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Cited by 49Pancreatic function and diabetesDiabetes and associated disordersMesenchymal stem cell research

Current status of stem cell therapy for type 1 diabetes: a critique and a prospective consideration

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Ghoneim, Mohamed A., Gabr, Mahmoud M., El-Halawani, Sawsan M., Refaie, Ayman F.·2024·Stem Cell Research & Therapy
DOI 10.1186/s13287-024-03636-0PMC PMC10823744
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Abstract

Over the past decade, there had been progress in the development of cell therapy for insulin-dependent diabetes. Nevertheless, important hurdles that need to be overcome still remain. Protocols for the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into pancreatic progenitors or fully differentiated β-cells have been developed. The resulting insulin-producing cells can control chemically induced diabetes in rodents and were the subject of several clinical trials. However, these cells are immunogenic and possibly teratogenic for their transplantation, and an immunoisolation device and/or immunosuppression is needed. A growing number of studies have utilized genetic manipulations to produce immune evasive cells. Evidence must be provided that in addition to the expected benefit, gene manipulations should not lead to any unforeseen complications. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) can provide a viable alternative. MSCs are widely available from many tissues. They can form insulin-producing cells by directed differentiation. Experimentally, evidence has shown that the transplantation of allogenic insulin-producing cells derived from MSCs is associated with a muted allogeneic response that does not interfere with their functionality. This can be explained by the immunomodulatory functions of the MSC subpopulation that did not differentiate into insulin-producing cells. Recently, exosomes derived from naive MSCs have been used in the experimental domain to treat diabetes in rodents with varying degrees of success. Several mechanisms for their beneficial functions were proposed including a reduction in insulin resistance, the promotion of autophagy, and an increase in the T regulatory population. However, euglycemia was not achieved in any of these experiments. We suggest that exosomes derived from β-cells or insulin-producing cells (educated) can provide a better therapeutic effect than those derived from undifferentiated cells.

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  • Exosomes produced from naive MSCs have been applied in the experimental setting to cure diabetes in mice, with differing degrees of success.

    “Exosomes produced from naive MSCs have been applied in the experimental setting to cure diabetes in mice, with differing degrees of success.”

    From A critical review on diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2 management approaches: from lifestyle modification to current and novel targets and therapeutic agents. (2024) · cites this paper as [122]

    The Abstract says naïve MSC-derived exosomes were used experimentally to treat diabetes in rodents, with varying success. The 'MSC-derived exosomes and diabetes mellitus' section reports reduced blood glucose but says euglycemia was not achieved in any of the experiments. Thus the paper supports experimental treatment, including in mice, but not a cure. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Ghoneim, M. A., Gabr, M. M., El-Halawani, S. M., & Refaie, A. F.
Corresponding author
Ghoneim, Mohamed A.
ORCID
Venue
Stem Cell Research & Therapy
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2024-01-29
Volume
15
Issue
1
Pages
23-23
ISSN
1757-6512 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/s13287-024-03636-0
PMC
PMC10823744
OpenAlex
W4391296734
Cited by
49
References
11
Citations by year
2026: 16 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 9
FWCI
5.41
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Stem Cell Research & Therapy (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Greater South Information System
Funders
Mansoura University
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics › Mesenchymal stem cell research
Keywords
type 1 diabetes, stem cell therapy, pancreatic beta cells, pluripotent stem cell differentiation, mesenchymal stem cells, exosomes, immunomodulation, allogeneic transplantation, immunogenicity, teratogenicity, immunosuppression, insulin-producing cells, regulatory T cells, autophagy, insulin resistance
MeSH terms
Cell Differentiation, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Humans, Insulin, Prospective Studies, Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation, Insulin-Secreting Cells

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