The DOI matches its Crossref record; 148 of the 151 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The vaginal microbiota, human papillomavirus infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: What do we know and where are we going next
Open accessAbstract
The vaginal microbiota plays a significant role in health and disease of the female reproductive tract. Next-generation sequencing techniques based upon the analysis of bacterial 16S rRNA genes permit in-depth study of vaginal microbial community structure to a level of detail not possible with standard culture-based microbiological techniques. The human papillomavirus (HPV) causes both cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer. Although the virus is highly prevalent, only a small number of women have a persistent HPV infection and subsequently develop clinically significant disease. There is emerging evidence which leads us to conclude that increased diversity of vaginal microbiota combined with reduced relative abundance of Lactobacillus spp. is involved in HPV acquisition and persistence and the development of cervical precancer and cancer. In this review, we summarise the current literature and discuss potential mechanisms for the involvement of vaginal microbiota in the evolution of CIN and cervical cancer. The concept of manipulation of vaginal bacterial communities using pre- and probiotics is also discussed as an exciting prospect for the field of cervical pathology.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Figures
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Untreated women attending for colposcopy have a higher risk of preterm birth than do women without CIN, probably explained by inherent characteristics and genetic, epigenetic, or microbiome factors.40, 41, 42”
From Comparative effectiveness and risk of preterm birth of local treatments for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and stage IA1 cervical cancer: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as [42]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Further evidence indicates that the cervicovaginal microbiota plays a substantial role in the persistence and regression of the virus and thus has important implications for subsequent disease (Chang and Parsonnet, 2010; Mitra et al., 2016).”
From Viral Infections, the Microbiome, and Probiotics (2021) · cites this paper as Mitra et al., 2016
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: Sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012
Ferlay, J., Soerjomataram, I., Dikshit, R., Eser, S., Mathers, C., Rebelo, M., Parkin, D. M., Forman, D., & Bray, F. (2015) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.29210 · Cited by 28,766
Inflammation and cancer: back to Virchow?
Balkwill, F., & Mantovani, A. (2001) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)04046-0 · Cited by 7,746
Turnbaugh, P. J., Ley, R. E., Hamady, M., Fraser-Liggett, C. M., Knight, R., & Gordon, J. I. (2007) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature06244 · Cited by 6,091
Vaginal microbiome of reproductive-age women
Ravel, J., Gajer, P., Abdo, Z., Schneider, G. M., Koenig, S. S. K., McCulle, S. L., Karlebach, S., Gorle, R., Russell, J., Tacket, C. O., et al. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1002611107 · Cited by 4,254
Nicholson, J. K., Lindon, J. C., & Holmes, E. C. (1999) · Xenobiotica · doi:10.1080/004982599238047 · Cited by 3,991
Kostic, A. D., Chun, E., Robertson, L., Glickman, J. N., Gallini, C. A., Michaud, M., Clancy, T. E., Chung, D. C., Lochhead, P., Hold, G. L., et al. (2013) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2013.07.007 · Cited by 2,718
Rubinstein, M. R., Wang, X., Liu, W., Hao, Y., Cai, G., & Han, Y. W. (2013) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2013.07.012 · Cited by 2,476
Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer
Burd, E. M. (2003) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.16.1.1-17.2003 · Cited by 2,420
Amsel, R., Totten, P. A., Spiegel, C. A., Chen, K. C. S., Eschenbach, D. A., & Holmes, K. K. (1983) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/0002-9343(83)91112-9 · Cited by 2,412
Are We Really Vastly Outnumbered? Revisiting the Ratio of Bacterial to Host Cells in Humans
Sender, R., Fuchs, S., & Milo, R. (2016) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2016.01.013 · Cited by 2,050
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Vaginal microbiota and the potential of Lactobacillus derivatives in maintaining vaginal health
Chee, W. J. Y., Chew, S. Y., & Than, L. T. L. (2020) · Microbial Cell Factories · doi:10.1186/s12934-020-01464-4 · Cited by 761
Kombe, A. J. K., Li, B., Zahid, A., Mengist, H. M., Bounda, G., Zhou, Y. Y., & Jin, T. (2021) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2020.552028 · Cited by 715
Uterine Microbiota: Residents, Tourists, or Invaders?
Baker, J. M., Chase, D. M., & Herbst‐Kralovetz, M. M. (2018) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.00208 · Cited by 400
Diversity of vaginal microbiome and metabolome during genital infections
Ceccarani, C., Foschi, C., Parolin, C., D’Antuono, A., Gaspari, V., Consolandi, C., Laghi, L., Camboni, T., Vitali, B., Severgnini, M., et al. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-50410-x · Cited by 351
Brusselaers, N., Shrestha, S., van de Wijgert, J. H. H. M., & Verstraelen, H. (2018) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2018.12.011 · Cited by 321
Metadata
- Authors
- Mitra, A., MacIntyre, D. A., Marchesi, J. R., Lee, Y. S., Bennett, P. R., & Kyrgiou, M.
- Affiliations
- Hammersmith Hospital (GB)
- St Mary's Hospital (GB)
- Corresponding author
- MacIntyre, David A.
- Kyrgiou, Maria
- Venue
- Microbiome
- Published
- 2016-11-01
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 58-58
- ISSN
- 2049-2618 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5088670
- OpenAlex
- W2546959673
- Cited by
- 484
- References
- 151
- Citations by year
- 2026: 51 · 2025: 52 · 2024: 71 · 2023: 54 · 2022: 62 · 2021: 75 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 14
- FWCI
- 2.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Microbiome (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) (acceptedVersion)
- Spiral (Imperial College London) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- British Society Of Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology (P47773)
- Imperial College Healthcare Charity (P47907)
- Genesis Research Trust (P55549)
- Research Trainees Coordinating Centre
- Programme Grants for Applied Research (P45272)
- Medical Research Council (P47569)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Reproductive tract infections research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Keywords
- vaginal microbiota, human papillomavirus, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, cervical cancer, Lactobacillus, microbial diversity, persistent HPV infection, probiotics, prebiotics, cervical precancerous lesions
- MeSH terms
- Uterine Cervical Dysplasia, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms, Female, Humans, Lactobacillus, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Vagina, Oxidative Stress, Probiotics, Papillomaviridae, Papillomavirus Infections, Microbiota, Dysbiosis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
