Exercise and Prediabetes After Renal Transplantation (EXPRED-I): A Prospective Study
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) beyond 12 months (late PTDM) is a severe complication after renal transplantation. Late PTDM develops mostly in subjects with prediabetes. Although exercise may have a potential role in preventing late PTDM, there are no previous data on the effect of exercise in patients with prediabetes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The design was a 12-month exploratory study to test the capacity of exercise in reverting prediabetes in order to prevent late-PTDM. The outcome was the reversibility of prediabetes, assessed every 3 months with oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT). The protocol included an incremental plan of aerobic and/or strength training as well as an active plan for promoting adherence (telephone calls, digital technology, and visits). A priori, a sample size cannot be calculated which makes this an exploratory analysis. Based on previous studies, the spontaneous reversibility of prediabetes was 30% and the reversibility induced by exercise will account for another 30%, a total reversibility of 60% (p value < 0.05, assuming a potency of 85%). Ad interim analysis was performed during follow-up to test the certainty of this sample calculation. Patients beyond 12 months after renal transplantation with prediabetes were included. RESULTS: The study was interrupted early due to efficacy after the evaluation of the follow-up of 27 patients. At the end of follow-up, 16 (60%) patients reverted to normal glucose levels at fasting (from 102.13 mg/dL ± 11 to 86.75 ± 6.9, p = 0.006) and at 120 min after the OGTTs (154.44 mg/dL ± 30 to 113.0 ± 13.1, p = 0.002) and 11 patients had persistent prediabetes (40%). Also, insulin sensitivity improved with the reversibility of prediabetes, compared to those with persistent prediabetes: 0.09 [0.08-0.11] versus 0.04 [0.01-0.07], p = 0.001 (Stumvoll index). Most needed at least one increment in the prescription of exercise and compliance. Finally, measures aimed at the improvement of compliance were successful in 22 (80%) patients. CONCLUSION: Exercise training was effective to improve glucose metabolism in renal transplant patients with prediabetes. Exercise prescription must be conducted considering both the clinical characteristics of the patients and pre-defined strategy to promote adherence. The trial registration number of the study was NCT04489043.
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Before-and-after studies or cohort studies can provide valuable insights into special populations such as patients with chronic liver disease or renal transplant.
“before-and-after studies or cohort studies can provide valuable insights into special populations, such as patients with chronic liver disease [57] or renal transplant [58]”
From Digital Health Interventions to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as [58]
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Self-citationExercise and Prediabetes after Renal Transplantation (EXPRED): Protocol Description
Febles, R. M., Mena, N. N., Rodríguez‐Rodríguez, A. E., Martin, L. D., Rinne, F. G., Miranda, D. M., Rinne, A. G., González, A. M. Á., Tamajón, L. P., Sørensen, C. A., et al. (2020) · The Nephron journals/Nephron journals · doi:10.1159/000511320 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
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Self-citation#156 Exercise and prediabetes after renal transplantation: EXPRED-II
Febles, R. M., Martín, O. R., Miranda, D. M., Rinne, A. G., González, A. M. Á., Novo, N. D., Saavedra, I. A., Estupiñán, R. S., Quintana, A. S., Gonzalez, A. M. R., et al. (2025) · Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation · doi:10.1093/ndt/gfaf116.0817
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Self-citationMartín, O. R., Febles, R. M., Mallén, P. I. D., Reseghetti, E., Miquel-Rodríguez, R., Torres, S. E., Cobo, M. Á., Cruz, C., Martin, L. D., Martín, A. R. G., et al. (2025) · The Nephron journals/Nephron journals · doi:10.1159/000549072
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- Authors
- Morales Febles, R., Marrero Miranda, D., Jiménez Sosa, A., González Rinne, A., Cruz Perera, C., Rodríguez-Rodríguez, A. E., Álvarez González, A., Díaz Martín, L., Negrín Mena, N., Acosta Sørensen, C., Pérez Tamajón, L., Rodríguez Hernández, A., González Rinne, F., Dorta González, A., Ledesma Pérez, E., González Delgado, A., Domínguez-Rodríguez, A., García Baute, M. D. C., Torres Ramírez, A., & Porrini, E.
- Affiliations
- Universidad de La Laguna (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Porrini, Esteban
- ORCID
- Porrini, Esteban
- Venue
- Sports Medicine - Open
- Published
- 2023-05-18
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 32-32
- ISSN
- 2198-9761 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10195924
- OpenAlex
- W4377046960
- Cited by
- 9
- References
- 58
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3
- FWCI
- 2.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Sports Medicine - Open (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Research Square (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Fundación Canaria de Investigación y Salud (PIFIISC 20/49)
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (FI 17/00303 (PFIS))
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Transplantation › Renal Transplantation Outcomes and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- prediabetes, kidney transplantation, post-transplant diabetes mellitus, exercise training, aerobic exercise, resistance training, insulin sensitivity, exercise adherence, telephone follow-up, digital health
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