Effect of gut microbiome-derived metabolites and extracellular vesicles on hepatocyte functions in a gut-liver axis chip
Open accessAbstract
Metabolism, is a complex process involving the gut and the liver tissue, is difficult to be reproduced in vitro with conventional single cell culture systems. To tackle this challenge, we developed a gut-liver-axis chip consisting of the gut epithelial cell chamber and three-dimensional (3D) uniform-sized liver spheroid chamber. Two cell culture chamber compartments were separated with a porous membrane to prevent microorganisms from passing through the chamber. When the hepG2 spheroids cultured with microbiota-derived metabolites, we observed the changes in the physiological function of hepG2 spheroids, showing that the albumin and urea secretion activity of liver spheroids was significantly enhanced. Additionally, the functional validation of hepG2 spheroids treated with microbiota-derived exosome was evaluated that the treatment of the microbiota-derived exosome significantly enhanced albumin and urea in hepG2 spheroids in a gut-liver axis chip. Therefore, this gut-liver axis chip could be a potentially powerful co-culture platform to study the interaction of microbiota and host cells. Graphical Abstract
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EVs are proficient at carrying diverse biomolecules, such as proteins, mRNAs, and non-coding RNAs, to target cells.
“EVs are proficient at carrying diverse biomolecules, such as proteins, messenger RNAs (mRNAs), and non-coding RNAs, to target cells [45–47].”
From Extracellular vesicles as nanotheranostic platforms for targeted neurological disorder interventions (2024) · cites this paper as [46]
The Introduction says EVs carry proteins and nucleic acids and transfer genetic material to target cells. It does not identify mRNAs or non-coding RNAs specifically, so those examples are not verified by this source. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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- Authors
- Kang, S. G., Choi, Y. Y., Mo, S. J., Kim, T. H., Ha, J. H., Hong, D. K., Lee, H., Park, S. D., Shim, J.-J., Lee, J.-L., & Chung, B. G.
- Affiliations
- Sogang University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Chung, Bong Geun
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nano Convergence
- Published
- 2023-01-16
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 5-5
- ISSN
- 2196-5404 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9842828
- OpenAlex
- W4316499831
- Cited by
- 37
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 2.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Nano Convergence (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- hy Co., Ltd. (2022-00035)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Keywords
- gut-liver axis, gut microbiota metabolites, extracellular vesicles, exosomes, hepatocyte function, liver spheroids, HepG2 cells, intestinal epithelial cells, albumin secretion, urea secretion, microbiota-host interactions
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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