Cited by 142Algal biology and biofuel productionMicrobial Metabolic Engineering and BioproductionAquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics

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Effective cultivation of microalgae for biofuel production: a pilot-scale evaluation of a novel oleaginous microalga Graesiella sp. WBG-1

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Wen, Xiaobin, Du, Kui, Wang, Zhongjie, Peng, Xinan, Luo, Liming, Tao, Huanping, Xu, Yan, Zhang, Dan, Geng, Yahong, Li, Yeguang·2016·Biotechnology for Biofuels

DOI 10.1186/s13068-016-0541-yPMC PMC4906892

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Commercial production of microalgal biodiesel is not yet economically viable, largely because of low storage lipid yield in microalgae mass cultivation. Selection of lipid-rich microalgae, thus, becomes one of the key research topics for microalgal biodiesel production. However, the laboratory screening protocols alone cannot predict the ability of the strains to dominate and perform in outdoor ponds. Comprehensive assessment of microalgae species should be performed not only under the laboratory conditions, but also in the fields. RESULTS: Laboratory investigations using a bubbled column photobioreactor indicated the microalga Graesiella sp. WBG-1 to be the most productive species among the 63 Chlorophyta strains. In a 10 L reactor, mimicking the industrial circular pond, Graesiella sp. WBG-1 produced 12.03 g biomass m(-2) day(-1) and 5.44 g lipids (45.23 % DW) m(-2) day(-1) under 15 mol m(-2) day(-1) artificial light irradiations. The lipid content decreased to ~34 % DW when the microalga was cultured in 30 L tank PBR under natural solar irradiations, but the decline of lipid content with scaling up was the minimum among the tested strains. Based on these results, the microalga was further tested for its lipid production and culture competitiveness using a pilot-scale raceway pond (200 m(2) illuminated area, culture volume 40,000 L). Consequently, Graesiella sp. WBG-1 maintained a high lipid content (33.4 % DW), of which ~90 % was storage TAGs. Results from the outdoor experiments indicated the nice adaptability of the Graesiella sp. WBG-1 to strong and fluctuating natural solar irradiance and temperature, and also demonstrated several other features, such as large cell size (easy for harvest and resistant to swallow by protozoa) and tolerance to high culture pH (helpful to CO2 fixation). CONCLUSIONS: Graesiella sp. WBG-1 was a promising strain capable of accumulating large amount of storage lipid under nature solar irradiance and temperature. The high lipid content of 33.4 % DW was achieved for the first time in pilot-scale raceway pond. The results also provide evidence for the feasibility of using low-cost raceway pond for autotrophic cultivation of microalgae for biodiesel production.

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Fig. 1 Effects of bicarbonate (a) and nitrate (b) on cell growth (open triangle) and lipid accumulation (filled triangle)CC BY · PubMed Central

Fig. 2 Microalgal growth and biomass productivity in small-scale reactor. a Cultivation in 10 L laboratory circular pond; b cultivation in 30 L outdoor tank PBR in June 2012; and c cultivation in 30 L outdoor tank PBR in July 2012. Time evolution of biomass concentrations and biomass productivities are indicated by line and column, respectively. The areal biomass concentration (C biomass, g m−2) was used in all outdoor experimentsCC BY · PubMed Central

Fig. 3 Cultivation of Graesiella sp. WBG-1 in 200 m2 raceway pond. Changes in culture color and morphology of the cells during cultivation were shown. Intracellular lipid bodies were stained using Nile Red (yellow) and auto-fluorescence of chloroplasts is seen in red. Scale bar 10 µmCC BY · PubMed Central

Fig. 4 Time evolution of biomass concentration (C biomass, open square), biomass productivity (P biomass, filled square), lipid content (C lipid, open triangle), lipid productivity (P lipid, filled triangle), and natural light intensity (I av) during the outdoor raceway cultivation (June 2013)CC BY · PubMed Central

Fig. 5 Biochemical compositions (a) and fatty acid profiles (b) of Graesiella sp. WBG-1 in 200 m2 raceway cultivation. Carbohydrate, protein, and lipid at the 4th day (open column) and 15th day (filled column) are denoted with C., P., and L., respectively. Arrows indicate TAGs content on dry biomass bases (% DW)CC BY · PubMed Central

Fig. 6 Lipid content (C lipid, filled triangle) and biomass-specific light availability (I biomass, open triangle) as functions of nitrate concentrationCC BY · PubMed Central

Fig. 7 Sedimentation of Graesiella sp. WBG-1 cells over night. The homogeneous cell suspension (left) was kept still in a glass cylinder and over 98 % of biomass sedimented to the bottom after about 8 h (right)CC BY · PubMed Central

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Authors: Wen, X., Du, K., Wang, Z., Peng, X., Luo, L., Tao, H., Xu, Y., Zhang, D., Geng, Y., & Li, Y.
Affiliations: Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
Baylor College of Medicine (US)
Corresponding author: Li, Yeguang
ORCID: Wen, Xiaobin
Wang, Zhongjie
Luo, Liming
Zhang, Dan
Li, Yeguang
Venue: Biotechnology for Biofuels
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2016-06-13
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Pages: 123-123
ISSN: 1754-6834 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1186/s13068-016-0541-y
PMC: PMC4906892
OpenAlex: W2429150225
Cited by: 142
References: 41
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 1
FWCI: 3.89
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
Locations: Biotechnology for Biofuels (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (2012FY112900, 2013AA065805)
China Petrochemical Corporation (210080, 215104)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Algal biology and biofuel production
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
Keywords: oleaginous microalgae, microalgae biodiesel, microalgal lipid production, pilot-scale cultivation, Chlorophyta, photobioreactors, strain screening, cell size, pH tolerance, CO2 fixation, autotrophic cultivation

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Effective cultivation of microalgae for biofuel production: a pilot-scale evaluation of a novel oleaginous microalga Graesiella sp. WBG-1

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