Cited by 541Mental Health Treatment and AccessAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development

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Depression Comorbid with Anxiety: Results from the WHO Study on Psychological Disorders in Primary Health Care

Sartorius, Nornam, Üstün, T. Bedirhan, Lecrubier, Yves, Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich·1996·British Journal of Psychiatry

DOI 10.1192/s0007125000298395

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Abstract

The World Health Organization collaborative study on “Psychological Problems in General Health Care” investigated the form, frequency, course and outcome of common psychological problems in primary care settings at 15 international sites. The research employed a two-stage case-finding procedure. GHQ–12 was administered to 25 916 adults who consulted health-care services. The second-stage assessment (n=5438) consisted of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (GDI), the Social Disability Schedule, and questionnaires. Possible cases or borderline cases of mental disorder, and a sample of known cases, were followed up at three months and one year. Using standard diagnostic algorithms (ICD–10), prevalence rates were calculated for current disorder (one-month) and lifetime experience disorder. Well-defined psychological problems are frequent in all the general health-care settings examined (median 24.0%). Among the most common were depression, anxiety, alcohol misuse, somatoform disorders, and neurasthenia. Nine per cent of patients suffered from a “subthreshold condition” that did not meet diagnostic criteria but had clinically significant symptoms and functional impairment. The most common co-occurrence was depression and anxiety. Comorbidity increases the likelihood of recognition of mental disorders in general health care, and the likelihood of receiving treatment.

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Kessler, R. C. (1994) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950010008002 · Cited by 12,370

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Background
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Background
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Background
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Background
Noni as an anxiolytic and sedative: a mechanism involving its gamma-aminobutyric acidergic effects.
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Background
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Background
Management of anxiety disorders: The added challenge of comorbidity
Dünner, D. L. (2001) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.1018 · Cited by 63
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Background
Mental disorders among elderly people in primary care: the Linköping study
Ólafsdóttir, M., Marcusson, J., & Skoog, I. (2001) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1034/j.1600-0447.2001.104001012.x · Cited by 50
“The recognition rate was higher for anxiety disorders than for depression (30%), which is in line with previous studies on younger samples in primary care (3, 10).”
Result
Treating depression comorbid with anxiety--results of an open, practice-oriented study with St John's wort WS 5572 and valerian extract in high doses.
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Background
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“According to human studies [31-34], depression and anxiety show high comorbidity rates.”
Background
Tianeptine and paroxetine in major depressive disorder, with a special focus on the anxious component in depression: an international, 6‐week double‐blind study †
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“But, beside specific depressive disorders and anxiety disorders, a mixed anxiety/depressive disorder may exist (Sartorius et al., 1996; Boulenger et al., 1997; Wittchen et al., 2001) and diagnostic criteria for clinical research are provided in the DSM-IV classification (American Psychiatric…”
Background
Treatment of depression and concomitant anxiety.
Nutt, D. (2000) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0924-977x(00)00110-3 · Cited by 44
“6% had both (Sartorius et al., 1996).”
Social Support and Psychological Distress in Primary Care Attenders
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“This extension in length was mainly a consequence of concerns about the co-morbidity of GAD with major depression (Breier et al. 1985; Breslau, 1985; Breslau & Davis, 1985; Brown et al. 1995, 1998; Starcevic, 1995; Sartorius et al. 1996).”
Background

Authors: Sartorius, N., Üstün, T. B., Lecrubier, Y., & Wittchen, H.-U.
Affiliations: University of Geneva (CH)
World Health Organization (CH)
Inserm (FR)
Corresponding author: Üstün, T. Bedirhan
Venue: British Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher: Royal College of Psychiatrists
Published: 1996-06
Volume: 168
Issue: S30
Pages: 38-43
ISSN: 0007-1250 (ISSN-L)
1472-1465
DOI: 10.1192/s0007125000298395
OpenAlex: W2765030473
Cited by: 541
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 24
FWCI: 18.96
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified, 8101 d)
Locations: The British Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Keywords: depression, anxiety, comorbidities, primary care, mental illness, prevalence, mental disorder recognition, treatment seeking, alcohol abuse, somatoform disorders, neurasthenia
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Antidepressive Agents, Anxiety Disorders, Chronic Disease, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Primary Health Care, Professional Impairment, Psychotropic Drugs, Sampling Studies, World Health Organization, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Odds Ratio

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Depression Comorbid with Anxiety: Results from the WHO Study on Psychological Disorders in Primary Health Care

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