CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 101Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalusBarrier Structure and Function StudiesIon Transport and Channel Regulation

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 55 of the 56 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Is bulk flow plausible in perivascular, paravascular and paravenous channels?

Open access
Faghih, Mohammad M., Sharp, M. Keith·2018·Fluids and Barriers of the CNS
DOI 10.1186/s12987-018-0103-8PMC PMC6003203
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Transport of solutes has been observed in the spaces surrounding cerebral arteries and veins. Indeed, transport has been found in opposite directions in two different spaces around arteries. These findings have motivated hypotheses of bulk flow within these spaces. The glymphatic circulation hypothesis involves flow of cerebrospinal fluid from the cortical subarachnoid space to the parenchyma along the paraarterial (extramural, Virchow-Robin) space around arteries, and return flow to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) space via paravenous channels. The second hypothesis involves flow of interstitial fluid from the parenchyma to lymphatic vessels along basement membranes between arterial smooth muscle cells. METHODS: This article evaluates the plausibility of steady, pressure-driven flow in these channels with one-dimensional branching models. RESULTS: According to the models, the hydraulic resistance of arterial basement membranes is too large to accommodate estimated interstitial perfusion of the brain, unless the flow empties to lymphatic ducts after only several generations (still within the parenchyma). The estimated pressure drops required to drive paraarterial and paravenous flows of the same magnitude are not large, but paravenous flow back to the CSF space means that the total pressure difference driving both flows is limited to local pressure differences among the different CSF compartments, which are estimated to be small. CONCLUSIONS: Periarterial flow and glymphatic circulation driven by steady pressure are both found to be implausible, given current estimates of anatomical and fluid dynamic parameters.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1186/s12987-018-0103-8

Cites

55 of 55 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Figures

Fig. 1 Hypothetical perivascular and paravascular flow pathways in an artery. Paravascular flow moves inward to the brain tissue between astrocyte end feet and pia mater. Perivascular flow moves outward from the brain tissue in basement membranes between SMCs
Fig. 1 Hypothetical perivascular and paravascular flow pathways in an artery. Paravascular flow moves inward to the brain tissue between astrocyte end feet and pia mater. Perivascular flow moves outward from the brain tissue in basement membranes between SMCsCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 2 Schematic of the arterial tree
Fig. 2 Schematic of the arterial treeCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 3 Cumulative periarterial resistance
Fig. 3 Cumulative periarterial resistanceCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 4 Cumulative paraarterial resistance
Fig. 4 Cumulative paraarterial resistanceCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 5 Cumulative paravenous resistance
Fig. 5 Cumulative paravenous resistanceCC BY · PubMed Central

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 56 references

Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. Robin C. Recherches sur quelques particularites de la structure des capillaires de l’encephale. J Physiol Homme Animaux. 1859;2:537–48.
  2. Sharp MK, Darcy-Brinkman model of shearaugmented dispersion in cerebrovascular basement membranes and the spinal subarachnoid space. 2017 Cerebrospinal Fluid Dynamics Symposium, Atlanta, GA, 19–20 June 2017.
  3. Cieslicki K. Experimental and numerical modeling in cerebral arteries. J Med Informat Technol. 2004;7:17–26.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Faghih, M. M., & Sharp, M. K.
Affiliations
University of Louisville (US)
Corresponding author
Sharp, M. Keith
ORCID
Sharp, M. Keith
Venue
Fluids and Barriers of the CNS
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2018-06-15
Volume
15
Issue
1
Pages
17-17
ISSN
2045-8118 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/s12987-018-0103-8
PMC
PMC6003203
OpenAlex
W2807029080
Cited by
101
References
56
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 5
FWCI
5.13
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Fluids and Barriers of the CNS (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ion Transport and Channel Regulation
Keywords
bulk flow, perivascular spaces, cerebrospinal fluid transport, interstitial fluid, lymphatic drainage, pressure-driven flow, brain parenchyma
MeSH terms
Basement Membrane, Blood Vessels, Brain, Cerebrospinal Fluid, Humans, Models, Biological, Viscosity, Extracellular Fluid

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review