Beneficial effects of inorganic nitrate/nitrite in type 2 diabetes and its complications
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM: The ability of inorganic nitrate and nitrite to convert to nitric oxide (NO), and some of its properties e.g. regulation of glucose metabolism, vascular homeostasis, and insulin signaling pathway, have recently raised the hypothesis that inorganic nitrate and nitrite could be potential therapeutic agents in type 2 diabetes. In this review, we reviewed experimental and clinical studies investigating the effect of nitrate/nitrite administration on various aspects of type 2 diabetes. FINDINGS: Studies showed that an altered metabolism of nitrate/nitrite and impaired NO pathway occurs in diabetes which could contribute to its complications. Some important beneficial properties, including regulation of glucose homeostasis and insulin signaling pathway, improvement of insulin resistance and vascular function, hypotensive, hypolipidemic as well as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects have been observed following administration of inorganic nitrate/nitrite. CONCLUSION: It seems that dietary nitrate/nitrite could be a compensatory fuel for a disrupted nitrate/nitrite/NO pathway and related disorders in diabetes. Although some beneficial properties of nitrate/nitrite have been reported by experimental investigations, long-term clinical studies with various doses of inorganic nitrate/nitrite supplementation, are recommended to confirm these effects.
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Inorganic nitrate/nitrite may serve as a substitute for endogenous nitric oxide, improving glucose absorption and insulin signaling while reducing insulin resistance and diabetes problems.
“Research from both in vitro and/or In vivo models suggests that inorganic nitrate/nitrite may serve as a substitute for endogenous nitric oxide (NO), improving glucose absorption and the signaling route for insulin while reducing insulin resistance and the problems associated with diabetes.”
From A critical review on diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2 management approaches: from lifestyle modification to current and novel targets and therapeutic agents. (2024) · cites this paper as [100]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Bahadoran, Z., Ghasemi, A., Mirmiran, P., Azizi, F., & Hadaegh, F.
- Affiliations
- Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences (IR)
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (IR)
- Corresponding author
- Hadaegh, Farzad
- Venue
- Nutrition & Metabolism
- Published
- 2015-05-16
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 16-16
- ISSN
- 1743-7075 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4436104
- OpenAlex
- W2143535162
- Cited by
- 82
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 6.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Nutrition & Metabolism (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
- Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Keywords
- inorganic nitrate, nitrite, type 2 diabetes, nitric oxide, nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway, insulin resistance, glucose homeostasis, insulin signaling, vascular function, diabetes complications, antihypertensive effect, hypolipidemic effect, anti-inflammatory activity, antioxidant activity, nitrate supplementation
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