Diet may influence the oral microbiome composition in cats
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Periodontal disease is highly prevalent amongst domestic cats, causing pain, gingival bleeding, reduced food intake, loss of teeth and possibly impacts on overall systemic health. Diet has been suggested to play a role in the development of periodontal disease in cats. There is a complete lack of information about how diet (composition and texture) affects the feline oral microbiome, the composition of which may influence oral health and the development of periodontal disease. We undertook a pilot study to assess if lifelong feeding of dry extruded kibble or wet (canned and/or fresh meat combinations) diets to cats (n = 10) with variable oral health affected the microbiome. RESULTS: Oral microbiome composition was assessed by amplifying the V1-V3 region of the 16S gene from supragingival dental plaque DNA extracts. These amplicons were sequenced using Illumina technology. This deep sequencing revealed the feline oral microbiome to be diverse, containing 411 bacterial species from 14 phyla. We found that diet had a significant influence on the overall diversity and abundance of specific bacteria in the oral environment. Cats fed a dry diet exclusively had higher bacterial diversity in their oral microbiome than wet-food diet cats (p < 0.001). Amongst this higher diversity, cats on dry-food diets had a higher abundance of Porphyromonas spp. (p < 0.01) and Treponema spp. (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: While we observed differences in the oral microbiome between cats on the two diets assessed, the relationship between these differences and gingival health was unclear. Our preliminary results indicate that further analysis of the influence of dietary constituents and texture on the feline oral microbiome is required to reveal the relationship between diet, the oral microbiome and gingival health in cats.
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Major historical dietary shifts throughout evolution are accompanied by significant changes in the oral microbiota.
“Major historical dietary shifts throughout evolution are accompanied by significant changes in the oral microbiota.4, 23”
From The oral microbiome: Role of key organisms and complex networks in oral health and disease (2021) · cites this paper as [23]
Wild animals have superior oral health status to animals living in captivity because of the absence of masticatory challenge among foods given to domestic and captive animals.
“Wild animals have an oral health status superior to that of animals living in captivity because of the absence of masticatory challenge among foods given to domestic and captive animals.”
From The oral microbiome: Role of key organisms and complex networks in oral health and disease (2021) · cites this paper as [23]
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Impact of Periodontal Disease on the Oral Microbiome of Cats
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- Authors
- Adler, C. J., Malik, R., Browne, G. V., & Norris, J. M.
- Affiliations
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Adler, Christina J.
- Venue
- Microbiome
- Published
- 2016-06-09
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 23-23
- ISSN
- 2049-2618 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4899902
- OpenAlex
- W2396403092
- Cited by
- 65
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3
- FWCI
- 5.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Microbiome (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Charles Sturt University Research Output (CRO) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Valentine Charlton Bequest
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Veterinary Medicine and Surgery
- Keywords
- cat diet, periodontal disease, dental plaque, Porphyromonas, Treponema, bacterial diversity, gingival health, 16S rRNA gene sequencing
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Animal Feed, Bacteria, Cats, Dental Plaque, Diet, DNA, Bacterial, Feeding Behavior, Gingiva, Mouth, Oral Health, Periodontal Diseases, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Microbiota
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