Gut microbial metabolite deoxycholic acid facilitates Th17 differentiation through modulating cholesterol biosynthesis and participates in high-fat diet-associated colonic inflammation
Open accessAbstract
Background: High-fat diet (HFD) is closely associated with the increased prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Excessive gut microbial metabolite deoxycholic acid (DCA) caused by HFD plays significant roles in eliciting intestinal inflammation, however, the mechanism underlining the induction of inflammatory response by DCA has not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of DCA in the triggering of inflammation via affecting CD4+ T cell differentiation. Results: Murine CD4+T cells were cultured under Th1, Th2 or Th17-polarizing conditions treated with or without different dosage of DCA, and flowcytometry was conducted to detect the effect of DCA on CD4+ T cell differentiation. Alteration of gene expression in CD4+ T cells upon DCA treatment was determined by RNA-sequencing and qRT-PCR. Bioinformatic analysis, cholesterol metabolic profiling, ChIP assay and immuno-fluorescent staining were further applied to explore the DCA-regulated pathway that involved in CD4+T cell differentiation. The results showed that DCA could dose-dependently promote the differentiation of CD4+ T cell into Th17 linage with pathogenic signature. Mechanistically, DCA stimulated the expression of cholesterol biosynthetic enzymes CYP51 and led to the increased generation of endogenous RORγt agonists, including zymosterol and desmosterol, therefore facilitating Th17 differentiation. Up-regulation of CYP51 by DCA was largely mediated via targeting transcription factor SREBP2 and at least partially through bile acid receptor TGR5. In addition, DCA-supplemented diet significantly increased intestinal Th17 cell infiltration and exacerbated TNBS-induced colitis. Administration of cholestyramine to eliminate fecal bile acid obviously alleviated colonic inflammation accompanied by decreased Th17 cells in HFD-fed mice. Conclusions: Our data establish a link between DCA-induced cholesterol biosynthesis in immune cells and gut inflammation. Modulation of bile acid level or targeting cholesterol metabolic pathway may be potential therapeutic measurements for HFD-related colitis.
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Unhealthy dietary interventions, such as high-fat, high-sugar, and high-salt interventions, negatively impact the gut microbiome and induce intestinal inflammation by impairing TH17 cell functions.
“Unhealthy dietary interventions, such as high-fat, high-sugar, and high-salt interventions, have been shown to negatively impact the gut microbiome and induce intestinal inflammation by impairing TH17 cell functions.698–700”
From Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases (2024) · cites this paper as [698]
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Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases
Loh, J. S., Mak, W. Q., Tan, L. K. S., Ng, C. X., Chan, H. H., Yeow, S. H., Foo, J. B., Ong, Y. S., How, C. W., & Khaw, K. Y. (2024) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-024-01743-1 · Cited by 1,193 · see citing works
- Authors
- Li, D., Zhou, J., Wang, L., Gong, Z., Le, H., Huang, Y., Xu, C., Tian, C., Cai, W., & Wu, J.
- Affiliations
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University (CN)
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Tian, Chunyan
- Cai, Wei
- Wu, Jin
- Venue
- Cell & Bioscience
- Published
- 2023-10-03
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 186-186
- ISSN
- 2045-3701 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10548658
- OpenAlex
- W4387308262
- Cited by
- 35
- References
- 66
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 8
- FWCI
- 3.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Cell & Bioscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (20ZR1446200)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
- Keywords
- deoxycholic acid, Th17 cell differentiation, CD4+ T cell differentiation, cholesterol biosynthesis, CYP51, zymosterol, desmosterol, SREBP2, TGR5, bile acid receptors, high-fat diet, colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, cholestyramine, intestinal inflammation, gut microbiota metabolites
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