Cited by 215Cancer Immunotherapy and BiomarkersImmunotherapy and Immune ResponsesImmune cells in cancer

Tumor-intrinsic signaling pathways: key roles in the regulation of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment

Open access
Yang, Li, Li, Aitian, Lei, Qingyang, Zhang, Yi·2019·Journal of Hematology & Oncology

Abstract

Immunotherapy is a currently popular treatment strategy for cancer patients. Although recent developments in cancer immunotherapy have had significant clinical impact, only a subset of patients exhibits clinical response. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms of immunotherapy resistance is necessary. The mechanisms of immune escape appear to consist of two distinct tumor characteristics: a decrease in effective immunocyte infiltration and function and the accumulation of immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment. Several host-derived factors may also contribute to immune escape. Moreover, inter-patient heterogeneity predominantly results from differences in somatic mutations between cancers, which has led to the hypothesis that differential activation of specific tumor-intrinsic pathways may explain the phenomenon of immune exclusion in a subset of cancers. Increasing evidence has also shown that tumor-intrinsic signaling plays a key role in regulating the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and tumor immune escape. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms underlying immune avoidance mediated by tumor-intrinsic signaling may help identify new therapeutic targets for expanding the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1186/s13045-019-0804-8

Cites

126 of 126 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • In the tumor microenvironment, immunosuppression and tumor evasion strategies cause an inability of the immune cells to detect and eliminate with subsequent exhaustion.

    “In the tumor microenvironment, immunosuppression and tumor evasion strategies cause an inability of the immune cells to detect and eliminate with subsequent exhaustion (47).”

    From mRNA vaccine with unmodified uridine induces robust type I interferon-dependent anti-tumor immunity in a melanoma model (2022) · cites this paper as [47]

    The Background and ‘Effective immunocyte exclusion and dysfunction’ sections describe tumor immune escape through reduced immune-cell infiltration, impaired function, and immunosuppression. The ‘KRAS signaling’ section reports increased T-cell exhaustion markers in a specific mouse lung-cancer model, but the review does not establish subsequent exhaustion as a general consequence for immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.82)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Yang, L., Li, A., Lei, Q., & Zhang, Y.
Affiliations
  • First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University (CN)
  • Zhengzhou University (CN)
Corresponding author
Zhang, Yi
Venue
Journal of Hematology & Oncology
Published
2019-11-27
Volume
12
Issue
1
Pages
125-125
ISSN
1756-8722 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2990431514
Cited by
215
References
126
Citations by year
2026: 27 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 20 · 2018: 1
FWCI
2.07
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Hematology & Oncology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1804281, 81771781, 81602024)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune cells in cancer
Keywords
immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, tumor immune evasion, cancer immunotherapy resistance, immune exclusion, interpatient heterogeneity, somatic mutations, immune cell infiltration, therapeutic target
MeSH terms
Antineoplastic Agents, Humans, Immunosuppressive Agents, Immunotherapy, Neoplasms, Signal Transduction, Tumor Escape, Molecular Targeted Therapy, Tumor Microenvironment

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review