Biological properties of extracellular vesicles and their physiological functions
Open accessAbstract
In the past decade, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been recognized as potent vehicles of intercellular communication, both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. This is due to their capacity to transfer proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, thereby influencing various physiological and pathological functions of both recipient and parent cells. While intensive investigation has targeted the role of EVs in different pathological processes, for example, in cancer and autoimmune diseases, the EV‐mediated maintenance of homeostasis and the regulation of physiological functions have remained less explored. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the physiological roles of EVs, which has been written by crowd‐sourcing, drawing on the unique EV expertise of academia‐based scientists, clinicians and industry based in 27 European countries, the United States and Australia. This review is intended to be of relevance to both researchers already working on EV biology and to newcomers who will encounter this universal cell biological system. Therefore, here we address the molecular contents and functions of EVs in various tissues and body fluids from cell systems to organs. We also review the physiological mechanisms of EVs in bacteria, lower eukaryotes and plants to highlight the functional uniformity of this emerging communication system.
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EVs mediate intercellular communication and reflect the physiological or pathological state of their origin.
“They mediate intercellular communication and reflect the physiological or pathological state of their origin. 20”
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- Authors
- Yáñez‐Mó, M., Siljander, P. R. ‐., Andreu, Z., Bedina Zavec, A., Borràs, F. E., Buzas, E. I., Buzas, K., Casal, E., Cappello, F., Carvalho, J., Colás, E., Cordeiro‐da Silva, A., Fais, S., Falcon‐Perez, J. M., Ghobrial, I. M., Giebel, B., Gimona, M., Graner, M., Gursel, I., Gursel, M., Heegaard, N. H. H., Hendrix, A., Kierulf, P., Kokubun, K., Kosanovic, M., Kralj‐Iglic, V., Krämer‐Albers, E., Laitinen, S., Lässer, C., Lener, T., Ligeti, E., Linē, A., Lipps, G., Llorente, A., Lötvall, J., Manček‐Keber, M., Marcilla, A., Mittelbrunn, M., Nazarenko, I., Nolte‐‘t Hoen, E. N. M., Nyman, T. A., O'Driscoll, L., Olivan, M., Oliveira, C., Pállinger, É., del Portillo, H. A., Reventós, J., Rigau, M., Rohde, E., Sammar, M., Sánchez‐Madrid, F., Santarém, N., Schallmoser, K., Stampe Ostenfeld, M., Stoorvogel, W., Stukelj, R., Van der Grein, S. G., Helena Vasconcelos, M., Wauben, M. H. M., & De Wever, O.
- Affiliations
- Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina (ES)
- University of Helsinki (FI)
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology National Institute of Chemistry Ljubljana Slovenia
- Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (ES)
- Department of Genetics, Cell‐ and Immunobiology Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary
- Biological Research Centre Hungarian Academy of Sciences Szeged Hungary
- CIC bioGUNE (ES)
- Istituto Euro Mediterraneo di Scienza e Tecnologia (IT)
- Universidade do Porto (PT)
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES)
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde Universidade do Porto Porto Portugal
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità (IT)
- Metabolomics Unit CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd Bizkaia Technology Park Derio Spain
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (US)
- Essen University Hospital (DE)
- Paracelsus Medical University (AT)
- University of Colorado Denver (US)
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Thorlab‐Therapeutic Oligonucleotide Research Lab Bilkent University Ankara Turkey
- Department of Biological Sciences Middle East Technical University Ankara Turkey
- Statens Serum Institut (DK)
- Ghent University Hospital (BE)
- Oslo University Hospital (NO)
- Department of Immunochemistry and Glycobiology Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, INEP University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics Faculty of Health Sciences University of Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
- Finnish Red Cross (FI)
- University of Gothenburg (SE)
- Semmelweis University (HU)
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre (LV)
- FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland (CH)
- EN-FIST Centre of Excellence (Slovenia) (SI)
- Universitat de València (ES)
- Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Madrid Spain
- University of Freiburg (DE)
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland
- Research Unit in Biomedicine and Translational Oncology Vall Hebron Institute of Research and Autonomous University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Department of Pathology and Oncology Faculty of Medicine University of Porto Porto Portugal
- ISGlobal Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB) Hospital Clínic – Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Braude College of Engineering Karmiel (IL)
- Spanish National Centre for Cardiovascular Research (ES)
- Departmnet of Molecular Medicine Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark
- Utrecht University (NL)
- Cancer Drug Resistance Group Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP) Porto Portugal
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium
- Corresponding author
- Yáñez‐Mó, María
- Siljander, Pia R.‐M.
- ORCID
- Yáñez‐Mó, María
- Siljander, Pia R.‐M.
- Andreu, Zoraida
- Borràs, Francesc E.
- Casal, Enriqueta
- Cappello, Francesco
- Carvalho, Joana
- Colás, Eva
- Fais, Stefano
- Ghobrial, Irene M.
- Giebel, Bernd
- Gimona, Mario
- Graner, Michael
- Hendrix, An
- Kokubun, Katsutoshi
- Krämer‐Albers, Eva‐Maria
- Laitinen, Saara
- Lässer, Cecilia
- Ligeti, Erzsébet
- Linē, Aija
- Lipps, Georg
- Llorente, Alicia
- Lötvall, Jan
- Manček‐Keber, Mateja
- Marcilla, Antonio
- Nazarenko, Irina
- Nyman, Tuula A.
- Pállinger, Éva
- Rohde, Eva
- Sammar, Marei
- Sánchez‐Madrid, Francisco
- Santarém, N.
- Schallmoser, Katharina
- Stoorvogel, Willem
- Wauben, Marca H. M.
- Venue
- Journal of Extracellular Vesicles
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2015-01
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 27066-27066
- ISSN
- 2001-3078 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4433489
- OpenAlex
- W2170852633
- Cited by
- 5,926
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 529 · 2025: 621 · 2024: 713 · 2023: 696 · 2022: 703 · 2021: 740 · 2020: 580 · 2019: 468 · 2018: 338 · 2017: 301 · 2016: 201 · 2015: 32 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 126.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Extracellular Vesicles (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- SZTE Publicatio Repozitórium (University of Szeged) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Nova Science Publishers (Nova Science Publishers, Inc.) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Trinity's Access to Research Output (TARA) (Trinity College Dublin) (submittedVersion)
- Dipòsit Digital de la Universitat de Barcelona (Universitat de Barcelona) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- OpenMETU (Middle East Technical University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Semmelweis University Repository (Semmelweis University) (submittedVersion)
- Bilkent University Institutional Repository (Bilkent University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Caveolin-1 and cellular processes
- Keywords
- extracellular vesicles, intercellular communication, physiological function, homeostasis, cargo transfer, nucleic acids, lipids, proteins, bacteria, lower eukaryotes, plants, biological fluids
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