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Cited by 85Child Abuse and TraumaSubstance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesChild Welfare and Adoption

Adverse childhood experiences among patients with substance use disorders at a referral psychiatric hospital in Kenya

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Kiburi, Sarah Kanana, Molebatsi, Keneilwe, Obondo, Anne, Kuria, Mary W.·2018·BMC Psychiatry
DOI 10.1186/s12888-018-1780-1PMC PMC6007077
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Substance use disorders are a major cause of health and social problems worldwide. Research evidence shows a strong graded relationship of adverse childhood experiences and substance use in adulthood. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences and their association with substance use among patients with substance use disorders. METHOD: The study used a descriptive cross-sectional design. A total of 134 patients aged 18 years and above receiving inpatient treatment for substance use disorders were recruited into the study. A mental state exam was done to rule out active psychopathology. Data on socio demographic variables, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and substance use was collected using Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire and The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test respectively. Data was analysed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20 for windows. RESULTS: Males accounted for the majority of the study participants (n = 118, 88.1%). Only 43.3% (n = 58) of the participants had a family history of substance use disorder. The most frequently used substance was alcohol which was reported by 82.1% of the participants. Nearly 93% of the respondents had experienced at least one ACE and the most prevalent ACE was one or no parent which was reported by half of the respondents. The adverse childhood experiences significantly associated with current problematic substance use were; emotional abuse, having someone with mental illness in the household, physical abuse and physical neglect. Emotional abuse significantly predicted tobacco (A.O.R = 5.3 (1.2-23.9)) and sedative (A.O.R = 4.1 (1.2-14.2)) use. Childhood exposure to physical abuse was associated with cannabis use [A.O.R = 2.9 (1.0-7.9)]. Experiencing five or more ACEs was associated with increased risk of using sedatives. CONCLUSION: There is a high prevalence of adverse childhood experiences among patients with substance use disorders. Experiencing emotional abuse, having someone with mental illness in the household, physical abuse and physical neglect in childhood are risk factors of substance use disorders. ACEs screening and management should be incorporated in substance abuse prevention programs and policies.

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  • Some of the included studies have linked specific types of ACEs with an increased risk of SUD.

    “In this sense, some of the studies have linked specific types of ACEs with an increased risk of SUD (Fuller-Thomson et al., 2016;Gomez et al., 2018;Kiburi et al., 2018;Levenson, 2016).”

    From Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and substance use disorder (SUD): A scoping review (2021) · cites this paper as Kiburi et al., 2018

    The Discussion links specific ACEs to greater substance use: emotional abuse to tobacco use and physical abuse to current cannabis use. But this study examined associations among patients who already had substance use disorders, so its findings do not establish an increased risk of developing a disorder. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. [23]Kazeem OT. A Validation of the Adverse Childhood Experiences Scale in Nigeria. 2015;5(11):2225–484. Available from: http://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/RHSS/article/viewFile/23421/24137.

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Authors
Kiburi, S. K., Molebatsi, K., Obondo, A., & Kuria, M. W.
Affiliations
  • University of Botswana (BW)
  • University of Nairobi (KE)
Corresponding author
Kiburi, Sarah Kanana
ORCID
Venue
BMC Psychiatry
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2018-06-18
Volume
18
Issue
1
Pages
197-197
ISSN
1471-244X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/s12888-018-1780-1
PMC
PMC6007077
OpenAlex
W2807755344
Cited by
84
References
34
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1
FWCI
9.40
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • BMC Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Greater South Information System
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
  • Social Sciences › Safety Research › Child Welfare and Adoption
Keywords
adverse childhood experiences, substance use disorders, emotional abuse, physical abuse, physical neglect, sedative use, tobacco use, cannabis use, alcohol consumption, family history of substance use disorder, psychiatric inpatients, Kenya
MeSH terms
Exposure to Violence, Adult Survivors of Child Adverse Events, Adverse Childhood Experiences, Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child Abuse, Cross-Sectional Studies, Emotions, Family Characteristics, Female, Hospitals, Psychiatric, Humans, Kenya, Male, Parents, Referral and Consultation, Risk Factors, Social Problems, Prevalence, Child of Impaired Parents, Substance-Related Disorders, Young Adult

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