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Adversity, cannabis use and psychotic experiences: evidence of cumulative and synergistic effects
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Background: There is robust evidence that childhood adversity is associated with an increased risk of psychosis. There is, however, little research on intervening factors that might increase or decrease risk following childhood adversity. Aims: To investigate main effects of, and synergy between, childhood abuse and life events and cannabis use on odds of psychotic experiences. Method: Data on psychotic experiences and childhood abuse, life events and cannabis use were collected from 1680 individuals as part of the South East London Community Health Study (SELCoH), a population-based household survey. Results: There was strong evidence that childhood abuse and number of life events combined synergistically to increase odds of psychotic experiences beyond the effects of each individually. There was similar, but weaker, evidence for cannabis use (past year). Conclusions: Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that childhood abuse creates an enduring vulnerability to psychosis that is realised in the event of exposure to further stressors and risk factors.
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“suggesting that it is the synergy of social adversity and other factors such as drug abuse and familial risk which, in combination with exposure to childhood trauma, may push individuals beyond the threshold for psychotic disorder”
From Clinical, socio‐demographic and psychological characteristics in individuals with persistent psychotic experiences with and without a “need for care” (2016) · cites this paper as [31]
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“There seems to be a synergistic interplay between different risk factors, such as between childhood abuse and adult life events, as well as cannabis use 31,32 , suggesting that exposure to childhood and adult disadvantage may combine in complex ways to push some individuals along the pathway to psychotic disorder.”
From Clinical, socio‐demographic and psychological characteristics in individuals with persistent psychotic experiences with and without a “need for care” (2016) · cites this paper as [31]
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“Our results are in line with Morgan et al's report 31,32 of a complex interplay between different environmental risk factors”
From Clinical, socio‐demographic and psychological characteristics in individuals with persistent psychotic experiences with and without a “need for care” (2016) · cites this paper as [31]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Morgan, C., Reininghaus, U., Reichenberg, A., Frissa, S., SELCoH study team, Hotopf, M., & Hatch, S. L.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- Corresponding author
- Morgan, Craig
- ORCID
- Venue
- British Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Royal College of Psychiatrists
- Published
- 2014-05
- Volume
- 204
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 346-353
- ISSN
- 0007-1250 (ISSN-L)
- 1472-1465
- PMC
- PMC4006086
- OpenAlex
- W2159705047
- Cited by
- 113
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 16.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- The British Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Lirias (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust
- Wellcome Trust (WT087417, HEALTH-F2-2009-241909)
- Maudsley Charity
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (PDF-2011-04-065)
- Guy's and St Thomas' Charity
- King's College London
- European Commission (241909)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
- Keywords
- childhood adversity, childhood abuse, cannabis use, psychotic experiences, life events, cumulative risk, synergistic effect, psychosis risk, stressors
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Marijuana Abuse, Female, Humans, Life Change Events, Male, Marijuana Smoking, Middle Aged, Psychotic Disorders, Surveys and Questionnaires, Adult Survivors of Child Abuse, Young Adult
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