Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors: future therapeutic strategies for epilepsy management
Open accessAbstract
Epilepsy, a common multifactorial neurological disease, affects about 69 million people worldwide constituting nearly 1% of the world population. Despite decades of extensive research on understanding its underlying mechanism and developing the pharmacological treatment, very little is known about the biological alterations leading to epileptogenesis. Due to this gap, the currently available antiepileptic drug therapy is symptomatic in nature and is ineffective in 30% of the cases. Mounting evidences revealed the pathophysiological role of neuroinflammation in epilepsy which has shifted the focus of epilepsy researchers towards the development of neuroinflammation-targeted therapeutics for epilepsy management. Markedly increased expression of key inflammatory mediators in the brain and blood-brain barrier may affect neuronal function and excitability and thus may increase seizure susceptibility in preclinical and clinical settings. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), an enzyme synthesizing the proinflammatory mediators, prostaglandins, has widely been reported to be induced during seizures and is considered to be a potential neurotherapeutic target for epilepsy management. However, the efficacy of such therapy involving COX-2 inhibition depends on various factors viz., therapeutic dose, time of administration, treatment duration, and selectivity of COX-2 inhibitors. This article reviews the preclinical and clinical evidences supporting the role of COX-2 in seizure-associated neuroinflammation in epilepsy and the potential clinical use of COX-2 inhibitors as a future strategy for epilepsy treatment.
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Tolfenamic acid is an inhibitor of the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX), also called prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), which is involved in the conversion of fatty acids to prostaglandin and is targeted by a variety of anti-inflammatory drugs.
“TA is an inhibitor of the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX), also called prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), which is involved in the conversion of fatty acids to prostaglandin41 and is targeted by a variety of anti-inflammatory drugs42.”
From A statistical framework for high-content phenotypic profiling using cellular feature distributions (2022) · cites this paper as [42]
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Dhapola, R., Hota, S. S., Sarma, P., Bhattacharyya, A., Medhi, B., & Reddy, D. H. (2021) · Inflammopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s10787-021-00889-6 · Cited by 383 · see citing works
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A statistical framework for high-content phenotypic profiling using cellular feature distributions
Pearson, Y. E., Kremb, S., Butterfoss, G. L., Xie, X., Fahs, H., & Gunsalus, K. C. (2022) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-022-04343-3 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“TA is an inhibitor of the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX), also called prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), which is involved in the conversion of fatty acids to prostaglandin 41 and is targeted by a variety of anti-in fl ammatory drugs 42 .”
- Authors
- Rawat, C., Kukal, S., Dahiya, U. R., & Kukreti, R.
- Affiliations
- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Kukreti, Ritushree
- Venue
- Journal of Neuroinflammation
- Published
- 2019-10-30
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 197-197
- ISSN
- 1742-2094 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6822425
- OpenAlex
- W2982629815
- Cited by
- 162
- References
- 164
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 12
- FWCI
- 2.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroinflammation (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Greater South Information System
- Funders
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (MLP1804)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Epilepsy research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Keywords
- cyclooxygenase-2, COX-2 inhibitors, epilepsy, neuroinflammation, epileptogenesis, seizures, prostaglandins, blood-brain barrier, antiepileptic drugs, seizure susceptibility
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anticonvulsants, Clinical Trials as Topic, Epilepsy, Forecasting, Humans, Disease Management, Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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