Outcome, Survivors
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