Mesenchymal stem cells and their secreted molecules predominantly ameliorate fulminant hepatic failure and chronic liver fibrosis in mice respectively
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BACKGROUND: Orthotopic liver transplantation is the only effective treatment for liver failure but limited with shortage of available donor organs. Recent studies show promising results of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based therapies. METHODS: We systematically investigate the therapeutic effects of MSCs or MSC-conditioned medium (MSC-CM) in ameliorating fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) and chronic liver fibrosis in mice. In addition, extensive flow cytometry analysis of spleens from vehicle and MSC- and MSC-CM-treated mice was applied to reveal the alteration of inflammatory state. RESULTS: In FHF model, MSCs treatment reduced remarkably the death incidents; the analysis of gross histopathology showed that control livers were soft and shrunken with extensive extravasated blood, which was gradually reduced at later time points, while MSC-treated livers showed gross pathological changes, even 24 h after MSC infusion, and hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed dramatical hepatocellular death with cytoplasmic vacuolization suppressed by MSCs treatment; flow cytometry analysis of total lymphocytes showed that macrophages (F4/80) infiltrated into control livers more than MSC-treated livers; by contrast, MSC-CM partially ameliorates FHF. In chronic liver injury model, MSC and MSC-CM both suppressed fibrogenesis and necroinflammatory, and the later was better; activation of hepatic stellate cells (α-SMA) was inhibited; glycogen synthesis and storage (indicated by periodic acid-Schiff -staining) was improved; liver regeneration (Ki67) was promoted while liver apoptosis (TUNEL) was reduced. In the in vitro, MSCs promote macrophage line RAW264.7 apoptosis and MSC-CM promotes apoptosis and inhibits proliferation of HSC line LX-2. We also found that MSCs and MSC-CM could improve spleen; MSC-CM increased levels of Th2 and Treg cells, and reduced levels of Th17 cells, whereas levels of Th1 cells were unchanged; comparatively, MSC treatment did not affect Th17 and Treg cells and only slightly alters inflammatory state; MSC and MSC-CM treatment both substantially down-regulated macrophages in the spleens. CONCLUSION: Both MSCs and MSC-CM exert therapeutic effects by acting on various key cells during the pathogenesis of FHF and chronic fibrosis, stimulating hepatocyte proliferation and suppressing apoptosis, down-regulating infiltrating macrophages, converting CD4(+) T lymphocyte system into an anti-inflammatory state, and facilitating hepatic stellate cell death.
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Preclinical studies and clinical trials demonstrated that MSC transplantation significantly improves liver function and is safe and effective in liver failure.
“Preclinical studies [22–25] and clinical trials [26–30] demonstrated that MSC transplantation significantly improves liver function and is safe and effective in the treatment of liver failure.”
From From signaling pathways to clinical trials: mesenchymal stem cells as multimodal regenerative architects in liver cirrhosis therapy (2025) · cites this paper as [23]
The Results (page unavailable) report improved survival and liver histopathology after MSC transplantation in mice with fulminant hepatic failure, supporting the preclinical efficacy portion of the sentence. This mouse study does not establish clinical safety or effectiveness; the citing sentence assigns clinical trials to a separate group of references. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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- Authors
- Huang, B., Cheng, X., Wang, H., Huang, W., la Ga hu, Z., Wang, D., Zhang, K., Zhang, H., Xue, Z., Da, Y., Zhang, N., Hu, Y., Yao, Z., Qiao, L., Gao, F., & Zhang, R.
- Affiliations
- Tianjin Medical University (CN)
- Tianjin Hospital (CN)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Gao, Fei
- Zhang, Rongxin
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Translational Medicine
- Published
- 2016-02-09
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 45-45
- ISSN
- 1479-5876 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4746907
- OpenAlex
- W2254654454
- Cited by
- 183
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 6
- FWCI
- 11.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Journal of Translational Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2012CB932503)
- Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (CN) (2011CB933100)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (CN) (91029705, 81172864, 81272317)
- Scientific Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Science (XDA 01040106)
- Ministry of Education (Tianjin) (TD12-5025)
- Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City (CN) (14JCTPJC00487)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics › Mesenchymal stem cell research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver physiology and pathology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Keywords
- mesenchymal stem cells, MSC-conditioned medium, acute liver failure, chronic liver fibrosis, hepatic stellate cells, macrophage infiltration, Th17/Treg balance, hepatocyte apoptosis, liver regeneration, hepatocyte proliferation, liver fibrosis, MSC-based therapy
- MeSH terms
- RAW 264.7 Cells, Animals, Carbon Tetrachloride, Chronic Disease, Female, Inflammation, Liver, Liver Cirrhosis, Macrophages, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Inbred ICR, Regeneration, Down-Regulation, Survival Analysis, Culture Media, Conditioned, Liver Failure, Acute, Apoptosis, Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation, Cell Proliferation, Mice, Hepatic Stellate Cells, Mesenchymal Stem Cells
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