The global burden of sepsis: barriers and potential solutions
Open accessAbstract
Sepsis is a major contributor to the global burden of disease. The majority of sepsis cases and deaths are estimated to occur in low and middle-income countries. Barriers to reducing the global burden of sepsis include difficulty quantifying attributable morbidity and mortality, low awareness, poverty and health inequity, and under-resourced and low-resilience public health and acute health care delivery systems. Important differences in the populations at risk, infecting pathogens, and clinical capacity to manage sepsis in high and low-resource settings necessitate context-specific approaches to this significant problem. We review these challenges and propose strategies to overcome them. These strategies include strengthening health systems, accurately identifying and quantifying sepsis cases, conducting inclusive research, establishing data-driven and context-specific management guidelines, promoting creative clinical interventions, and advocacy.
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The persistently high AMR mortality rate in sub-Saharan Africa reflects many of the challenges that LMICs broadly face, including fragmented health systems, inadequate ICU facilities, overcrowded ICUs, staff shortages, inadequate universal access to WASH, few trained infection prevention and control personnel, underdeveloped microbiological capacity, and limited access to antibiotics.
“The persistently high AMR mortality rate in this super-region reflects many of the challenges that LMICs broadly face, which include fragmented health systems, inadequate intensive care units (ICU) facilities, overcrowded ICUs, staff shortages, inadequate universal access to WASH, few trained infection prevention and control personnel, underdeveloped microbiological capacity, and limited access to”
From Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance 1990–2021: a systematic analysis with forecasts to 2050 (2024) · cites this paper as [61]
The sections on critical care capacity, human resources, facilities, and diagnostic capacity describe overcrowded ICUs, staffing shortages, inadequate sanitation, and limited microbiology services in low-resource settings. The antimicrobials section also describes limited access to effective antibiotics in LMICs. But the paper does not establish a persistently high AMR mortality rate in sub-Saharan Africa or attribute that regional rate to these challenges; it also does not specifically document a shortage of trained infection prevention and control personnel. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- Rudd, K. E., Kissoon, N., Limmathurotsakul, D., Bory, S., Mutahunga, B., Seymour, C. W., Angus, D. C., & West, T. E.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- Mahidol University (TH)
- Calmette Hospital (KH)
- University of Washington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rudd, Kristina E.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Critical Care
- Published
- 2018-09-23
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 232-232
- ISSN
- 1364-8535 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6151187
- OpenAlex
- W2891115123
- Cited by
- 416
- References
- 87
- Citations by year
- 2026: 30 · 2025: 47 · 2024: 102 · 2023: 56 · 2022: 56 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 27 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 4.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Critical Care (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- cIRcle (University of British Columbia) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Open Collections
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T32HL007287)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Neonatal and Maternal Infections
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology › Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Keywords
- sepsis, global burden of disease, low- and middle-income countries, sepsis mortality, health disparities, health system resilience, sepsis management guidelines, sepsis research, health advocacy, sepsis awareness
- MeSH terms
- Developing Countries, Health Resources, Humans, Global Health, Cost of Illness, Sepsis
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