Adjustment disorders: Fault line in the psychiatric glossary
Open accessAbstract
Adjustment disorder entered the DSM–II nomenclature in 1968 and was recognized in ICD–9 in 1978. Before then the term ‘transient situational disturbance’ was applied to such conditions. The addition of adjustment disorder to the ICD classification was in response to the confusion generated by the older concepts of reactive and endogenous depression. Both DSM–IV (American Psychiatric Association, 1994) and ICD–10 (World Health Organization, 1992) retain the category of adjustment disorder, which has utility as a clinical concept. However, it has been eclipsed by the focus on mood disorder among research and policy-makers. A consequence of this is the danger of exaggerating the need for expensive and sometimes unpredictable mental health interventions in those whose problems are likely to resolve spontaneously.
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In outpatient care, between 5 and 20% of patients have an adjustment disorder as their main diagnosis.
“In outpatient care, adjustment disorders are diagnosed very often: between 5 and 20 % of patients in outpatient care have an adjustment disorder as their main diagnosis [7].”
From Immediate help through group therapy for patients with somatic diseases and depressive or adjustment disorders in outpatient care: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. (2015) · cites this paper as [7]
The Epidemiological Error section (p. 480) reports that DSM-IV gives 5–20% as the proportion of outpatients for whom adjustment disorder is the principal diagnosis. But it immediately cites a substantially lower estimate of 2.3% in the same setting, so the citing sentence presents a disputed range as an unqualified fact. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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Greiner, T., Haack, B., Toto, S., Bleich, S., Grohmann, R., Faltraco, F., Heinze, M., & Schneider, M. (2019) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-019-01058-1 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Andreu‐Mateu, S., Botella, C., Quero, S., Guillén, V., & Baños, R. (2012) · Repositori UJI (Universitat Jaume I) · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Reschke, K., & Teichmann, K. (2008) · Psychosomatik und Konsiliarpsychiatrie · doi:10.1007/s11800-008-0099-z · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Un estudio de caso de trastorno adaptativo con ansiedad por situación de sobrecarga laboral
Rodríguez, I. D., Cabras, V. P., & Mairal, J. B. (2017) · Clínica y Salud · doi:10.1016/j.clysa.2017.05.003 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
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‘Doing Well’: description of a complex intervention to improve depression care
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Anpassungsstörungen im Sinne einer reaktiven Depression
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Posttraumatic embitterment disorder, PTED
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Positividad y afrontamiento en pacientes con trastorno adaptativo
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Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders 2: Adjustment Disorders
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- Authors
- Casey, P., Dowrick, C., & Wilkinson, G.
- Affiliations
- University College Dublin (IE)
- Corresponding author
- Casey, Patricia
- Venue
- British Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Royal College of Psychiatrists
- Published
- 2001-12
- Volume
- 179
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 479-481
- ISSN
- 0007-1250 (ISSN-L)
- 1472-1465
- OpenAlex
- W2015241758
- Cited by
- 153
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 39.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The British Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychology and Mental Health
- Keywords
- adjustment disorder, psychiatric classification, DSM-IV, ICD-10, reactive depression, endogenous depression, mood disorders, mental health service utilization, spontaneous recovery
- MeSH terms
- Adjustment Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Humans, Terminology as Topic
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